Association between periodontitis and severity of COVID‐19 infection: A case–control study
Open accessAbstract
AIM: COVID-19 is associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response that can result in fatal outcomes. Systemic inflammation is also a main characteristic of periodontitis. Therefore, we investigated the association of periodontitis with COVID-19 complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was performed using the national electronic health records of the State of Qatar between February and July 2020. Cases were defined as patients who suffered COVID-19 complications (death, ICU admissions or assisted ventilation), and controls were COVID-19 patients discharged without major complications. Periodontal conditions were assessed using dental radiographs from the same database. Associations between periodontitis and COVID 19 complications were analysed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic, medical and behaviour factors. RESULTS: In total, 568 patients were included. After adjusting for potential confounders, periodontitis was associated with COVID-19 complication including death (OR = 8.81, 95% CI 1.00-77.7), ICU admission (OR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.39-9.05) and need for assisted ventilation (OR = 4.57, 95% CI 1.19-17.4). Similarly, blood levels of white blood cells, D-dimer and C Reactive Protein were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with periodontitis. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis was associated with higher risk of ICU admission, need for assisted ventilation and death of COVID-19 patients, and with increased blood levels of biomarkers linked to worse disease outcomes.
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Due to the lack of contraindications and other issues associated with antibiotics, medicines based on para-probiotics may be especially important.
“Due to the lack of contraindications and other issues associated with antibiotics, medicines based on para-probiotics may be especially important.[38]”
From The effect of text message-based health guidelines reinforcement on clinical outcomes following non-surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized clinical trial (2025) · cites this paper as [38]
The Introduction discusses periodontitis, systemic health, and periodontal treatment, but not para-probiotic medicines or their safety relative to antibiotics. Searches for para-probiotics, contraindications, and antibiotic adverse effects found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Marouf, N., Cai, W., Said, K. N., Daas, H., Diab, H., Chinta, V. R., Hssain, A. A., Nicolau, B., Sanz, M., & Tamimi, F.
- Affiliations
- Hamad Medical Corporation (QA)
- McGill University (CA)
- Qatar University (QA)
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Tamimi, Faleh
- Venue
- Journal Of Clinical Periodontology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-02-15
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 483-491
- ISSN
- 0303-6979 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-051X
- PMC
- PMC8014679
- OpenAlex
- W3126740247
- Cited by
- 380
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 92 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 86
- FWCI
- 68.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal Of Clinical Periodontology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental Research and COVID-19
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- periodontitis, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 complications, systemic inflammation, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, mortality, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, disease severity
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, C-Reactive Protein, Humans, Periodontitis, Case-Control Studies
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