Cited by 186Fungal and yeast genetics researchAntifungal resistance and susceptibilityFungal Infections and Studies

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Calcineurin Is Essential for Candida albicans Survival in Serum and Virulence

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Blankenship, Jill R., Wormley, Floyd L., Boyce, Molly K., Schell, Wiley A., Filler, Scott G., Perfect, John R., Heitman, Joseph·2003·Eukaryotic Cell

DOI 10.1128/ec.2.3.422-430.2003PMC PMC161442

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Abstract

Calcineurin is a calcium-activated protein phosphatase that is the target of the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A and FK506. In T cells, calcineurin controls nuclear import of the NF-AT transcription factor and gene activation. In plants and fungi, calcineurin functions in stress responses (e.g., temperature, cations, and pH) and is necessary for the virulence of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans . Here we show that calcineurin is also required for the virulence of another major fungus that is pathogenic to humans, Candida albicans. C. albicans calcineurin mutants had significantly reduced virulence in a murine model of systemic infection. In contrast to its role in C. neoformans , calcineurin was not required for C. albicans survival at 37°C. Moreover, C. albicans calcineurin mutant strains exhibited no defects in known Candida virulence traits associated with host invasion, including filamentous growth, germ tube formation, and adherence to and injury of mammalian cells. C. albicans calcineurin mutant strains failed to colonize and grow in the kidneys of infected animals and were unable to survive when exposed to serum in vitro. Our studies illustrate that calcineurin has evolved to control aspects of the virulence of two divergent fungal pathogens via distinct mechanisms that can be targeted to achieve broad-spectrum antifungal action.

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Authors: Blankenship, J. R., Wormley, F. L., Boyce, M. K., Schell, W. A., Filler, S. G., Perfect, J. R., & Heitman, J.
Affiliations: Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
Medicine
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Heitman, Joseph
ORCID: Blankenship, Jill R.
Wormley, Floyd L.
Filler, Scott G.
Perfect, John R.
Heitman, Joseph
Venue: Eukaryotic Cell
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2003-06
Volume: 2
Issue: 3
Pages: 422-430
ISSN: 1535-9778 (ISSN-L)
1535-9786
DOI: 10.1128/ec.2.3.422-430.2003
PMC: PMC161442
OpenAlex: W2171788590
Cited by: 186
References: 65
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 3.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Eukaryotic Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
National Institutes of Health (RR00425)
U.S. Public Health Service (R01 PA-98-100)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01-AI44975, T32AI07392, P01AI044975, R01AI028388, R01 AI28388, R01 AI50438, AI-44975, R01AI050438, T32AI007392)
National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000425, M01-RR00425)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Fungal Infections and Studies
Keywords: calcineurin, Candida albicans, fungal virulence, systemic candidiasis, serum survival, Cryptococcus neoformans, filamentous growth, germ tube formation, host cell adhesion, kidney colonization, antifungal drug targets
MeSH terms: Animals, Blood, Candida albicans, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Kidney, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mouth Mucosa, Mutation, Temperature, Umbilical Veins, Virulence, Calcineurin, Endothelial Cells, Mice

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Calcineurin Is Essential for Candida albicans Survival in Serum and Virulence

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