Impact of Parentification on Long-Term Outcomes Among Children of Parents With HIV/AIDS

STEIN, JUDITH A.; ROTHERAM‐BORUS, MARY JANE; LESTER, PATRICIA

doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2007.00214.x

Cited by 93Family Support in IllnessFamily Dynamics and RelationshipsGrief, Bereavement, and Mental Health

Impact of Parentification on Long-Term Outcomes Among Children of Parents With HIV/AIDS

STEIN, JUDITH A., ROTHERAM‐BORUS, MARY JANE, LESTER, PATRICIA·2007·Family Process

DOI 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2007.00214.x

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Abstract

Stein, Riedel, and Rotheram-Borus reported in 1999 that early parentification predicted maladaptive outcomes of more emotional distress, substance use, and conduct problems among adolescents of parents with HIV/AIDS (PWH) 6 months later. The current study assessed the adolescents (N = 213) 6 years later to assess whether there were continuing negative effects of parentification, or, rather, if there were some positive outcomes. Although the premature assumption of parental roles had negative effects in the short term, we hypothesized that such skills may have been adaptive in the long run, especially in the case of adolescents with major stressors in their lives, including dying or ill parents, impoverished environments, and family instability. We found that early parentification predicted better adaptive coping skills and less alcohol and tobacco use 6 years later. In addition, early parentification was not associated with later emotional distress and dysfunctional parenting attitudes, including expecting role reversals in their own children.

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Early parentification among children of parents with HIV/AIDS was found to have better adaptive coping skills 6 years later.
“In support of this, early parentification among children of parents with HIV/AIDS were found to have better adaptive coping skills 6 years later [19].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Most quantitative studies were cross-sectional, and only six were longitudinal.
“Most quantitative studies were cross-sectional and only six [19,70,80,92,95,104] were longitudinal studies.”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Parentification as an overall construct was positively associated with internalizing problems across studies except for one.
“Parentification as an overall construct was positively associated with internalizing problems across studies except for one [19], yet role reversal as an overall construct as studied in two papers was not associated with internalizing problems or distress [72,73].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
More parentification was linked with better coping skills 6 years later.
“For example, more role-fulfilment from parentification was linked with a higher daily happiness rating [97], more instrumental parentification with better school achievement [8], more parental role with more social competence [102], more parentification with better cognitive empathy [103], and better coping skills 6 years later [19].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Across the 18 associations tested in the 11 substance use studies, only five associations were statistically significant and three were in the unexpected negative direction where more parentification was associated with fewer substance use problems.
“Across the 18 associations tested in these 11 studies, only five associations were statistically significant and three were in the unexpected negative direction where more parentification was associated with fewer substance use problems [19,72,96].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [19]

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Parentification and Its Impact on Adolescent Children of Parents with AIDS
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Authors: STEIN, J. A., ROTHERAM‐BORUS, M. J., & LESTER, P.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
ORCID: LESTER, PATRICIA
Venue: Family Process
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2007-08-09
Volume: 46
Issue: 3
Pages: 317-333
ISSN: 0014-7370 (ISSN-L)
1545-5300
DOI: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2007.00214.x
OpenAlex: W1990287361
Cited by: 93
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 7.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Family Process (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH049958, 1R01MH49958-04)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Family Support in Illness
Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
Keywords: parentification, adolescents, long-term outcomes, coping strategies, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, emotional distress, dysfunctional parenting, role reversal, family instability
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Child, Death, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, New York City, HIV Infections, Child of Impaired Parents, Parenting

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Impact of Parentification on Long-Term Outcomes Among Children of Parents With HIV/AIDS

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