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The Piwi-piRNA Pathway Provides an Adaptive Defense in the Transposon Arms Race
Abstract
Increasingly complex networks of small RNAs act through RNA-interference (RNAi) pathways to regulate gene expression, to mediate antiviral responses, to organize chromosomal domains, and to restrain the spread of selfish genetic elements. Historically, RNAi has been defined as a response to double-stranded RNA. However, some small RNA species may not arise from double-stranded RNA precursors. Yet, like microRNAs and small interfering RNAs, such species guide Argonaute proteins to silencing targets through complementary base-pairing. Silencing can be achieved by corecruitment of accessory factors or through the activity of Argonaute itself, which often has endonucleolytic activity. As a specific and adaptive regulatory system, RNAi is used throughout eukarya, which indicates a long evolutionary history. A likely function of RNAi throughout that history is to protect the genome from both pathogenic and parasitic invaders.
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“Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) associate with a germlineexpressed clade of argonaute proteins, known as Piwis 26 , and have a role in transposon silencing and genome methylation 26 .”
From Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution (2008) · cites this paper as [26]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Aravin, A. A., Hannon, G. J., & Brennecke, J.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aravin, Alexei A.
- Hannon, Gregory J.
- Brennecke, Julius
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2007-11-02
- Volume
- 318
- Issue
- 5851
- Pages
- 761-764
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2046318418
- Cited by
- 1,096
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 74
- FWCI
- 6.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Keywords
- RNA interference, transposable elements, small RNA, Argonaute proteins, genome defense, selfish genetic elements, gene silencing
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Biological, Animals, Base Sequence, DNA Transposable Elements, Molecular Sequence Data, Proteins, RNA-Binding Proteins, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Silencing, Drosophila Proteins, RNA, Small Interfering, RNA-Induced Silencing Complex, Argonaute Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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