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Space and time in the brain
Open accessAbstract
Nothing is more intuitive, yet more complex, than the concepts of space and time. In contrast to spacetime in physics, space and time in neuroscience remain separate coordinates to which we attach our observations. Investigators of navigation and memory relate neuronal activity to position, distance, time point, and duration and compare these parameters to units of measuring instruments. Although spatial-temporal sequences of brain activity often correlate with distance and duration measures, these correlations may not correspond to neuronal representations of space or time. Neither instruments nor brains sense space or time. Neuronal activity can be described as a succession of events without resorting to the concepts of space or time. Instead of searching for brain representations of our preconceived ideas, we suggest investigating how brain mechanisms give rise to inferential, model-building explanations.
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“Treating space as a sequence is a necessity for humans and other animals because they lack a global positioning system that enables direct sensing of location coordinates.”
From Space is a latent sequence: A theory of the hippocampus (2024) · cites this paper as [9]
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“However, anomalies have been accumulating over the simple view that place cells represent just locations (8, 9, 32, 45, 46).”
From Space is a latent sequence: A theory of the hippocampus (2024) · cites this paper as [9]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Buzsáki, G., & Llinás, R.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Buzsáki, György
- ORCID
- Buzsáki, György
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2017-10-27
- Volume
- 358
- Issue
- 6362
- Pages
- 482-485
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC5998813
- OpenAlex
- W2766264103
- Semantic Scholar
- 492d4fdcadcc502d185bd3924176dbf422cf451a
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (award343774, NS 090583, award343775, NS090526, award343777, NS074015)
- National Institute of Mental Health (award343773, MH54671)
- Simons Foundation (award343778)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Keywords
- spatial representation, representation of time, neuronal activity, navigation, memory, model development, inference
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Humans, Neurons, Space Perception, Time Perception, Rats, Memory, Episodic, Spatial Navigation
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