CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 263Coffee research and impactsSports Performance and TrainingMuscle metabolism and nutrition

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Exercise Testing: A Meta-Analysis

Doherty, Mike, Smith, Paul M.·2004·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
DOI 10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.626
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study used the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of caffeine ingestion on exercise testing. Forty double-blind studies with 76 effect sizes (ES) met the inclusion criteria. The type of exercise test was classified as endurance, graded, or short-term. In comparison with placebo, caffeine improved test outcome by 12.3% (95% CI, 9.1 to 15.4), which was equivalent to an overall ES of 0.41 (95% CI, 0.31 to 0.51). Endurance exercise significantly improved test outcome (P < 0.05) more than either graded or short-term exercise. When exercise protocol was examined, time-to-exhaustion (T lim) protocols had a significantly greater (P < 0.05) ES than either the graded or the non-T lim protocol(s). The results from this meta-analysis confirm the ergogenic effects of caffeine, particularly for endurance testing that use T lim protocols.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.626

Cites

71 of 71 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 263

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Doherty, M., & Smith, P. M.
Affiliations
University of London (GB)
ORCID
Smith, Paul M.
Venue
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Publisher
Human Kinetics
Published
2004-12
Volume
14
Issue
6
Pages
626-646
ISSN
  • 1526-484X (ISSN-L)
  • 1543-2742
DOI
10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.626
OpenAlex
W133690388
Cited by
263
References
71
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
FWCI
2.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Johns Hopkins University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords
caffeine, ergogenic aids, exercise testing, endurance exercise, time to exhaustion, graded exercise, short-term exercise, placebo comparison, caffeine supplementation
MeSH terms
Adult, Caffeine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Physical Endurance, Exercise, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review