The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Direct Gene Transfer into Mouse Muscle in Vivo
Abstract
RNA and DNA expression vectors containing genes for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, luciferase, and β-galactosidase were separately injected into mouse skeletal muscle in vivo. Protein expression was readily detected in all cases, and no special delivery system was required for these effects. The extent of expression from both the RNA and DNA constructs was comparable to that obtained from fibroblasts transfected in vitro under optimal conditions. In situ cytochemical staining for β-galactosidase activity was localized to muscle cells following injection of the β-galactosidase DNA vector. After injection of the DNA luciferase expression vector, luciferase activity was present in the muscle for at least 2 months.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In 1990, Wolff et al. (5) demonstrated that direct injection (”
From Nonviral delivery of self-amplifying RNA vaccines (2012) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Following initial studies in the early 1990s demonstrating that exogenous mRNA can direct protein expression in vivo, mRNA has emerged as a promising drug platform technology in recent years (Wolff et al, 1990; Jirikowski et al, 1992).”
From mRNA mediates passive vaccination against infectious agents, toxins, and tumors (2017) · cites this paper as Wolff et al, 1990
In the citing paper
“In principle, the improvement of RNA kinetics by these modifications is not restricted to DCs but is similar in K562 cells and may also be of interest for other cellular settings, such as T cells, 43 B cells, 44 and muscle cells, 45 which are attractive host cells for the expression of IVT RNA-encoded proteins.”
From Modification of antigen-encoding RNA increases stability, translational efficacy, and T-cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells (2006) · cites this paper as [45]
Citations
Cites
Recombinant Genomes Which Express Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase in Mammalian Cells
Gorman, C., Moffat, L. F., & Howard, B. H. (1982) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044 · Cited by 7,674
Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cell cultures
Hirt, B. (1967) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(67)90307-5 · Cited by 5,102
Lipofection: a highly efficient, lipid-mediated DNA-transfection procedure.
Felgner, P. L., Gadek, T. R., Holm, M., Roman, R., Chan, H. W., Wenz, M., Northrop, J. P., RINGOLD, G. M., & Danielsen, M. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7413 · Cited by 4,954
Self-citationFirefly Luciferase Gene: Structure and Expression in Mammalian Cells
de Wet, J. R., Wood, K. V., DeLuca, M., Helinski, D. R., & Subramani, S. E. (1987) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.7.2.725 · Cited by 3,088
Functional messenger RNAs are produced by SP6 in vitro transcription of cloned cDNAs
Krieg, P. A., & Melton, D. A. (1984) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/12.18.7057 · Cited by 1,533
Gorman, C. M., Merlino, G. T., Willingham, M. C., Pastan, I. H., & Howard, B. H. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.22.6777 · Cited by 1,257
Cationic liposome-mediated transfection
Felgner, P. L., & RINGOLD, G. M. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/337387a0 · Cited by 989
Self-citationCationic liposome-mediated RNA transfection.
Malone, R. W., Felgner, P. L., & Verma, I. M. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.16.6077 · Cited by 911
Self-citationLineage analysis in the vertebrate nervous system by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.
Price, J., Turner, D., & Cepko, C. L. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.1.156 · Cited by 870
Receptor-mediated gene delivery and expression in vivo.
Wu, G. Y., & Wu, C. H. (1988) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68081-0 · Cited by 636
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- FELGNER, P.L., FOCUS 11: 21 (1989).
- FRANZINIARMSTRO.C, MYOLOGY: 125 (1986).
- MALONE, R.W., FOCUS 11: 61 (1989).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,001–1,009 of 1,009
Messenger RNA‐based vaccines: progress, challenges, applications
Kramps, T., & Probst, J. (2013) · WIREs RNA · doi:10.1002/wrna.1189 · Cited by 50
An Assessment of the Role of Chimpanzees in AIDS Vaccine Research
Bailey, J. (2008) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/026119290803600403 · Cited by 49
The immunomodulatory effects of RNA-based biomaterials on bone regeneration
Wang, C.-Y., Qin, Z.-X., Wei, Y., Hao, J.-X., Zhu, Y.-F., Zhao, F., Jiao, K., Ehrlich, H., Tay, F. R., & Niu, L.-N. (2023) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.031 · Cited by 28
MicroRNAs as Regulators of Phagocytosis
Gierlikowski, W., & Gierlikowska, B. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11091380 · Cited by 25
“Their use may be based on RNA interference [44] or mRNA [45].”
BackgroundIn vivo protein expression from mRNA delivered into adult rat brain
Karikó, K., Keller, J. M., Harris, V. A., Langer, D. J., & Welsh, F. A. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00355-1 · Cited by 24
Pandey, M., Ojha, D., Bansal, S., Rode, A. B., & Chawla, G. (2021) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2021.101003 · Cited by 23
Legere, R. M., Cohen, N. D., Poveda, C., Bray, J. M., Barhoumi, R., Szule, J. A., de la Concha-Bermejillo, A., Bordin, A. I., & Pollet, J. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79855-1 · Cited by 20
Efficient episomal gene transfer to human hepatic cells using the pFAR4–S/MAR vector
Giannakopoulos, A., Quiviger, M., Stavrou, E., Verras, M., Marie, C., Scherman, D., & Athanassiadou, A. (2019) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-019-04777-9 · Cited by 10
Preparation of antibodies against TXR1 and construction of a new DNA tumor vaccine
Sun, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, S., Hu, C., Pan, J., Liu, T., Ding, J., Han, C., Huang, Y., & Yang, K. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108505 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Wolff, J. A., Malone, R. W., Williams, P., Chong, W., Acsadi, G., Jani, A., & Felgner, P. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Vical (United States) (US)
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1990-03-23
- Volume
- 247
- Issue
- 4949
- Pages
- 1465-1468
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2014495927
- Cited by
- 4,173
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 96 · 2025: 151 · 2024: 186 · 2023: 201 · 2022: 188 · 2021: 187 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 77 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 93 · 2012: 90
- FWCI
- 26.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k11hd000669-02)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 03352, HD00669-05, P30HD003352)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Intramuscular injections and effects
- Keywords
- in vivo gene delivery, skeletal muscle, intramuscular injection, DNA vectors, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, luciferase, beta-galactosidase, transgene expression, cytochemical staining, transfection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Avian Sarcoma Viruses, Coleoptera, beta-Galactosidase, DNA, Escherichia coli, Genetic Vectors, Histocytochemistry, Luciferases, Muscles, RNA, Transfection, Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase, Gene Expression, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
