Signals from the gut microbiota to distant organs in physiology and disease
Abstract
The ecosystem of the human gut consists of trillions of bacteria forming a bioreactor that is fueled by dietary macronutrients to produce bioactive compounds. These microbiota-derived metabolites signal to distant organs in the body, which enables the gut bacteria to connect to the immune and hormone system, to the brain (the gut-brain axis) and to host metabolism, as well as other functions of the host. This microbe-host communication is essential to maintain vital functions of the healthy host. Recently, however, the gut microbiota has been associated with a number of diseases, ranging from obesity and inflammatory diseases to behavioral and physiological abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this Review, we will discuss microbiota-host cross-talk and intestinal microbiome signaling to extraintestinal organs. We will review mechanisms of how this communication might contribute to host physiology and discuss how misconfigured signaling might contribute to different diseases.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Dysbiosis has been linked to age-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and systemic inflammation.
“Dysbiosis—an imbalance in microbial composition—has been linked to age-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and systemic inflammation, emphasizing the microbiome’s role in longevity and disease prevention [98].”
The gut microbiota signals to distant organs, contributing to the maintenance of host physiology.
“The gut microbiota also signals to distant organs, contributing to the maintenance of host physiology 11 .”
From Healthspan and lifespan extension by fecal microbiota transplantation into progeroid mice (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
Cites
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
MetaHIT Consortium, Qin, J., Li, R., Raes, J., Arumugam, M., Burgdorf, K. S., Manichanh, C., Nielsen, T., Pons, N., Levenez, F., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08821 · Cited by 11,624 · see citing works
Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
David, L. A., Maurice, C. F., Carmody, R. N., Gootenberg, D. B., Button, J. E., Wolfe, B. E., Ling, A. V., Devlin, A. S., Varma, Y., Fischbach, M. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12820 · Cited by 10,100 · see citing works
Human gut microbes associated with obesity
Ley, R. E., Turnbaugh, P. J., Klein, S., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/4441022a · Cited by 8,785 · see citing works
Human Genetics Shape the Gut Microbiome
Goodrich, J. K., Waters, J. L., Poole, A. C., Sutter, J. L., Koren, O., Blekhman, R., Beaumont, M., Van Treuren, W., Knight, R., Bell, J. T., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.053 · Cited by 3,164 · see citing works
The Effect of Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Metagenomic Analysis in Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ridaura, V. K., Faith, J. J., Rey, F. E., Knight, R., & Gordon, J. I. (2009) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322 · Cited by 3,058 · see citing works
Vrieze, A., Van Nood, E., Holleman, F., Salojärvi, J., Kootte, R. S., Bartelsman, J. F. W. M., Dallinga–Thie, G. M., Ackermans, M. T., Serlie, M. J., Oozeer, R., et al. (2012) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.06.031 · Cited by 2,913 · see citing works
Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice
Bäckhed, F., Manchester, J. K., Semenkovich, C. F., & Gordon, J. I. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0605374104 · Cited by 2,615 · see citing works
Self-citationZelante, T., Iannitti, R. G., Cunha, C., De Luca, A., Giovannini, G., Pieraccini, G., Zecchi, R., D’Angelo, C., Massi-Benedetti, C., Fallarino, F., et al. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.003 · Cited by 2,614 · see citing works
Inflammasome-mediated dysbiosis regulates progression of NAFLD and obesity
Henao-Mejia, J., Elinav, E., Jin, C., Hao, L., Mehal, W. Z., Strowig, T., Thaiss, C. A., Kau, A. L., Eisenbarth, S. C., Jurczak, M. J., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10809 · Cited by 2,435 · see citing works
The microbiome and innate immunity
Thaiss, C. A., Zmora, N., Levy, M., & Elinav, E. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature18847 · Cited by 2,012 · see citing works
Clarke, G., Grenham, S., Scully, P., Fitzgerald, P., Moloney, R. D., Shanahan, F., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2013) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2012.77 · Cited by 1,893 · see citing works
TGR5-Mediated Bile Acid Sensing Controls Glucose Homeostasis
Thomas, C., Gioiello, A., Noriega, L., Strehle, A., Oury, J., Rizzo, G., Macchiarulo, A., Yamamoto, H., Mataki, C., Pruzanski, M., et al. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.08.001 · Cited by 1,885 · see citing works
Samuel, B. S., Shaito, A., Motoike, T., Rey, F. E., Backhed, F., Manchester, J. K., Hammer, R. E., Williams, S. C., Crowley, J., Yanagisawa, M., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808567105 · Cited by 1,564 · see citing works
Persistent gut microbiota immaturity in malnourished Bangladeshi children
Subramanian, S., Huq, S., Yatsunenko, T., Haque, R., Mahfuz, M., Alam, M. A., Benezra, A., DeStefano, J., Meier, M. F., Muegge, B. D., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13421 · Cited by 1,270 · see citing works
Gut Microbiomes of Malawian Twin Pairs Discordant for Kwashiorkor
Smith, M. I., Yatsunenko, T., Manary, M. J., Trehan, I., Mkakosya, R., Cheng, J., Kau, A. L., Rich, S. S., Concannon, P., Mychaleckyj, J. C., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1229000 · Cited by 1,173 · see citing works
Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children
Finegold, S. M., Dowd, S. E., Gontcharova, V., Liu, C., Henley, K. E., Wolcott, R. D., Youn, E., Summanen, P. H., Granpeesheh, D., Dixon, D., et al. (2010) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Caesar, R., Tremaroli, V., Kovatcheva-Datchary, P., Cani, P. D., & Bäckhed, F. (2015) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.026 · Cited by 960 · see citing works
Self-citationHost lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales
David, L. A., Materna, A. C., Friedman, J., Campos-Baptista, M. I., Blackburn, M. C., Perrotta, A., Erdman, S. E., & Alm, E. J. (2014) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2014-15-7-r89 · Cited by 950 · see citing works
Tremaroli, V., Karlsson, F., Werling, M., Ståhlman, M., Kovatcheva-Datchary, P., Olbers, T., Fändriks, L., le Roux, C. W., Nielsen, J., & Bäckhed, F. (2015) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.009 · Cited by 757 · see citing works
Self-citationGut bacteria that prevent growth impairments transmitted by microbiota from malnourished children
Blanton, L. V., Charbonneau, M. R., Salih, T., Barratt, M. J., Venkatesh, S., Ilkaveya, O., Subramanian, S., Manary, M. J., Trehan, I., Jorgensen, J. M., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad3311 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Regulation of prefrontal cortex myelination by the microbiota
Hoban, A. E., Stilling, R. M., Ryan, F. J., Shanahan, F., Dinan, T. G., Claesson, M. J., Clarke, G., & Cryan, J. F. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.42 · Cited by 635 · see citing works
Charbonneau, M. R., O’Donnell, D., Blanton, L. V., Totten, S. M., Davis, J. C. C., Barratt, M. J., Cheng, J., Guruge, J., Talcott, M., Bain, J. R., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.024 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Intestine-selective farnesoid X receptor inhibition improves obesity-related metabolic dysfunction
Jiang, C., Xie, C., Lv, Y., Li, J., Krausz, K. W., Shi, J., Brocker, C. N., Desai, D., Amin, S. G., Bisson, W. H., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10166 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Linkage of gut microbiome with cognition in hepatic encephalopathy
Bajaj, J. S., Ridlon, J. M., Hylemon, P. B., Thacker, L. R., Heuman, D. M., Smith, S., Sikaroodi, M., & Gillevet, P. M. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00190.2011 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Song, H., Yoo, Y., Hwang, J., Na, Y.-C., & Kim, H. S. (2016) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.08.021 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
The Gut Microbiota Modulates Energy Metabolism in the Hibernating Brown Bear Ursus arctos
Sommer, F., Ståhlman, M., Ilkayeva, O., Arnemo, J. M., Kindberg, J., Josefsson, J., Newgard, C. B., Fröbert, O., & Bäckhed, F. (2016) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.026 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Self-citationMicrobiota conservation and BMI signatures in adult monozygotic twins
Tims, S., Derom, C., Jonkers, D. M., Vlietinck, R., Saris, W. H., Kleerebezem, M., de Vos, W. M., & Zoetendal, E. G. (2013) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.146 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Mechanism of growth inhibition by free bile acids in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria
Kurdi, P., Kawanishi, K., Mizutani, K., & Yokota, A. (2006) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.188.5.1979-1986.2006 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Maternal high fat diet consumption during the perinatal period programs offspring behavior
Sullivan, E. L., Nousen, E. K., & Chamlou, K. A. (2014) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.07.014 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Connolly, N., Anixt, J., Manning, P., Ping‐I Lin, D., Marsolo, K. A., & Bowers, K. (2016) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1586 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson's disease
Sampson, T. R., Debelius, J. W., Thron, T., Janssen, S., Shastri, G. G., Ilhan, Z. E., Challis, C., Schretter, C. E., Rocha, S., Gradinaru, V., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.018 · Cited by 3,622 · see citing works
Introduction to the human gut microbiota
Thursby, E., & Juge, N. (2017) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20160510 · Cited by 3,600 · see citing works
The impact of dietary fiber on gut microbiota in host health and disease
Makki, K., Deehan, E. C., Walter, J., & Bäckhed, F. (2018) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2018.05.012 · Cited by 2,517 · see citing works
Self-citationThe intestinal microbiota fuelling metabolic inflammation
Tilg, H., Zmora, N., Adolph, T. E., & Elinav, E. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0198-4 · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and intestinal FXR mediate the clinical benefits of metformin
Sun, L., Xie, C., Wang, G., Wu, Y., Wu, Q., Wang, X., Liu, J., Deng, Y., Xia, J., Chen, B., et al. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0222-4 · Cited by 1,011 · see citing works
Enterochromaffin cells are gut chemosensors that couple to sensory neural pathways
Bellono, N. W., Bayrer, J. R., Leitch, D. B., Castro, J., Zhang, C., O’Donnell, T. A., Brierley, S. M., Ingraham, H. A., & Julius, D. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.034 · Cited by 910 · see citing works
Deschasaux, M., Bouter, K. E., Prodan, A., Levin, E., Groen, A. K., Herrema, H., Tremaroli, V., Bakker, G. J., Attaye, I., Pinto-Sietsma, S.-J., et al. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0160-1 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Self-citationSchroeder, B. O., Birchenough, G. M. H., Ståhlman, M., Arike, L., Johansson, M. E. V., Hansson, G. C., & Bäckhed, F. (2018) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.004 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Self-citationHealthspan and lifespan extension by fecal microbiota transplantation into progeroid mice
Bárcena, C., Valdés-Mas, R., Mayoral, P., Garabaya, C., Durand, S., Rodríguez, F., Fernández-García, M. T., Salazar, N., Nogacka, A. M., Garatachea, N., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0504-5 · Cited by 661 · see citing works
The gut microbiome and liver cancer: mechanisms and clinical translation
Yu, L.-X., & Schwabe, R. F. (2017) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.72 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Development of a gut microbe–targeted nonlethal therapeutic to inhibit thrombosis potential
Roberts, A. B., Gu, X., Buffa, J. A., Hurd, A. G., Wang, Z., Zhu, W., Gupta, N., Skye, S. M., Cody, D. B., Levison, B. S., et al. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0128-1 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
Zeng, H., Umar, S., Rust, B., Lazarova, D., & Bordonaro, M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20051214 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Fight them or feed them: How the intestinal mucus layer manages the gut microbiota
Schroeder, B. O. (2019) · Gastroenterology report · doi:10.1093/gastro/goy052 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Self-citationGut Microbiota: An Integral Moderator in Health and Disease
Feng, Q., Chen, W.-D., & Wang, Y.-D. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00151 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Ticinesi, A., Lauretani, F., Milani, C., Nouvenne, A., Tana, C., Del Rio, D., Maggio, M., Ventura, M., & Meschi, T. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9121303 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
<i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i> : friend or foe for human health
Crost, E. H., Coletto, E., Bell, A., & Juge, N. (2023) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fuad014 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota, Immune System, and Bone
D’Amelio, P., & Sassi, F. (2018) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-017-0331-y · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Microbiota-gut-brain axis and the central nervous system
Zhu, X., Han, Y., Du, J., Liu, R., Jin, K., & Yi, W. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.17754 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Jaglin, M., Rhimi, M., Philippe, C., Pons, N., Bruneau, A., Goustard, B., Daugé, V., Maguin, E., Naudon, L., & Rabot, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00216 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Finamore, A., Palmery, M., Bensehaila, S., & Peluso, I. (2017) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2017/3247528 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Gut microbiota changes in the extreme decades of human life: a focus on centenarians
Santoro, A., Ostan, R., Candela, M., Biagi, E., Brigidi, P., Capri, M., & Franceschi, C. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-017-2674-y · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Tryptophan Dietary Impacts Gut Barrier and Metabolic Diseases
Taleb, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02113 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Diet, genetics, and the gut microbiome drive dynamic changes in plasma metabolites
Fujisaka, S., Avila-Pacheco, J., Soto, M., Kostic, A., Dreyfuss, J. M., Pan, H., Ussar, S., Altindis, E., Li, N., Bry, L., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.060 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
“Over the past decade, it has become clear that one factor affecting systemic metabolism is the composition of the gut microbiota (Le Chatelier et al., 2013; Lynch and Pedersen, 2016; Schroeder and Bäckhed, 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialPeripheral immune system in aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Cao, W., & Zheng, H. (2018) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-018-0284-2 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
AlFadhly, N. K. Z., Alhelfi, N., Altemimi, A. B., Verma, D. K., Cacciola, F., & Narayanankutty, A. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27175584 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Outside in: Unraveling the Role of Neuroinflammation in the Progression of Parkinson's Disease
Troncoso-Escudero, P., Parra, A., Nassif, M., & Vidal, R. L. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00860 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Raw meat based diet influences faecal microbiome and end products of fermentation in healthy dogs
Sandri, M., Dal Monego, S., Conte, G., Sgorlon, S., & Stefanon, B. (2016) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-017-0981-z · Cited by 185 · see citing works
The Milieu Intérieur Consortium, Scepanovic, P., Hodel, F., Mondot, S., Partula, V., Byrd, A., Hammer, C., Alanio, C., Bergstedt, J., Patin, E., et al. (2019) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-019-0747-x · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders
Zheng, Y., Bonfili, L., Wei, T., & Eleuteri, A. M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15214631 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Gut–Liver Axis: How Do Gut Bacteria Influence the Liver?
Konturek, P. C., Harsch, I. A., Konturek, K., Schink, M., Konturek, T., Neurath, M. F., & Zopf, Y. (2018) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci6030079 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Zeng, X., Li, X., Li, X., Wei, C., Shi, C., Hu, K., Kong, D., Luo, Q., Xu, Y., Shan, W., et al. (2023) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2022017514 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Age-related shifts in gut microbiota contribute to cognitive decline in aged rats
Li, Y., Ning, L., Yin, Y., Wang, R., Zhang, Z., Hao, L., Wang, B., Zhao, X., Yang, X., Yin, L., et al. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.103093 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Novince, C. M., Whittow, C. R., Aartun, J. D., Hathaway, J. D., Poulides, N., Chavez, M. B., Steinkamp, H. M., Kirkwood, K. A., Huang, E., Westwater, C., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06126-x · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Huang, Z., Wang, J., Xu, X., Wang, H., Qiao, Y., Chu, W. C., Xu, S., Chai, L., Cottier, F., Pavelka, N., et al. (2019) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0381-1 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
KUWAHARA, A., MATSUDA, K., KUWAHARA, Y., ASANO, S., INUI, T., & MARUNAKA, Y. (2020) · Biomedical Research · doi:10.2220/biomedres.41.199 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The role of the gut microbiota in the metabolism of polyphenols as characterized by gnotobiotic mice
Pasinetti, G. M., Singh, R., Westfall, S., Herman, F., Faith, J., & Ho, L. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-171151 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development and homeostasis
Collins, A., Mitchell, C. A., & Passegué, E. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20201545 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The Gut Microbiome and Individual-Specific Responses to Diet
Leshem, A., Segal, E., & Elinav, E. (2020) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00665-20 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Virili, C., & Centanni, M. (2017) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.053 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Oral microbiome alterations of healthy volunteers with proton pump inhibitor
Mishiro, T., Oka, K., Kuroki, Y., Takahashi, M., Tatsumi, K., Saitoh, T., Tobita, H., Ishimura, N., Sato, S., Ishihara, S., et al. (2018) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.14040 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Incretins in obesity and diabetes
Chia, C. W., & Egan, J. M. (2020) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14211 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The connection between microbiome and schizophrenia
Golofast, B., & Vales, K. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.011 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Gut microbiota dysbiosis enhances migraine-like pain via TNFα upregulation
Tang, Y., Liu, S., Shu, H., Yanagisawa, L., & Tao, F. (2020) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-019-01721-7 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Mechanisms of the intestinal and urinary microbiome in kidney stone disease
Miller, A. W., Penniston, K. L., Fitzpatrick, K., Agudelo, J., Tasian, G., & Lange, D. (2022) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/s41585-022-00647-5 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Bromberg, J. S., Hittle, L., Xiong, Y., Saxena, V., Smyth, E. M., Li, L., Zhang, T., Wagner, C., Fricke, W. F., Simon, T., et al. (2018) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.121045 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., Pan, Y., Zeng, B., Zheng, X., Wang, H., Shen, X., Li, H., Jiang, Q., Zhao, J., Meng, Z.-X., et al. (2019) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/s41422-019-0190-3 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Personalized dietary management of overweight and obesity based on measures of insulin and glucose
Hjorth, M. F., Zohar, Y., Hill, J. O., & Astrup, A. (2018) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051606 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Oral, Nasal, and Gut Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease
Li, Z., Lu, G., Luo, E., Wu, B., Li, Z., Guo, J., Xia, Z., Zheng, C., Su, Q., Zeng, Y., et al. (2022) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.10.011 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Metabolic alterations in plasma from patients with familial and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Yakhine-Diop, S. M. S., Morales-García, J. A., Niso-Santano, M., González-Polo, R. A., Uribe-Carretero, E., Martinez-Chacon, G., Durand, S., Maiuri, M. C., Aiastui, A., Zulaica, M., et al. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.103992 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Huang, P., Wang, X., Wang, S., Wu, Z., Zhou, Z., Shao, G., Ren, C., Kuang, M., Zhou, Y., Jiang, A., et al. (2022) · Current Research in Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.011 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Lyte, M., Villageliú, D. N., Crooker, B. A., & Brown, D. R. (2018) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13589 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Ma, Y., Nenkov, M., Chen, Y., & Gaßler, N. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25158352 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Aliberti, S. M., & Capunzo, M. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17040722 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Dysbiosis—an imbalance in microbial composition—has been linked to age-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and systemic inflammation, emphasizing the microbiome’s role in longevity and disease prevention [98].”
Giri, P., Hu, F., La Gamma, E. F., & Nankova, B. B. (2019) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-018-0270-y · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Schroeder, B. O., & Bäckhed, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Bäckhed, Fredrik
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1079-1089
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- OpenAlex
- W2527872371
- Cited by
- 1,409
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 90 · 2025: 117 · 2024: 177 · 2023: 161 · 2022: 172 · 2021: 201 · 2020: 153 · 2019: 134 · 2018: 107 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 10.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Västra Götalandsregionen
- Hjärt-Lungfonden
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF13OC0008163)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolites, gut-brain axis, host metabolism, immune system, neurodevelopmental disorders, obesity, inflammatory diseases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review