A systematic review of the effectiveness of self‐performed mechanical plaque removal in adults with gingivitis using a manual toothbrush
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of self‐performed mechanical plaque removal in adults with gingivitis using a manual toothbrush with respect to the level of plaque and gingivitis in controlled studies of at least 6 months duration. Search: Medline‐PubMed up to and including September 2004. Results: Out of 3223 titles and abstracts, 33 trials were found for data extraction. A meta‐analysis was conducted of studies (n=9) in which, for the manual toothbrush group at baseline, only a professional prophylaxis provided. The weighted mean differences (WMD) between baseline and end‐trial for the Quigley & Hein plaque index was 0.28 and 0.21 for the Gingival Index (p<0.05). Eight studies provided both a professional OHI and prophylaxis at baseline. The WMD for the Silness & Löe Plaque Index was 0.10 (ns). The WMD of the proportion of bleeding sites was 5.84% (p<0.05). Conclusion: In adults with gingivitis the quality of self‐performed mechanical plaque removal is not sufficiently effective and should be improved. Based on studies 6 months of duration, it appears that a single oral hygiene instruction, describing the use of a mechanical toothbrush, in addition to a single professional ‘oral prophylaxis’ provided at baseline, had a significant, albeit small, positive effect on the reduction of gingivitis.
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In adults with gingivitis, quality of self-performed mechanical plaque removal is not always completely effective and could be improved.
“Besides the observation that good oral hygiene is correlated with stable oral conditions, it has been demonstrated that in adults with gingivitis the quality of self-performed mechanical plaque removal is not always completely effective and could be improved.10”
From Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease. (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Van Der Weijden, G. A., & Hioe, K. P. K.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Periodontology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-08-26
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- s6
- Pages
- 214-228
- ISSN
- 0303-6979 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-051X
- OpenAlex
- W2116488051
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal Of Clinical Periodontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Keywords
- gingivitis, manual toothbrush, mechanical plaque removal, dental hygiene education, professional prophylaxis, dental plaque, gingival bleeding, oral hygiene
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Clinical Trials as Topic, Dental Devices, Home Care, Dental Plaque, Dental Plaque Index, Gingivitis, Humans, Periodontal Index, Toothbrushing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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