Lowering LDL—not only how low, but how long?
Abstract
People with a mutation in a proteolytic enzyme are at a substantially lower risk for coronary heart disease because of their lifelong reduction of plasma low-density lipoprotein.
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Lifestyle improvements usually lower LDL-C by 5-15%, and maintaining this long-term may meaningfully reduce CVD risk.
“In fact, LDL-C reductions with lifestyle improvements are most often in the range of 5% to 15%, an amount that, if maintained over a long period, may result in meaningful CVD risk reduction (158-160).”
From The Role of Nutraceuticals in Statin Intolerant Patients (2018) · cites this paper as [160]
Not only the magnitude of LDL-C lowering is important, but the duration of exposure to elevated LDL-C levels is equally important.
“At the same time, it has become increasingly evident now that not only the magnitude of LDL-C lowering is important but that the duration of exposure to elevated LDL-C levels is equally important [11,16,38].”
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- Authors
- Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-03-24
- Volume
- 311
- Issue
- 5768
- Pages
- 1721-1723
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1528479054
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 22.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- LDL cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, coronary artery disease, genetic mutations, proteolytic enzymes, serum lipoproteins, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Proprotein Convertase 9, Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Black or African American, Coronary Disease, Humans, Lipoproteins, LDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Serine Endopeptidases, Time Factors, Incidence, Codon, Nonsense, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Mutation, Missense, Proprotein Convertases, White People, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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