Cited by 158Muscle Physiology and DisordersMuscle metabolism and nutritionExercise and Physiological Responses

Response of rat muscle to acute resistance exercise defined by transcriptional and translational profiling

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Chen, Yi‐Wen, Nader, Gustavo A., Baar, Keith R., Fedele, Mark J., Hoffman, Eric P., Esser, Karyn A.·2002·The Journal of Physiology

Abstract

To further understand molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle hypertrophy, expression profiles of translationally and transcriptionally regulated genes were characterized following an acute bout of maximally activated eccentric contractions. Experiments demonstrated that translational mechanisms contribute to acute gene expression changes following high resistance contractions with two candidate mRNAs, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1alpha), targeted to the heavier polysomal fractions after a bout of contractions. Gene profiling was performed using Affymetrix Rat U34A GeneChips with either total RNA or polysomal RNA at one and six hours following contractions. There were 18 genes that changed expression at one hour and 70 genes that were different (60 genes increased:10 genes decreased)at six hours after contractions. The model from this profiling suggests that following high resistance contractions skeletal muscle shares a common growth profile with proliferating cells exposed to serum. This cluster of genes can be classified as "growth" genes and is commonly associated with progression of the cell cycle. However, a unique aspect was that there was induction of a cluster of tumour suppressor or antigrowth genes. We propose that this cluster of "antigrowth" genes is induced by the stress of contractile activity and may act to maintain skeletal muscle in the differentiated state. From the profiling results, further experiments determined that p53 levels increased in skeletal muscle at 6 h following contractions. This novel finding of p53 induction following exercise also demonstrates the power of expression profiling for identification of novel pathways involved in the response to muscle contraction.

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Crossref · 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.021220

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  • Endurance exercise adaptations are believed to be driven primarily by transcriptional responses, whereas the muscle growth adaptation to resistance exercise is driven primarily by changes in translation, in particular by increases in mRNA activity.

    “Whilst endurance exercise adaptations are believed to be driven primarily by transcriptional responses [2,8], the muscle growth adaptation to resistance exercise is driven primarily by changes in translation, in particular by increases in mRNA activity (protein produced per unit of mRNA) [85][86][87].”

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Authors
Chen, Y., Nader, G. A., Baar, K. R., Fedele, M. J., Hoffman, E. P., & Esser, K. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Illinois Chicago (US)
  • Children's National (US)
Corresponding author
Esser, Karyn A.
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2002-11
Volume
545
Issue
1
Pages
27-41
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
OpenAlex
W2166994240
Cited by
158
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
FWCI
4.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Porticus Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 07692-12, T32HL007692)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS29525, R01NS029525)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR 45617, R01AR045617)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
skeletal muscle hypertrophy, resistance training, eccentric contraction, acute exercise response, polysomal RNA, translational regulation, transcriptional regulation, basic fibroblast growth factor, elongation factor 1-alpha, p53, tumor suppressor, myogenesis, gene expression profiling
MeSH terms
Animals, Electric Stimulation, Female, Muscle Contraction, RNA, Messenger, Tissue Distribution, Transcription, Genetic, Protein Biosynthesis, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene Expression Profiling, Rats

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