Cited by 1,329Motivation and Self-Concept in SportsPhysical Activity and HealthSport Psychology and Performance

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Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Two Validation Studies

Kendzierski, Deborah, DeCarlo, Kenneth J.·1991·Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Abstract

Two studies examined the reliability and validity of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). In Study 1, each subject rode an exercise bicycle under control and external focus conditions. The PACES had high internal consistency in both conditions. As predicted, subjects reported enjoying the exercise more, as measured by the PACES, in the external focus condition. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation in the control condition between subjects' PACES scores and their scores on a measure of boredom proneness. In Study 2, each subject rode an exercise bicycle and jogged on a minitrampoline in separate sessions; each then chose one of these activities for their third session. Again, the PACES had high internal consistency. And, as predicted, there was a significant relationship between subjects' PACES ratings (completed after each activity) and their choices of activity. Test-retest reliability was high for jogging and moderate for bicycling. These studies provide preliminary evidence of the reliability and validity of the PACES.

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Items 601–700 of 1,000

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Zeng, J., Pojskić, H., Xu, J., Xu, Y., & Xu, F. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1181646 · Cited by 17
“The PACES has been found to have high reliability and validity in physical activity environments (Kendzierski and DeCarlo, 1991).”
Background
Physical Activity and Subjective Vitality in Female University Students: The Mediating Role of Decisional Balance and Enjoyment of the Activity
la Torre‐Cruz, M. J. D., Rusillo-Magdaleno, A., Solas-Martínez, J. L., & García, J. E. M. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14080685 · Cited by 12
“A Spanish version of Mullen et al.’s [55] revision of the PACES scale for adults [56] was used.”
Method
Comparing the Effects of a Novel and a Traditional Proprioceptive Balance Training Program on Activity Adherence and Balance Control in a Healthy University Population: A Preliminary Study
Melong, C., & Keats, M. R. (2013) · Games for Health Journal · doi:10.1089/g4h.2013.0042 · Cited by 10
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Improving measurement methods for behavior change interventions: opportunities for innovation
Dunn, A. L., Resnicow, K., & Klesges, L. M. (2006) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyl141 · Cited by 10
“For example, in the paper by Heesch, three scales are evaluated, namely, physical activity enjoyment [28], barriers to physical activity and benefits of physical activity [29].”
Background
Acute effects of exergame-based calisthenics versus traditional calisthenics on state-anxiety levels in young adult men: a randomized trial
da Silva, W. F., Viana, R. B., Morais, N. S., Costa, T. G., Vancini, R. L., Costa, G. D. C. T., Andrade, M. S., & de Lira, C. A. B. (2021) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-021-00841-9 · Cited by 12
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Background
A moderated mediation analysis of children’s physical activity enjoyment
Garn, A. C., Centeio, E. E., Shen, B., Martin, J. J., & McCaughtry, N. (2015) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2015.1092568 · Cited by 10
“The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES; Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991) was used to measure students’ enjoyment of PA. Moore et al. (2009) provided evidence for the suitability of the PACES to measure PA enjoyment in elementary children approximately the same age as the students in this study.”
Method
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Schembri, R., Coppola, R., Tortella, P., et al. (2021) · doi:10.14198/jhse.2021.16.proc2.59 · Cited by 10
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Strategies to improve jump service skills at volleyball student activity unit of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
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Background
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Method
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Straker, L. M., Abbott, R. A., Piek, J. P., Pollock, C. M., Davies, P. S. W., & Smith, A. J. (2009) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-212 · Cited by 9
“retest reliability and construct validity has been demonstrated [72-74].”
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“These include a variationbetween the researchofPAaS experiences such as enjoyment (Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991) and engagement (Hagströmer, Oja, & Sjöström, 2006), or developed personality traits concerning PAaS such as self-efficacy and motivation (Chase, 2001), intrinsic motivation and…”
Background
An examination into the mental and physical effects of a saffron extract (affron®) in recreationally-active adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Lopresti, A. L., & Smith, S. J. (2022) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2022.2083455 · Cited by 9
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Background
How the physical appearance of companions affects females with high or low social physique anxiety: a virtual reality exercise study
Kroon, R., Neumann, D. L., Piatkowski, T. M., & Moffitt, R. L. (2022) · Virtual Reality · doi:10.1007/s10055-022-00676-w · Cited by 14
“Physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES; Kendzierski and DeCarlo 1991): Participants were asked to rate how they felt in that moment regarding the exercise they had just completed utilising a 7-point semantic differential scale (For example, questions include: 1 = I find it pleasurable to 7 = I…”
Method
Shorter Versus Longer Durations of Rowing-Based Interval Exercise Attenuate the Physiological and Perceptual Response
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“After exercise, subjects were seated for 5 min and subsequently completed the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES; Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991) to assess level of enjoyment using participant responses to 18 questions scored on a 1–7 Likert scale.”
Method
Predictors of Long-Term Exercise Engagement in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Role of Physical Activity Enjoyment
Szuhany, K. L., Steinberg, M. H., McLaughlin, N. C. R., Mancebo, M. C., Brown, R. A., Greenberg, B. D., Simon, N. M., & Abrantes, A. M. (2023) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2022.12.010 · Cited by 9
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Poon, E. T., Chan, K. W., Wongpipit, W., Sun, F., & Wong, S. H. (2023) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · doi:10.52082/jssm.2023.532 · Cited by 11
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“Behavioral beliefs representing attitudes towards exercise were measured using the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES; Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991), a = .91.”
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Method
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Nagle, E. F., Robertson, R. J., Jakicic, J. J., Otto, A. D., Ranalli, J., & Chiapetta, L. B. (2007) · International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education · doi:10.25035/ijare.01.01.05 · Cited by 8
“W) was assessed using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), which indicates the extent to which an individual experiences a particular physical activity as enjoyable at a given point in time (Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991).”
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Jansson, A., Sundblad, G. M. B., Lundvall, S., & Norberg, J. R. (2019) · Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science · doi:10.1080/1091367x.2019.1617713 · Cited by 8
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Background
ANALISIS TINGKAT KENIKMATAN BERAKTIFITAS FISIK PESERTA DIDIK PENDIDIKAN JASMANI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN
Mashuri, H. (2019) · JP JOK (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan) · doi:10.33503/jp.jok.v3i1.602 · Cited by 9
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Wiemeyer, J. (2019) · Int. J. Comput. Sci. Sport · doi:10.2478/ijcss-2019-0016 · Cited by 12
“…Examples Assessment (sensors, scales) Reference Emotion: Mood, enjoyment POMS PANAS PACES Leunes & Burger (2000) Watson, Clark & Tellegen (1988) Kendzierski & DeCarlo (1991). motivation SMS Pelletier et al. (1995) Legend: GPS – global positioning system; ECG – Electrocardiogram; HR – heart…”
Preventing Falls Together: Social Identification Matters for Engaging Older Adults in a Group-based Exercise Program
Steckhan, G. M., Warner, L. M., & Fleig, L. (2021) · Activities Adaptation & Aging · doi:10.1080/01924788.2020.1871540 · Cited by 10
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Method
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Waaso, P., Gofton, N., & Zuhl, M. (2022) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs12070224 · Cited by 9
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Method
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Gandrieau, J., Schnitzler, C., Cairney, J., Keegan, R. J., Roberts, W., Barnett, L. M., Bentsen, P., Dudley, D. A., Sum, R. K. W., Venetsanou, F., et al. (2023) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2022.2125927 · Cited by 9
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Stoutenberg, M., Falcon, A. L., Arheart, K. L., Stasi, S., Portacio, F., Stepanenko, B. A., Lan, M. L., Castruccio-Prince, C., & Nackenson, J. (2016) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198116668827 · Cited by 9
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Background
Do intrapersonal factors mediate the association of social support with physical activity in young women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods? A longitudinal mediation analysis
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“[32] A sum score (range = 6–42) was computed for each time point (Cronbach’s α = 0.”
Method
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Centeio, E. E., Somers, C. L., Moore, E. W. G., Garn, A. C., Kulik, N. L., Martin, J. J., Shen, B., & McCaughtry, N. (2019) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431619833493 · Cited by 10
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Method
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“Enjoyment of PA will be measured using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) [49].”
Method
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He, Y., Lee, J., Kim, J., Brodie, M. A. D., Mitri, G., van Schooten, K. S., Lovell, N. H., Lord, S. R., & Okubo, Y. (2025) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2025.105866 · Cited by 9
Goal Orientation and How a Task or Ego Mentality Can Affect the Enjoyment for College Hockey Players
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Method
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BackgroundMethodInfluential
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Gomwe, H., Phiri, L., & Marange, C. S. (2023) · South African Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.4102/sajp.v79i1.1896 · Cited by 8
“We adopted the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), which is an 18-item tool used to measure perceived physical activity enjoyment (Crocker, Bouffard & Gessaroli 1995; Kendzierski & DeCarlo 1991).”
Method
Exergaming in augmented reality is tailor-made for aerobic training and enjoyment among healthy young adults
Philippe, A. G., Goncalves, A., Korchi, K., & Deshayes, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1307382 · Cited by 9
Self-Efficacy and Enjoyment of Middle School Children Performing the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (Pacer)
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“Exercise enjoyment (i.e., PACES) was measured immediately upon completion of the self-effi cacy questionnaire.”
MethodInfluential
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Konstantinidis, E. I., Billis, A. S., Grigoriadou, E., Sidiropoulos, S., Fasnaki, S., & Bamidis, P. D. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30448-4_43 · Cited by 8
Subjective responses to sprint interval exercise in adults with and without Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
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“18 questions to assess the enjoyment experienced during exercise and has demonstrated high reliability and validity (25).”
Background
Exercise behaviour, enjoyment and boredom: A test of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism
Deck, S., Roberts, R., Hall, C. R., & Kouali, D. (2019) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2019.1581830 · Cited by 8
Application of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to exercise behaviour among Macedonian college students
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“The scale which is used to assess how much the respondent enjoys physical activities, is constructed by Kendzierski & DeCarlo (1991).”
Method
Psychometric Characteristics of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale in the Context of Physical Activity in Nature
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“It should be noted that in other studies [41], the factorial structure of the scale was not analyzed, necessitating its future analysis in later works using broader samples.”
Result
Enjoyment and self-reported physical competence according to Body Mass Index: international study in European primary school children
Giuriato, M., Lovecchio, N., Fugiel, J., Sánchez, G. F. L., Pihu, M., & Emeljanovas, A. (2020) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10550-4 · Cited by 10
Multiple short bouts of exercise are better than a single continuous bout for cardiometabolic health: a randomised crossover trial
Shambrook, P., Kingsley, M., Taylor, N. F., Wundersitz, D. W. T., Wundersitz, C. E., & Gordon, B. A. (2020) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04461-y · Cited by 8
Can Gaming Get You Fit?
Berg, J., Wang, A. I., Lydersen, S., & Moholdt, T. T. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01017 · Cited by 11
“…following each exergaming session, all participants filled out three separate questionnaires; the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), the Feelings Scale, and a modified 0–10 Borg-Scale, to assess perceived enjoyment and exertion (Hardy and Rejeski, 1989; Kendzierski and DeCarlo, 1991).”
Method
The Effect of Physical Activity Enjoyment on Physical Activity in Parents of Young Children with Disabilities
Ku, B. (2020) · International Journal of Disability Development and Education · doi:10.1080/1034912x.2020.1849576 · Cited by 8
“…‘the extent to which an individual enjoys doing any given physical activity, regardless of whether the activity is done for exercise or for sports’ (Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991, p. 15), may be a factor that overcomes the barriers experienced by parents of children with disabilities to…”
BackgroundMethod
Tailoring a dissonance-based body image intervention for adult women in a proof of concept trial: The Women’s Body Initiative
Verzijl, C. L., Duan, J. Z. J., Wilfred, S. A., Becker, C. B., & Kilpela, L. S. (2021) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.01.001 · Cited by 9
Differences in Physiological and Perceptual Responses to High Intensity Interval Exercise Between Arm and Leg Cycling
Astorino, T. A., & Emma, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.700294 · Cited by 8
“About 5 min post-exercise, participants were asked to rate the enjoyment of each session using the 18-item Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES; Kendzierski and DeCarlo, 1991), which is widely used in similar studies studying how acute exercise modifies enjoyment recorded post-exercise (Jung et al.”
Method
Physiological and Perceptual Responses to Single-player vs. Multiplayer Exergaming
Campo, A. S., Wang, A. I., Moholdt, T. T., & Berg, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2022.903300 · Cited by 9
A pilot observational study of a psychotherapy incorporating equines resiliency intervention for staff at a large medical center
Marchand, W. R., & Sullivan-Sakaeda, L. (2022) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101660 · Cited by 8
The Relationship Between Weight Stigmatization, Avoidance, Enjoyment and Participation in Physical Activity and Sport, and Psychological Distress
Bevan, N., O'Brien, C. K. S., Latner, J. D., Vandenberg, B., Jeanes, R., & Lin, C. (2023) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.47.2.15 · Cited by 8
Comparison of traditional vs. lighter load strength training on fat-free mass, strength, power and affective responses in middle and older-aged adults: A pilot randomized trial
Balachandran, A. T., Wang, Y., Szabo, F., Watts-Battey, C., Schoenfeld, B. J., Zenko, Z., & Quiles, N. N. (2023) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112219 · Cited by 14
“During the final workout week, participants completed the 18-item Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) to assess physical activity enjoyment (Kendzierski and DeCarlo, 1991).”
Development and initial validation of the German version of the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ-G)
Manser, P., Huber, S. K., Seinsche, J., de Bruin, E. D., & Giannouli, E. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0286556 · Cited by 8
Identifying Combinations of Risk and Protective Factors Predicting Physical Activity Change in High School Students
Dunton, G. F., Atienza, A. A., Tscherne, J., & Rodriguez, D. (2011) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.23.1.106 · Cited by 8
Effect of combining pre‐exercise carbohydrate intake and repeated short sprints on the blood glucose response to moderate‐intensity exercise in young individuals with Type 1 diabetes
Soon, W. H. K., Guelfi, K. J., Davis, E. A., et al. (2019) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.13914 · Cited by 8
Promoting healthy ageing through light volleyball intervention in Hong Kong: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Leung, K. M., Chung, P., Chan, A. W. K., Ransdell, L. B., Siu, P. M., Sun, P., Yang, J., & Chen, T. C. (2020) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-019-0151-7 · Cited by 8
“The Scale was originally developed by Kendzierski and DeCarlo [36].”
Method
Physical Activity Levels, Enjoyment, and Perceptions of Barriers to Physical Activity of Adolescents with Visual Impairments in Turkey
Gür, K., BEYHAN, A., Aktan, Ç., et al. (2020) · Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness · doi:10.1177/0145482x20972206 · Cited by 8
Effects of two different physical education teaching approaches on the levels of enjoyment in the Italian primary school students
Coppola, R., Pignato, S., Sgrò, F., & Lipoma, M. (2020) · Summer Conferences of Sports Science · doi:10.14198/jhse.2020.15.proc4.26 · Cited by 8
Feasibility and efficacy of a multicomponent exercise medicine programme in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (the EXPAN trial): study protocol of a dual-centre, two-armed phase I randomised controlled trial
Luo, H., Galvao, D. A., Newton, R. U., Tang, C., Dean, A. P., Jasas, K., Johansson, M., Yusoff, I. F., Spry, N. A., & Taaffe, D. R. (2021) · BMJ Open Gastroenterology · doi:10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000642 · Cited by 8
Fun to engage or engage to have fun? Study of different teaching formats in Physical Education.
Dieu, O., Llena, C., Joing, I., et al. (2020) · Journal of Physical Education and Sport · doi:10.7752/jpes.2020.03184 · Cited by 8
Levels of Physical Activity, Enjoyment, Self-Efficacy for Exercise, and Social Support Before and After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: a Longitudinal Prospective Observational Study
Imhagen, A., Karlsson, J., Ohlsson‐Nevo, E., Stenberg, E., Jansson, S. P. O., & Hagberg, L. (2023) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-023-06887-7 · Cited by 8
“Enjoyment was measured using the validated Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) [24] modified by Motl et al. [25], consisting of 16 items rated on a 5-point scale.”
BackgroundMethod
No Sex Differences in Perceptual Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training or Sprint Interval Training
Coe, L. N., & Astorino, T. A. (2024) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004738 · Cited by 7
“In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 studies, Hu et al. (25) demonstrated similar PACES between SIT and HIIT.”
MethodInfluential
“It Took Away the Trauma of Failing”: A Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial of an Open Goals Physical Activity Program
Goddard, S. G., Dossetor, J., Barry, S., Lawrence, A., Stevens, C. J., & Swann, C. (2024) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2024.2412661 · Cited by 6
“The PACES has also shown evidence of divergent and convergent validity (Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991).”
Physical and motivational effects of Exergames in healthy adults—A scoping review
Hoffmann, K., Wiemeyer, J., & Martin‐Niedecken, A. L. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0312287 · Cited by 8
Self-selected vs. prescribed aerobic exercise intensity: impacts on pleasure in women with obesity
Silva, C., Santana, W. D. J., Almeida, G., Verame, A. D. S., Doro, A. R., Barbosa, E., Lima, L., Dias, H. M., Zanetti, M. C., & Júnior, A. J. F. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1533785 · Cited by 8
“The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale is an 18-item instrument designed to assess enjoyment during exercise or physical activity (Kendzierski and DeCarlo, 1991).”
Home-Based Nonimmersive Virtual Reality Training After Discharge From Inpatient or Outpatient Stroke Rehabilitation: Parallel Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Sheehy, L., Taillon‐Hobson, A., Sveistrup, H., Bilodeau, M., Yang, C. P., Welch, V. A., & Finestone, H. M. (2025) · JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies · doi:10.2196/64729 · Cited by 7
“…[31] was administered during the preassessment and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) (which has satisfactory or better validity and test-retest reliability when administered to older adults) [32,33] was administered at the postassessment to help describe participant samples.”
Effectiveness of Gamification on Enjoyment and Satisfaction in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Bravo-Aparicio, J., Trillo-Charlín, I., Avendaño‐Coy, J., & Beltrán-Alacreu, H. (2025) · JMIR Aging · doi:10.2196/72559 · Cited by 9
“The studies reviewed utilized a modified 5-item version of the scale, with responses recorded on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 7 [31].”
Proposing a Core Outcome Set for Physical Activity and Exercise Interventions in People With Rare Neurological Conditions
Ramdharry, G. M., Buscemi, V., Boaz, A., Dawes, H., Jaki, T., Jones, F., Marsden, J. F., Paul, L., Playle, R., Randell, E., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.705474 · Cited by 8
Is It Really Worth the Effort? Examining the Effects of Mental Fatigue on Physical Activity Effort Discounting
Harris, S., Stratford, P. W., & Bray, S. R. (2022) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2021-0330 · Cited by 7
Comparing the Effects of Affect- Regulated Green and Indoor Exercise on Psychological Distress and Enjoyment in University Undergraduate Students: A Pilot Study
Carter, E., Bird, M. T., & Jackman, P. C. (2022) · Journal for Advancing Sport Psychology in Research · doi:10.55743/000016 · Cited by 8
A multi-site trial of an electronic health integrated physical activity promotion intervention in breast and endometrial cancers survivors: MyActivity study protocol
Cadmus‐Bertram, L., Solk, P., Agnew, M., Starikovsky, J., Schmidt, C., Morelli, W., Hodgson, V., Freeman, H., Muller, L., Mishory, A., et al. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2023.107187 · Cited by 7
Classification of Exergames with Different Types: Perceptual and Physiological Responses in College Students
Aygün, C., & Atabek, H. Ç. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app131910769 · Cited by 7
Mindfulness induction and executive function after high‐intensity interval training with and without mindful recovery intervals
Khatri, R. A., Baumgartner, N. W., Noh, K., Ullrich-French, S. C., Schmitt, S. A., Wang, C., & Kao, S. (2024) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.14558 · Cited by 7
“SMSPA-2 is a validated 15-item, 5-point Likert scale (0–4), to measure exercise-induced state mindfulness 35 and PACES is a 18-item instrument that measures exercise-related enjoyment, 36 with higher scores indicating higher levels of state mindfulness and enjoyment, respectively.”
Background
“But will they do it?” Challenging assumptions and incivility in the academic discourse on high-intensity interval training
Jung, M. E., Santos, A., & Ginis, K. A. M. (2024) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2024-0200 · Cited by 8
Relationship of Age on Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Upper Extremity Illness
Jayakumar, P., Overbeek, C. L., & Ring, D. (2015) · Hand · doi:10.1007/s11552-015-9754-y · Cited by 8
“Higher PACES scores reflect greater levels of enjoyment of physical activity (range 18 to 126) [15].”
Background
Testing group dynamics with a virtual partner to increase physical activity motivation
Samendinger, S., Pfeiffer, K. A., & Feltz, D. L. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.07.004 · Cited by 7
Effects of auditory-motor synchronization on 400-m sprint performance: An applied study
Karageorghis, C. I., Hutchinson, J., Bigliassi, M., Watson, M. P., Perry, F. A., Burges, L. D., Melville-Griffiths, T., & Gomes-Baho, T. J. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/1747954119879359 · Cited by 8
Psychological Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training: A Comparison of Graded Walking and Ungraded Running at Equivalent Metabolic Loads
Fleming, A. R., Martinez, N., Collins, L. H., Ashley, C. D., Chiodini-Rinaldo, M., Waddell, B. J., & Kilpatrick, M. W. (2020) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2019-0200 · Cited by 7

Authors: Kendzierski, D., & DeCarlo, K. J.
Affiliations: Villanova University (US)
Venue: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Published: 1991-03
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 50-64
ISSN: 0895-2779 (ISSN-L)
1543-2904
DOI: 10.1123/jsep.13.1.50
OpenAlex: W2170398533
Cited by: 1,329
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 82 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 113 · 2023: 100 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 64 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 1.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Keywords: Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, exercise enjoyment, scale validation, reliability statistics, external focus, boredom proneness, cycling, test-retest reliability, internal consistency

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Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Two Validation Studies

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