The kinesin‐like proteins, KAC1/2, regulate actin dynamics underlying chloroplast light‐avoidance in Physcomitrella patens
Open accessAbstract
In plants, light determines chloroplast position; these organelles show avoidance and accumulation responses in high and low fluence‐rate light, respectively. Chloroplast motility in response to light is driven by cytoskeletal elements. The actin cytoskeleton mediates chloroplast photorelocation responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. In contrast, in the moss Physcomitrella patens, both, actin filaments and microtubules can transport chloroplasts. Because of the surprising evidence that two kinesin‐like proteins (called KACs) are important for actin‐dependent chloroplast photorelocation in vascular plants, we wanted to determine the cytoskeletal system responsible for the function of these proteins in moss. We performed gene‐specific silencing using RNA interference in P. patens. We confirmed existing reports using gene knockouts, that PpKAC1 and PpKAC2 are required for chloroplast dispersion under uniform white light conditions, and that the two proteins are functionally equivalent. To address the specific cytoskeletal elements responsible for motility, this loss‐of‐function approach was combined with cytoskeleton‐targeted drug studies. We found that, in P. patens, these KACs mediate the chloroplast light‐avoidance response in an actin filament‐dependent, rather than a microtubule‐dependent manner. Using correlation‐decay analysis of cytoskeletal dynamics, we found that PpKAC stabilizes cortical actin filaments, but has no effect on microtubule dynamics.
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The kac1 kac2 double mutant plant did not contain CP-actin filaments, and chloroplasts were shed from the plasma membrane.
“The kac1 kac2 double mutant plant did not contain CP-actin filaments, and chloroplasts were shed from the plasma membrane”
From The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants (2022) · cites this paper as Shen et al., 2015
The Introduction (page unavailable) reports that a KAC1/KAC2 double knockout causes chloroplasts to cluster in the center of moss cells, consistent with a role in anchoring them to the plasma membrane. The Results (page unavailable) confirm clustering in double-knockdown plants. Neither passage establishes that chloroplasts were shed from the membrane, and the paper does not report that CP-actin filaments were absent. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Suetsugu, N., Higa, T., Gotoh, E., & Wada, M. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157429 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants
Xin, G.-Y., Li, L.-P., Wang, P.-T., Li, X.-Y., Han, Y.-J., & Zhao, X. (2022) · Stress Biology · doi:10.1007/s44154-022-00066-x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shen, Z., Liu, Y., Bibeau, J. P., Lemoi, K. P., Tüzel, E., & Vidali, L.
- Affiliations
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vidali, Luis
- Venue
- Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 106-119
- ISSN
- 0577-7496 (ISSN-L)
- 1672-9072
- 1744-7909
- OpenAlex
- W1511601658
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 3.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Integrative Plant Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eppley Foundation for Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Keywords
- kinesin-like protein, actin cytoskeleton, microtubules, cortical actin filaments, actin dynamics, bryophytes, Physcomitrella patens
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Chloroplasts, Light, Actin Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Movement, Plant Proteins, Kinesins, Bryopsida, Gene Knockdown Techniques
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