Oral microbiome alterations of healthy volunteers with proton pump inhibitor
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acid suppressive agents including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used as first‐line treatment for various acid‐related gastrointestinal disorders. Although known to profoundly reduce gastric acid production, their influence on inhibition of acid secretion as part of the function of the gastrointestinal tract microbiome remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of PPI usage on oral and gut microbiota in healthy volunteers. Methods: Ten healthy adult volunteers receiving no medications were enrolled. We obtained fecal, saliva, and periodontal pocket fluid samples from the subjects before and after 4 weeks of once daily administrations of 20‐mg esomeprazole. The effects of PPI administration on bacterial communities were investigated using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Results: Species richness (alpha diversity) was significantly different among the salivary, periodontal pocket, and fecal samples. Furthermore, the measurements for UniFrac distances, despite inter‐individual variations (beta diversity), of the microbiota structure of saliva and periodontal pocket and feces samples were clearly separated from each other. The salivary samples showed significant differences between alpha and beta diversity measurements before and after administration of the PPI for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, taxon‐based analysis indicated that PPI administration raised the ratio of Streptococcus organisms in fecal samples, suggesting a potentially unfavorable effect leading to gut microbiota alteration. Moreover, alterations of the microbiota in the oral carriage microbiome along with bacterial overgrowth ( Streptococcus ) and decreases in distinct bacterial species ( Neisseria and Veillonella ) were observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that PPIs cause both oral and gut microbiota alterations.
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PPIs may cause both oral and gut microbiota alterations.
“this suggests that PPIs may cause both oral and gut microbiota alterations[34]”
From Proton pump inhibitors and dysbiosis: current knowledge and aspects to be clarified (2019) · cites this paper as [34]
In healthy volunteers, a four-week esomeprazole administration caused an increase of Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia in the periodontal pocket, associated with a decrease of Neisseria and Veillonella in saliva and a parallel increase of Streptococcus in fecal samples.
“One study showed that, in healthy volunteers, a four-week esomeprazole administration of PPI caused an increase of Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia in the periodontal pocket, associated with a decrease of Neisseria and Veillonella in saliva and a parallel increase of Streptococcus in fecal samples”
From Proton pump inhibitors and dysbiosis: current knowledge and aspects to be clarified (2019) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Mishiro, T., Oka, K., Kuroki, Y., Takahashi, M., Tatsumi, K., Saitoh, T., Tobita, H., Ishimura, N., Sato, S., Ishihara, S., Sekine, J., Wada, K., & Kinoshita, Y.
- Affiliations
- Shimane University (JP)
- Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Japan) (JP)
- Shimane University Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Mishiro, Tsuyoshi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-02-14
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1059-1066
- ISSN
- 0815-9319 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1746
- OpenAlex
- W2799747771
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 9.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Miyarisan Pharmaceutical
- Shimane University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (18K07939, 16K09282)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Keywords
- proton pump inhibitors, esomeprazole, oral microbiota, gut microbiota, salivary microbiota, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Veillonella, bacterial overgrowth, alpha diversity, beta diversity, acid suppression
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Adult, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neisseria, Omeprazole, Periodontal Pocket, Saliva, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Gene Silencing, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Administration, Ophthalmic
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