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Earliest Pleistocene Hominid Cranial Remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia: Taxonomy, Geological Setting, and Age

Gabunia, Leo, Vekua, Abesalom, Lordkipanidze, David, Swisher, Carl C., Ferring, Reid, Justus, Antje, Nioradze, Medea, Tvalchrelidze, Merab, Antón, Susan C., Bosinski, Gerhard, Jöris, Olaf, Lumley, Marie-A.-de, Majsuradze, Givi, Mouskhelishvili, Aleksander·2000·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.288.5468.1019
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Abstract

Archaeological excavations at the site of Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia have uncovered two partial early Pleistocene hominid crania. The new fossils consist of a relatively complete cranium and a second relatively complete calvaria from the same site and stratigraphic unit that yielded a hominid mandible in 1991. In contrast with the uncertain taxonomic affinity of the mandible, the new fossils are comparable in size and morphology with Homo ergaster from Koobi Fora, Kenya. Paleontological, archaeological, geochronological, and paleomagnetic data from Dmanisi all indicate an earliest Pleistocene age of about 1.7 million years ago, supporting correlation of the new specimens with the Koobi Fora fossils. The Dmanisi fossils, in contrast with Pleistocene hominids from Western Europe and Eastern Asia, show clear African affinity and may represent the species that first migrated out of Africa.

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  • TCN ages obtained for the first appearance datum of H. erectus in Sangiran advocate for an early peopling of Sundaland by H. erectus, contemporary with their Chinese and Georgian counterparts, whose endocranial capacity was much smaller than specimens from Sangiran.

    “At a more general scale, our TCN ages obtained for the first appearance datum of H. erectus in Sangiran advocate for an early peopling of Sundaland by H. erectus, contemporary with their Chinese26,52 and Georgian53,54 counterparts, whose endocranial capacity was much smaller54 than specimens from Sangiran55.”

    From Javanese homo erectus on the move in SE asia circa 1.8 ma (2022) · cites this paper as [53]

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Metadata

Authors
Gabunia, L., Vekua, A., Lordkipanidze, D., Swisher, C. C., Ferring, R., Justus, A., Nioradze, M., Tvalchrelidze, M., Antón, S. C., Bosinski, G., Jöris, O., Lumley, M.-A.-D., Majsuradze, G., & Mouskhelishvili, A.
Affiliations
  • Republic of Georgia National Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, 380007, Republic of Georgia.
  • Department of Geology and Paleontology, Republic of Georgia State Museum, 3 Purtseladze Street, Tbilisi, 380007, Republic of Georgia.
  • Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA.
  • Department of Geography, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
  • Romisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz, Germany.
  • Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
  • Laboratoire Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France.
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2000-05-12
Volume
288
Issue
5468
Pages
1019-1025
ISSN
  • 0036-8075
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.288.5468.1019
Cited by
513
References
0
Language
en

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