The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Activation of proto-oncogenes by disruption of chromosome neighborhoods
Open accessAbstract
The spread of bad neighborhoods: Our genomes have complex three-dimensional (3D) arrangements that partition and regulate gene expression. Cancer cells frequently have their genomes grossly rearranged, disturbing this intricate 3D organization. Hnisz et al. show that the disruption of these 3D neighborhoods can bring oncogenes under the control of regulatory elements normally kept separate from them (see the Perspective by Wala and Beroukim). These novel juxtapositions can result in the inappropriate activation of oncogenes. Science , this issue p. 1454 ; see also p. 1398
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Similarly, in T cell leukemia cells, ~90% of all enhancer or promoter-related DNA loops occur within insulated neighborhood boundaries (Hnisz et al., 2016).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“While genetic perturbation of CTCF binding has been shown to result in misregulation of gene expression in various cell lines and cancer9–11,28”
From Tissue-specific CTCF-cohesin-mediated chromatin architecture delimits enhancer interactions and function in vivo (2017) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Boundary disruption has recently been linked to cancer and diseases of limb development (Flavahan et al., 2016; Hnisz et al., 2016; Lupianez et al., 2015)”
From Disease-Associated Short Tandem Repeats Co-localize with Chromatin Domain Boundaries (2018) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Recent high-resolution Chromosome-Conformation-Capture sequencing studies have revealed that TAD boundaries are perturbed in rare human limb malformation diseases (Lupianez et al., 2015) and certain types of cancers (Flavahan et al., 2016; Hnisz et al., 2016), leading to enhancer miswiring and pathogenic disruption of gene expression.”
From Disease-Associated Short Tandem Repeats Co-localize with Chromatin Domain Boundaries (2018) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Several other studies have reported the deregulation of chromatin folding structures in different cancer types11,15,16.”
From Disruption of chromatin folding domains by somatic genomic rearrangements in human cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“In a dozen loci and in multiple cell types, CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of CTCF binding sites at the anchors of insulated neighborhoods have been shown to produce changes in the expression of genes within the neighborhoods and immediately adjacent to the deleted neighborhood boundary.”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Somatic mutations occur frequently and recurrently in the loop anchors of oncogene-containing Insulated neighborhoods in a variety of cancer cells (Figure 2E).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Silent proto-oncogenes typically occur within insulated neighborhoods and genetic modification of the neighborhood loop anchors can cause activation of these oncogenes (Flavahan et al., 2016; Hnisz et al., 2016).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“The vast majority of enhancer-gene interactions occur within insulated neighborhoods (Dowen et al., 2014; Hnisz et al., 2016; Ji et al., 2016; Phillips-Cremins et al., 2013).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“These observations are consistent with the idea that mutations that alter the loop anchor sites of oncogene-containing insulated neighborhoods make an important contribution to the misregulation of gene expression that is inherent to the cancer state (Flavahan et al., 2016; Hnisz et al., 2016; Katainen et al., 2015).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations or deletions which activate oncogenes also disrupt insulated neighborhoods around those genes without altering the sequence of the gene itself (Groschel et al., 2014; Hnisz et al., 2016).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
In the citing paper
“Studies on insulated neighborhoods have estimated that approximately 80% of neighborhood boundaries of shared by any two cell types (Hnisz et al., 2016; Ji et al., 2016).”
From Insulated Neighborhoods: Structural and Functional Units of Mammalian Gene Control (2016) · cites this paper as Hnisz et al., 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · Cited by 109,482 · cited 1×
“This method yielded similar number of interactions as the correction of p-values by the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure (33) to control for multiple hypothesis testing.”
MethodUltrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome.
Langmead, B., Trapnell, C., Pop, M., & Salzberg, S. L. (2009) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25 · Cited by 21,849 · cited 2×
“1 (bowtie -e 70 -k 1 -m 1 -v 2 -p 4 --best --strata –S) (28).”
Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS)
Zhang, Y., Liu, T., Meyer, C. A., Eeckhoute, J., Johnson, D. S., Bernstein, B. E., Nusbaum, C., Myers, R. M., Brown, M., Li, W., et al. (2008) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-9-r137 · Cited by 18,386 · cited 4×
“CTCFChIP-seq and cohesin ChIA-PET interactions in Jurkat (T-ALL), GM12878 (lymphoblastoid), and K562 (CML) cells are displayed.”
BackgroundInfluentialMapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq
Mortazavi, A., Williams, B. A., McCue, K., Schaeffer, L., & Wold, B. (2008) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1226 · Cited by 13,696 · cited 1×
“For a gene to be considered expressed the cutoff of >1 RPKM was used (50).”
MethodTopHat: discovering splice junctions with RNA-Seq
Trapnell, C., Pachter, L. S., & Salzberg, S. L. (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp120 · Cited by 11,682
A 3D Map of the Human Genome at Kilobase Resolution Reveals Principles of Chromatin Looping
Rao, S. S. P., Huntley, M. H., Durand, N. C., Stamenova, E. K., Bochkov, I. D., Robinson, J. T., Sanborn, A. L., Machol, I., Omer, A. D., Lander, E. S., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.021 · Cited by 9,212 · cited 4×
“Comparison of the Jurkat T-ALL ChIA-PET interactions to interactions described in other cell types Interactions detected using Hi-C data in GM12878, HeLa, HMEC, HUVEC, IMR90, K562, KBM7 and NHEK were downloaded from a previous study (36).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialComprehensive Mapping of Long-Range Interactions Reveals Folding Principles of the Human Genome
Lieberman-Aiden, E., van Berkum, N. L., Williams, L., Imakaev, M., Ragoczy, T., Telling, A., Amit, I., Lajoie, B. R., Sabo, P. J., Dorschner, M. O., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1181369 · Cited by 8,898
Self-citationVogelstein, B., Papadopoulos, N., Velculescu, V. E., Zhou, S., Diaz, L. A., & Kinzler, K. W. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1235122 · Cited by 7,863 · cited 1×
“1A), and identifying such mutations in patient genomes is a major goal of cancer genomics (2, 3).”
BackgroundTopological domains in mammalian genomes identified by analysis of chromatin interactions
Dixon, J. R., Selvaraj, S., Yue, F., Kim, A., Li, Y., Shen, Y., Hu, M., Liu, J. S., & Ren, B. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11082 · Cited by 6,829 · cited 2×
“The cryptic chromosomal deletion del(11)(p12p13) as a new activation mechanism of LMO2 in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.”
BackgroundA Direct Approach to False Discovery Rates
Storey, J. D. (2002) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/1467-9868.00346 · Cited by 5,603 · cited 1×
“To correct for multiple hypothesis testing, we converted all the p-values into q-values via pFDR (68) using the Bioconductor qvalue package.”
Method
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90636-D · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coactivator condensation at super-enhancers links phase separation and gene control
Sabari, B. R., Dall’Agnese, A., Boija, A., Klein, I. A., Coffey, E. L., Shrinivas, K., Abraham, B. J., Hannett, N. M., Zamudio, A. V., Manteiga, J. C., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar3958 · Cited by 2,595
Self-citationHiGlass: web-based visual exploration and analysis of genome interaction maps
Kerpedjiev, P., Abdennur, N. A., Lekschas, F., McCallum, C., Dinkla, K., Strobelt, H., Luber, J. M., Ouellette, S., Azhir, A., Kumar, N., et al. (2018) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1486-1 · Cited by 2,430
Nora, E. P., Goloborodko, A., Valton, A.-L., Gibcus, J. H., Uebersohn, A., Abdennur, N., Dekker, J., Mirny, L. A., & Bruneau, B. G. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.004 · Cited by 1,709
“This highlights the crucial role of boundaries in mediating the physical insulation of neighboring chromosome domains, with important implications for disease-causing chromosomal rearrangements in humans (Flavahan et al., 2016; Franke et al., 2016; Hnisz et al., 2016).”
Self-citationA Phase Separation Model for Transcriptional Control
Hnisz, D., Shrinivas, K., Young, R. A., Chakraborty, A. K., & Sharp, P. A. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.007 · Cited by 1,753
Self-citationEpigenetic plasticity and the hallmarks of cancer
Flavahan, W. A., Gaskell, E., & Bernstein, B. E. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal2380 · Cited by 1,340
“Indeed, frequentmutations of CTCFmotifs in the vicinity of oncogenes have been reported in colorectal, liver, and esophageal cancer (50, 51).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Hnisz, D., Weintraub, A. S., Day, D. S., Valton, A.-L., Bak, R. O., Li, C. H., Goldmann, J., Lajoie, B. R., Fan, Z. P., Sigova, A. A., Reddy, J., Borges-Rivera, D., Lee, T. I., Jaenisch, R., Porteus, M. H., Dekker, J., & Young, R. A.
- Affiliations
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (US)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hnisz, Denes
- Weintraub, Abraham S.
- Young, Richard A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2016-03-25
- Volume
- 351
- Issue
- 6280
- Pages
- 1454-1458
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC4884612
- OpenAlex
- W2303393194
- Cited by
- 1,042
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 48 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 90 · 2021: 124 · 2020: 129 · 2019: 132 · 2018: 102 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 48
- FWCI
- 66.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship@UMassChan (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Austrian Science Fund (J3490)
- Ludwig Graduate Fellowship
- Laurie Kraus Lacob Faculty Scholar Award in Pediatric Translational Research
- Hyundai Hope on Wheels
- Danish Council for Independent Research, Medical Sciences
- Sapere Aude Research Talent (DFF-1331-00735B)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (R01 HG003143, U54 HG007010, U01 HG007910)
- National Cancer Institute (U54 CA193419)
- NIH (HG002668, CA109901, NS088538, MH104610, AI120766, U54 DK107980, U01 DA 040588)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01 GM 112720)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U01 R01 AI 117839)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Keywords
- proto-oncogenes, oncogene activation, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, microdeletion, chromosome structure, cancer genetics, gene expression regulation
- MeSH terms
- Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome Mapping, Humans, Mutation, Proto-Oncogenes, Translocation, Genetic, Transcriptional Activation, Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic, Sequence Deletion, Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, HEK293 Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review