Epidemiology of Low Back Pain in Adults

Grading the severity of chronic pain

Von Korff, M., Ormel, J., Keefe, F. J., & Dworkin, S. F. (1992) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(92)90154-4 · Cited by 3,022

A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain

Hoy, D., Bain, C., Williams, G., March, L., Brooks, P., Blyth, F., Woolf, A., Vos, T., & Buchbinder, R. (2012) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.34347 · Cited by 3,005

The Economic Costs of Pain in the United States

Gaskin, D. J., & Richard, P. (2012) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2012.03.009 · Cited by 2,359

A systematic review of low back pain cost of illness studies in the United States and internationally

Dagenais, S., Caro, J., & Haldeman, S. (2008) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.005 · Cited by 2,046

Expenditures and health status among adults with back and neck problems

Martin, B. I. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.6.656 · Cited by 1,531

The economic burden of back pain in the UK

Maniadakis, N., & Gray, A. (2000) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00187-6 · Cited by 1,510

The Rising Prevalence of Chronic Low Back Pain

Freburger, J. K., Holmes, G. M., Agans, R. P., Jackman, A. M., Darter, J. D., Wallace, A. S., Castel, L. D., Kalsbeek, W. D., & Carey, T. S. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2008.543 · Cited by 1,507

Opioid Epidemic in the United States

Manchikanti, L. (2012) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/es9 · Cited by 1,180

Back Pain Prevalence and Visit Rates: Estimates From U.S. National Surveys, 2002

Deyo, R. A., Mirza, S. K., & Martin, B. I. (2006) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000244618.06877.cd · Cited by 985

An epidemiologic comparison of pain complaints

Von Korff, M., Dworkin, S. F., Le Resche, L., & Kruger, A. (1988) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90066-8 · Cited by 968

Estimates and Patterns of Direct Health Care Expenditures Among Individuals With Back Pain in the United States

Luo, X., Pietrobon, R., X Sun, S., Liu, G. G., & Hey, L. (2004) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000105527.13866.0f · Cited by 840

Overtreating chronic back pain: time to back off?

Deyo, R. A., Mirza, S. K., Turner, J. A., & Martin, B. I. (2009) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2009.01.080102 · Cited by 796

Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Scope, and Impact of Spinal Pain

Manchikanti, L. (2009) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35 · Cited by 721

Low back pain: what is the long-term course? A review of studies of general patient populations

Hestbaek, L., Leboeuf-Yde, C., & Manniche, C. (2003) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-002-0508-5 · Cited by 646

Economic Burden of Occupational Injury and Illness in the United States: U.S. Economic Burden of Occupational Injury and Illness

LEIGH, J. P. (2011) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2011.00648.x · Cited by 619

Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPP), I: Terminology, clinical presentation, and prevalence

Wu, W. H., Meijer, O. G., Uegaki, K., Mens, J. M. A., van Dieën, J. H., Wuisman, P. I. J. M., & Östgaard, H. C. (2004) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-003-0615-y · Cited by 588

Determinants of Lumbar Disc Degeneration: A Study Relating Lifetime Exposures and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Identical Twins

Battié, M. C., Videman, T., Gibbons, L. E., Fisher, L. D., Manninen, H., & Gill, K. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199512150-00001 · Cited by 557

Occupational Injury and Illness in the United States: Estimates of Costs, Morbidity, and Mortality

Leigh, J. P. (1997) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1997.00440350063006 · Cited by 508

The Impact of Comorbidity of Mental and Physical Conditions on Role Disability in the US Adult Household Population

Merikangas, K. R., Ames, M., Cui, L., Stang, P. E., Ustun, T. B., Von Korff, M., & Kessler, R. C. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.10.1180 · Cited by 464

Prevalence and Predictors of Intense, Chronic, and Disabling Neck and Back Pain in the UK General Population

Webb, R. T., Brammah, T., Lunt, M., Urwin, M., Allison, T., & Symmons, D. P. M. (2003) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000067430.49169.01 · Cited by 451

Trends in Health Care Expenditures, Utilization, and Health Status Among US Adults With Spine Problems, 1997–2006

Martin, B. I., Turner, J. A., Mirza, S. K., Lee, M. J., Comstock, B. A., & Deyo, R. A. (2009) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e3181b1fad1 · Cited by 419

The Saskatchewan Health and Back Pain Survey: The Prevalence of Low Back Pain and Related Disability in Saskatchewan Adults

Cassidy, J. D., Carroll, L. J., & Côté, P. (1998) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199809010-00012 · Cited by 419

Newest Knowledge of Low Back Pain A Critical Look

NACHEMSON, A. L. (1992) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199206000-00003 · Cited by 397

Lifestyle and Low-Back Pain: The Influence of Smoking and Obesity

DEYO, R. A., & BASS, J. E. (1989) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198905000-00005 · Cited by 388

American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP) Guidelines for Responsible Opioid Prescribing in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: Part 2 - Guidance

ASIPP, A. (2012) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/s67 · Cited by 386

Does back pain prevalence really decrease with increasing age? A systematic review

Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., & Croft, P. R. (2006) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afj055 · Cited by 384

Back Pain in the German Adult Population: Prevalence, Severity, and Sociodemographic Correlates in a Multiregional Survey

Schmidt, C. O., Raspe, H., Pfingsten, M., Hasenbring, M., Basler, H. D., Eich, W., & Kohlmann, T. (2007) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318133fad8 · Cited by 379

The Twin Spine Study: Contributions to a changing view of disc degeneration†

Battié, M. C., Videman, T., Kaprio, J., Gibbons, L. E., Gill, K., Manninen, H., Saarela, J., & Peltonen, L. (2009) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2008.11.011 · Cited by 367

Incidence and Course of Low Back Pain Episodes in the General Population

Cassidy, J. D., Côté, P., Carroll, L. J., & Kristman, V. (2005) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000190448.69091.53 · Cited by 354

The Prevalence of Low Back Pain in the Elderly: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Bressler, H. B., Keyes, W. J., Rochon, P. A., & Badley, E. (1999) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199909010-00011 · Cited by 350

Low Back Pain in Australian Adults: The Economic Burden

Walker, B. F., Muller, R., & Grant, W. D. (2003) · Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/101053950301500202 · Cited by 348

The frequency, trajectories and predictors of adolescent recurrent pain: A population-based approach

Stanford, E. A., Chambers, C. T., Biesanz, J. C., & Chen, E. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.032 · Cited by 338

Relationship Between Early Opioid Prescribing for Acute Occupational Low Back Pain and Disability Duration, Medical Costs, Subsequent Surgery and Late Opioid Use

Webster, B. S., Verma, S. K., & Gatchel, R. J. (2007) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318145a731 · Cited by 327

Psychologic Distress and Low Back Pain: Evidence From a Prospective Study in the General Population

Croft, P. R., Papageorgiou, A. C., Ferry, S., Thomas, E., Jayson, M. I. V., & Silman, A. J. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199512150-00015 · Cited by 324

Prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among office workers

Janwantanakul, P., Pensri, P., Jiamjarasrangsri, V., & Sinsongsook, T. (2008) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqn072 · Cited by 322

Body Weight and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Literature Review of 56 Journal Articles Reporting on 65 Epidemiologic Studies

Leboeuf-Yde, C. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200001150-00015 · Cited by 315

Chronic Pain Conditions and Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: An Epidemiologic Perspective

Ratcliffe, G. E., Enns, M. W., Belik, S.-L., & Sareen, J. (2008) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31815ca2a3 · Cited by 304

Biomechanical and psychosocial risk factors for low back pain at work

(2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.7.1069 · Cited by 300

Low Back Pain in Primary Care: Costs of Care and Prediction of Future Health Care Utilization

Becker, A., Held, H., Redaelli, M., Strauch, K., Chenot, J. F., Leonhardt, C., Keller, S., Baum, E., Pfingsten, M., Hildebrandt, J., et al. (2010) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e3181cd656f · Cited by 290

Factors defining care‐seeking in low back pain – A meta‐analysis of population based surveys

Ferreira, M. L., Machado, G., Latimer, J., Maher, C., Ferreira, P. H., & Smeets, R. J. (2010) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.11.005 · Cited by 272

Back Pain Exacerbations and Lost Productive Time Costs in United States Workers

Ricci, J. A., Stewart, W. F., Chee, E., Leotta, C., Foley, K., & Hochberg, M. C. (2006) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000249521.61813.aa · Cited by 266

Epidemiology of chronic pain: A population-based nationwide study on its prevalence, characteristics and associated disability in Portugal

Azevedo, L. F., Costa-Pereira, A., Mendonça, L., Dias, C. C., & Castro-Lopes, J. M. (2012) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2012.05.012 · Cited by 264

Back pain among workers in the United States: National estimates and workers at high risk

Guo, H., Tanaka, S., Cameron, L. L., Seligman, P. J., Behrens, V. J., Ger, J., Wild, D. K., & Putz‐Anderson, V. (1995) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.4700280504 · Cited by 261

Employment and Physical Work Activities as Predictors of Future Low Back Pain

Macfarlane, G. J., Thomas, E., Papageorgiou, A. C., Croft, P. R., Jayson, M. I. V., & Silman, A. J. (1997) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199705150-00015 · Cited by 253

The Saskatchewan Health and Back Pain survey : The prevalence of low Back Pain and related disability in Saskatchewan adults. Point of view

Cassidy, J. D., Carroll, L., Côté, P., & Heliövaara, M. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 252

Smoking and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Literature Review of 41 Journal Articles Reporting 47 Epidemiologic Studies

Leboeuf–Yde, C. (1999) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199907150-00012 · Cited by 244

After an Episode of Acute Low Back Pain, Recurrence Is Unpredictable and Not as Common as Previously Thought

Stanton, T. R., Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Latimer, J., & McAuley, J. H. (2008) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31818a3167 · Cited by 234

“What do you expect? You're just getting older”: A comparison of perceived osteoarthritis‐related and aging‐related health experiences in middle‐ and older‐age adults

Gignac, M. A. M., Davis, A. M., Hawker, G., Wright, J. G., Mahomed, N., Fortin, P. R., & Badley, E. M. (2006) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.22338 · Cited by 219

The Impact of Body Mass Index on the Prevalence of Low Back Pain: The HUNT Study

Heuch, I., Hagen, K., Heuch, I., Nygaard, Ø., & Zwart, J.-A. (2010) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e3181ba1531 · Cited by 210

The Intensity of Work Recovery in Low Back Pain

ANDERSSON, G. B. J., SVENSSON, H., & ODÉN, A. (1983) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198311000-00011 · Cited by 209

The association of comorbidities, utilization and costs for patients identified with low back pain

Ritzwoller, D. P., Crounse, L., Shetterly, S., & Rublee, D. (2006) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-7-72 · Cited by 208

Are fear-avoidance beliefs related to the inception of an episode of back pain? A prospective study

Linton, S. J., Buer, N., Vlaeyen, J., & Hellsing, A.-L. (2000) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/08870440008407366 · Cited by 207

Low back pain, lifestyle factors and physical activity: A population based-study

Dijken, C., Fjellman-Wiklund, A., & Hildingsson, C. (2008) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/16501977-0273 · Cited by 205

The association between physical activity and neck and low back pain: a systematic review

Sitthipornvorakul, E., Janwantanakul, P., Purepong, N., Pensri, P., & van der Beek, A. J. (2011) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1630-4 · Cited by 191

Opioids for Back Pain Patients: Primary Care Prescribing Patterns and Use of Services

Deyo, R. A., Smith, D. H. M., Johnson, E. S., Donovan, M., Tillotson, C. J., Yang, X., Petrik, A. F., & Dobscha, S. K. (2011) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2011.06.100232 · Cited by 182

Management of low back pain

Cohen, S. P., Argoff, C. E., & Carragee, E. J. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a2718 · Cited by 181

Direct Costs of Opioid Abuse in an Insured Population in the United States

White, A. G., Birnbaum, H. G., Mareva, M. N., Daher, M., Vallow, S., Schein, J., & Katz, N. (2005) · Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy · doi:10.18553/jmcp.2005.11.6.469 · Cited by 180

More data on major depression as an antecedent risk factor for first onset of chronic back pain

CURRIE, S. R., & WANG, J. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291705004952 · Cited by 176

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Low Back Pain and Pelvic Girdle Pain During Pregnancy: A Multicenter Study Conducted in the Spanish National Health Service

Kovacs, F. M., Garcia, E., Royuela, A., González, L., & Abraira, V. (2012) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31824dcb74 · Cited by 176

Socio-economic differences in the prevalence of acute, chronic and disabling chronic pain among ageing employees

Saastamoinen, P., Leino-Arjas, P., Laaksonen, M., & Lahelma, E. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.033 · Cited by 168

Risk factors for new-onset low back pain amongst cohorts of newly employed workers

Harkness, E. F. (2003) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keg265 · Cited by 168

Are Lumbar Spine Reoperation Rates Falling With Greater Use of Fusion Surgery and New Surgical Technology?

Martin, B. I., Mirza, S. K., Comstock, B. A., Gray, D. T., Kreuter, W., & Deyo, R. A. (2007) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318145a56a · Cited by 162

Do psychological factors increase the risk for back pain in the general population in both a cross‐sectional and prospective analysis?

Linton, S. J. (2005) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.08.002 · Cited by 162

The course of low back pain in a general population. results from a 5-year prospective study

Hestbaek, L., Leboeuf-Yde, C., Engberg, M., Lauritzen, T., Bruun, N. H., & Manniche, C. (2003) · Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0161-4754(03)00006-x · Cited by 160

Functional limitations and disability among elders in the Framingham Study.

Kelly‐Hayes, M., Jette, A. M., Wolf, P. A., D’Agostino, R. B., & Odell, P. M. (1992) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.82.6.841 · Cited by 156

Similarities in degenerative findings on magnetic resonance images of the lumbar spines of identical twins.

Battié, M. C., Haynor, D. R., Fisher, L. D., Gill, K., Gibbons, L. E., & Videman, T. (1995) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-199511000-00004 · Cited by 153

Effectiveness of Long-Term Opioid Therapy for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain

Manchikanti, L., Vallejo, R., Manchikanti, K. N., Benyamin, R. M., Datta, S., & Christo, P. J. (2011) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2011/14/e133 · Cited by 149

Clinical Course in Patients Seeking Primary Care for Back or Neck Pain: A Prospective 5-Year Follow-Up of Outcome and Health Care Consumption with Subgroup Analysis

Enthoven, P., Skargren, E. I., & Öberg, B. E. (2004) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000143025.84471.79 · Cited by 148

To What Extent Do Current and Past Physical and Psychosocial Occupational Factors Explain Care-Seeking for Low Back Pain in a Working Population?

Vingård, E., Alfredsson, L. S., Hagberg, M., Kilbom, Å., Theorell, T., Waldenström, M., Tornqvist, E. W., Wiktorin, C., & Hogstedt, C. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200002150-00017 · Cited by 148

Interventions for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy

Pennick, V., & Young, G. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001139.pub2 · Cited by 139

A systematic review of the relation between physical capacity and future low back and neck/shoulder pain

Reenen, H. H. H.-V., Ariëns, G. A., Blatter, B. M., van Mechelen, W., & Bongers, P. M. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.11.004 · Cited by 138

Socioeconomic influences on back problems in the community in Britain.

Croft, P. R., & Rigby, A. S. (1994) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.48.2.166 · Cited by 134

The Association between Obesity and the Prevalence of Low Back Pain in Young Adults: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Shiri, R., Solovieva, S. A., Husgafvel‐Pursiainen, K., TAIMELA, S. P., Saarikoski, L. A., Huupponen, R., Viikari, J., Raitakari, O. T., & Viikari-Juntura, E. R. A. (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwn007 · Cited by 133

A historical perspective on pregnancy-related low back and/or pelvic girdle pain

Bastiaanssen, J. M., de Bie, R. A., Bastiaenen, C. H. G., Essed, G. G. M., & van den Brandt, P. A. (2005) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.11.021 · Cited by 129

An Epidemiologic Study of Episodes of Back Pain Care

Shekelle, P. G., Markovich, M., & Louie, R. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199508000-00004 · Cited by 122

Influence of Smoking on the Health Status of Spinal Patients: The National Spine Network Database

Vogt, M. T., Hanscom, B. S., Lauerman, W. C., & Kang, J. D. (2002) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200202010-00022 · Cited by 120

Risk factors for new episodes of sick leave due to neck or back pain in a working population. A prospective study with an 18-month and a three-year follow-up

Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Bertilsson, H., & Jensen, I. B. (2006) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.2006.026583 · Cited by 117

Depressive disorder as a long-term antecedent risk factor for incident back pain: a 13-year follow-up study from the Baltimore Epidemiological Catchment Area Sample

LARSON, S. L., Clark, M. R., & Eaton, W. W. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703001041 · Cited by 116

Prevalence and comorbidity of chronic pain in the German general population

Ohayon, M. M., & Stingl, J. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.001 · Cited by 115

Cardiovascular risk factors for physician-diagnosed lumbar disc herniation

Jhawar, B. S., Fuchs, C. S., Colditz, G. A., & Stampfer, M. J. (2006) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.016 · Cited by 114

Psychological Questionnaires: Do “Abnormal” Scores Precede or Follow First-time Low Back Pain?

Mannion, A. F., Dolan, P., & Adams, M. A. (1996) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199611150-00010 · Cited by 113

Relationship between psychological factors and performance-based and self-reported disability in chronic low back pain

Preuper, H. R. S., Reneman, M. F., Boonstra, A. M., Dijkstra, P. U., Versteegen, G. J., Geertzen, J. H. B., & Brouwer, S. (2008) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-008-0772-0 · Cited by 113

Utilization of Interventional Techniques in Managing Chronic Pain in the Medicare Population: Analysis of Growth Patterns from 2000 to 2011

Manchikanti, L., Falco, F. J. E., Singh, V., Pampati, V., Parr, A. T., Benyamin, R. M., Fellows, B., & Hirsch, J. A. (2012) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2012/15/e969 · Cited by 113

Epidemiology of Back Pain in a Representative Cohort of Italian Persons 65 Years of Age and Older: The InCHIANTI Study

Cecchi, F., Debolini, P. L., Lova, R. M., Macchi, C., Bandinelli, S., Bartali, B., Lauretani, F., Benvenuti, E., Hicks, G. E., & Ferrucci, L. (2006) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000216606.24142.e1 · Cited by 111

Prognostic Factors for Recovery in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review

Verkerk, K., Luijsterburg, P. A. J., Miedema, H. S., Pool‐Goudzwaard, A., & Koes, B. W. (2012) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20110388 · Cited by 111

Do patients with chronic low back pain have an altered level and/or pattern of physical activity compared to healthy individuals? A systematic review of the literature

Griffin, D. W., Harmon, D. C., & Kennedy, N. (2011) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2011.04.350 · Cited by 108

Psychosocial and physical risk factors associated with low back pain: a 24 year follow up among women and men in a broad range of occupations.

Thorbjörnsson, C., Alfredsson, L. S., Fredriksson, K., Köster, M., Michélsen, H., Vingård, E., Torgén, M., & Kilbom, Å. (1998) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.55.2.84 · Cited by 107

Advancements in the Management of Spine Disorders

Haldeman, S., Kopansky-Giles, D. R., Hurwitz, E. L., Hoy, D. G., Erwin, W. M., Dagenais, S., Kawchuk, G. N., Strömqvist, B., & Walsh, N. E. (2012) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/j.berh.2012.03.006 · Cited by 104

Low Back Pain and Lifestyle

Leboeuf‐Yde, C., Kyvik, K. O., & Bruun, N. H. (1998) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199810150-00012 · Cited by 104

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of low-back pain and related disability with psychological distress among patients enrolled in the UCLA Low-Back Pain Study

Hurwitz, E. L., Morgenstern, H., & Yu, F. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(03)00010-6 · Cited by 103

Occupational Disease and Workers' Compensation: Coverage, Costs, and Consequences

Leigh, J. P., & Robbins, J. A. (2004) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.0887-378x.2004.00328.x · Cited by 98

Individuals with chronic low back pain have greater difficulty in engaging in positive lifestyle behaviours than those without back pain: An assessment of health literacy

Briggs, A. M., Jordan, J. M., O’Sullivan, P., Buchbinder, R., Burnett, A., Osborne, R. H., & Straker, L. M. (2011) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-12-161 · Cited by 83

Chronicity of Back Problems During Working Life

Miedema, H. S., Chorus, A. M. J., Wevers, C., & van der Linden, S. (1998) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199809150-00020 · Cited by 83

Development of and recovery from long-term pain. A 6-year follow-up study of a cross-section of the adult Danish population

Eriksen, J., Ekholm, O., Sjøgren, P., & Rasmussen, N. K. (2004) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2003.12.018 · Cited by 80

The Influence of Previous Low Back Trouble, General Health, and Working Conditions on Future Sick-Listing Because of Low Back Trouble

Müller, C. F., Monrad, T., Biering‐Sørensen, F., et al. (1999) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199908010-00010 · Cited by 61

The Societal Costs of Low Back Pain

Asche, C. V., Kirkness, C. S., McAdam‐Marx, C., & Fritz, J. M. (2007) · Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1300/j354v21n04_06 · Cited by 60

Medicare Physician Payment Systems: Impact of 2011 Schedule on Interventional Pain Management

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Is chronic widespread pain a predictor of all-cause morbidity? A 3 year prospective population based study in family practice.

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