Cited by 67Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersTryptophan and brain disorders

Targeting the Microbiota in Pharmacology of Psychiatric Disorders

Pascale, Alessia, Marchesi, Nicoletta, Govoni, Stefano, Barbieri, Annalisa·2020·Pharmacological Research

Abstract

There is increasing interest in the role of the gut microbiota in health and disease. In particular, gut microbiota influences the Central Nervous System (CNS) development and homeostasis through neural pathways or routes involving the immune and circulatory systems. The CNS, in turn, shapes the intestinal flora through endocrine or stress-mediated responses. These overall bidirectional interactions, known as gut microbiota-brain axis, profoundly affect some brain functions, such as neurogenesis and the production of neurotransmitters, up to influence behavioral aspects of healthy subjects. Consequently, a dysfunction within this axis, as observed in case of dysbiosis, can have an impact on the behavior of a given individual (e.g. anxiety and depression) or on the development of pathologies affecting the CNS, such as autism spectrum disorders and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease). It should be considered that the whole microbiota has a significant role not only on aspects concerning human physiology, such as harvesting of nutrients and energy from the ingested food or production of a wide range of bioactive compounds, but also has positive effects on the gastrointestinal barrier function and actively contributes to the pharmacokinetics of several compounds including neuropsychiatric drugs. Indeed, the microbiota is able to affect drug absorption and metabolism up to have an impact on drug activity and/or toxicity. On the other hand, drugs are able to shape the human gut microbiota itself, where these changes may contribute to their pharmacologic profile. Therefore, the emerging picture on the complex drug-microbiota bidirectional interplay will have considerable implications in the future not only in terms of clinical practice but also, upstream, on drug development.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104856

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190 of 190 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • A. muciniphila is crucial for proper brain function and has therapeutic potential in several neuropsychiatric diseases through the gut-brain axis.

    “Although its mode of action has not been completely elucidated, mounting data suggest that, through the gut–brain axis, A. muciniphila is crucial for proper brain function and has therapeutic potential in several neuropsychiatric diseases [75,76].”
  • H. pylori is found with higher prevalence in Parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy subjects, and binding of L-dopa to H. pylori contributes to reduced absorption of the drug, resulting in motor impairment.

    “another bacterial species that is found with higher prevalence in PD patients compared to healthy subjects is Helicobacter pylori. Interestingly, the binding of L-dopa to H. pylori contributes to the reduced absorption of the drug, resulting in motor impairment [29]”
  • Neurotransmitters produced in the gut may influence the brain indirectly, by acting on the enteric nervous system.

    “However, neurotransmitters produced in the gut may influence the brain indirectly, by acting on the ENS [30,31].”

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Authors
Pascale, A., Marchesi, N., Govoni, S., & Barbieri, A.
Affiliations
University of Pavia (IT)
Corresponding author
Pascale, Alessia
Venue
Pharmacological Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-07
Volume
157
Pages
104856
ISSN
1043-6618 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3022105596
Cited by
67
References
194
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6
FWCI
0.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Pharmacological Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
gut microbiota, microbiota-brain axis, mental illness, dysbiosis, anxiety, depression, autism spectrum disorder, neurodegenerative diseases, drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, drug-microbiota interactions, drug development, neurotransmitters, neurogenesis
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Mental Disorders, Brain, Humans, Intestines, Mental Health, Antipsychotic Agents, Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Dysbiosis

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