Cited by 136Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and HealthMedication Adherence and Compliance

Comprehensive effects of lifestyle reform, adherence, and related factors on hypertension control: A review

Open access
Ojangba, Theodora, Boamah, Solomon, Miao, Yudong, Guo, Xinghong, Fen, Yifei, Agboyibor, Clement, Yuan, Jingjing, Dong, Wenyong·2023·The Journal of Clinical Hypertension

Abstract

Despite the effectiveness of currently available antihypertensive medications, there is still a need for new treatment strategies that are more effective in certain groups of hypertensive and for additional resources to combat hypertension. However, medication non‐adherence was previously recognized as a major problem in the treatment of hypertension. The mechanisms behind the positive impacts of lifestyle changes might occur in different ways. In comparison with other studies, the efficacy and effectiveness of lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive pharmaceutical treatment for the prevention and control of hypertension and concomitant cardiovascular disease have been demonstrated in randomized controlled trials. However, in this review, the attitudinal lifestyle modifications and barriers to blood pressure control were elaborated on. An effective method for reducing blood pressure (BP) and preventing cardiovascular events with antihypertensive medications has been outlined. Maintaining healthy lifestyle factors (body mass index, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, sodium excretion, and sedentary behavior) could lower systolic blood pressure BP by 3.5 mm Hg and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by about 30%, regardless of genetic susceptibility to hypertension. Conducting a lifestyle intervention using health education could improve lifestyle factors, such as reducing salt, sodium, and fat intake, changing eating habits to include more fruits and vegetables, not smoking, consuming less alcohol, exercising regularly, maintaining healthy body weight, and minimizing stressful conditions. Each behavior could affect BP by modulating visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance, the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system, vascular endothelial function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and autonomic function. Evidence of the joint effect of antihypertensive medications and lifestyle reforms suggests a pathway to reduce hypertension.

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  • In individuals with chronic conditions such as hypertension, adherence to lifestyle reform (diet, exercise, stress reduction) is associated with improved physiological parameters and better disease control.

    “In individuals with chronic conditions such as hypertension, adherence to lifestyle reform—including diet, exercise, and stress reduction techniques—has been associated with improved physiological parameters and better disease control [91].”

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2 of the 115 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [79]Ojangba T, Zhang L, Wang Z. Compilation of supporting data on reducing salt (NaCl) for healthier meat and meat products. Int J Res. 2021; 3(11): 57‐ 69.
  2. [89]Benowitz NL, Gourlay SG. Cardiovascular toxicity of nicotine: implications for nicotine replacement therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997; 29(7): 1422‐ 1431. 9180099

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Authors
Ojangba, T., Boamah, S., Miao, Y., Guo, X., Fen, Y., Agboyibor, C., Yuan, J., & Dong, W.
Affiliations
  • Zhengzhou University (CN)
  • Gansu Agricultural University (CN)
Corresponding author
Dong, Wenyong
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Hypertension
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-05-09
Volume
25
Issue
6
Pages
509-520
ISSN
  • 1524-6175 (ISSN-L)
  • 1751-7176
OpenAlex
W4376121652
Cited by
136
References
115
Citations by year
2026: 55 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 4
FWCI
7.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Hypertension (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences (21BGL222)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
Keywords
hypertension, lifestyle modification, medication adherence, blood pressure control, cardiovascular disease prevention, antihypertensive drugs, dietary sodium, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sedentary behavior, health education, insulin resistance, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress, visceral fat
MeSH terms
Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Sodium

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