Melatonin prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle
Abstract
Melatonin has a number of beneficial metabolic actions and reduced levels of melatonin may contribute to type 2 diabetes. The present study investigated the metabolic pathways involved in the effects of melatonin on mitochondrial function and insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle. The effect of melatonin was tested both in vitro in isolated rats skeletal muscle cells and in vivo using pinealectomized rats (PNX). Insulin resistance was induced in vitro by treating primary rat skeletal muscle cells with palmitic acid for 24 hr. Insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake was reduced by palmitic acid followed by decreased phosphorylation of AKT which was prevented my melatonin. Palmitic acid reduced mitochondrial respiration, genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and the levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates whereas melatonin counteracted all these parameters in insulin‐resistant cells. Melatonin treatment increases CAMK II and p‐CREB but had no effect on p‐AMPK. Silencing of CREB protein by si RNA reduced mitochondrial respiration mimicking the effect of palmitic acid and prevented melatonin‐induced increase in p‐AKT in palmitic acid‐treated cells. PNX rats exhibited mild glucose intolerance, decreased energy expenditure and decreased p‐AKT, mitochondrial respiration, and p‐CREB and PGC‐1 alpha levels in skeletal muscle which were restored by melatonin treatment in PNX rats. In summary, we showed that melatonin could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance via activation of CREB‐PGC‐1 alpha pathway. Thus, the present work shows that melatonin play an important role in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function which could explain some of the beneficial effects of melatonin in insulin resistance states.
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Melatonin provokes the IRS1-PI3K-PKC route to improve glucose absorption in skeletal muscle.
“It also provokes the IRS1-PI3K-PKC route to improve glucose absorption in skeletal muscle. 24”
From Melatonin supplementation improves glycemic hemostasis, lipid profile, and adipokine concentrations of obese women: A double-blind randomized clinical trial (2024) · cites this paper as [24]
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“Our results showed a remarkable decrement in insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR, but no notable following adjustments were done for confounders which are consistent with former animal 9,11,24 and clinical research.”
- Authors
- Teodoro, B. G., Baraldi, F. G., Sampaio, I. H., Bomfim, L. H. M., Queiroz, A. L., Passos, M. A., Carneiro, E. M., Alberici, L. C., Gomis, R., Amaral, F. G., Cipolla‐Neto, J., Araújo, M. B., Lima, T., Akira Uyemura, S., Silveira, L. R., & Vieira, E.
- Affiliations
- Federal Institute of São Paulo (BR)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto University of Sao Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Barcelona Spain
- Núcleo Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos (NPPNS) Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Silveira, Leonardo R.
- Vieira, Elaine
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Pineal Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-07-22
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 155-167
- ISSN
- 0742-3098 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-079X
- OpenAlex
- W1987975373
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 6.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Pineal Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de São Paulo - FAPESP
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (2010-19527)
- Government of Catalonia (1426)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- melatonin, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, mitochondrial dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, CREB, PGC-1α, Akt phosphorylation, palmitic acid, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial biogenesis, TCA cycle, pinealectomy, glucose uptake
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Citric Acid Cycle, Glucose Tolerance Test, Insulin Resistance, Male, Melatonin, Oxygen Consumption, Signal Transduction, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats
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