Cited by 1,256SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchAnimal Virus Infections StudiesViral Infections and Outbreaks Research

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Coronavirus Pathogenesis and the Emerging Pathogen Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

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Weiss, Susan R., Navas-Martin, Sonia·2005·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews

DOI 10.1128/mmbr.69.4.635-664.2005PMC PMC1306801

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Abstract

SUMMARY: Coronaviruses are a family of enveloped, single-stranded, positive-strand RNA viruses classified within the Nidovirales order. This coronavirus family consists of pathogens of many animal species and of humans, including the recently isolated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). This review is divided into two main parts; the first concerns the animal coronaviruses and their pathogenesis, with an emphasis on the functions of individual viral genes, and the second discusses the newly described human emerging pathogen, SARS-CoV. The coronavirus part covers (i) a description of a group of coronaviruses and the diseases they cause, including the prototype coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus, which is one of the recognized animal models for multiple sclerosis, as well as viruses of veterinary importance that infect the pig, chicken, and cat and a summary of the human viruses; (ii) a short summary of the replication cycle of coronaviruses in cell culture; (iii) the development and application of reverse genetics systems; and (iv) the roles of individual coronavirus proteins in replication and pathogenesis. The SARS-CoV part covers the pathogenesis of SARS, the developing animal models for infection, and the progress in vaccine development and antiviral therapies. The data gathered on the animal coronaviruses continue to be helpful in understanding SARS-CoV.

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Vaccines’ Safety and Effectiveness in the Midst of Covid-19 Mutations
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“…that develops from milder forms of coronaviruses such as the HCoV variants (229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1) which cause the common cold, may be a significant factor contributing in the activation of immune defences to ob-struct the virus, and/or reduce the viral load that diminishes contagion [17] [18].”
Hybridization of Convolutional Neural Networks with Wavelet Architecture for COVID-19 Detection
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“The name ‘coronavirus’ coined in 1968, since the appearance of these viruses ‘corona’ or crowns like structure through an electron microscope [1].”
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SARS-CoV-2: Pathophysiology, Prophylaxis and Treatment Opportunities – A Current Review
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Can History of Parasitic Diseases Increase Social Conservatism? Testing Behavioural Immune System Theory
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Role of molecular mimicry in the SARS-CoV-2-human interactome for pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases: An update to ImitateDB
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Current Perspective on Vitamins and SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19)
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Impact of pandemic restrictions on travel patterns in urban centres: A case-study of Dublin City, Ireland
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Decoding the SARS-CoV-2 infection process: Insights into origin, spread, and therapeutic approaches
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Nistatina como inhibidor de caveolas: tratamiento preventivo para el contagio por COVID-19
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Symptoms, epidemiology and diagnosis: A mini-review on coronavirus
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“HCoVs were detected in the alpha coronavirus (HCoV229E and NL63) and the beta coronavirus (MERS-CoV, 764 Afr.”
BackgroundInfluential
Business Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pharmacy Shops of Dharan-18: A Sample Survey
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Physical Activity is a Preventive Factor Against SARSCOV- 2 in Healthy Subjects (Possible Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms)
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“The protein is thought to enhance spike protein activity and establish interaction with sialic acids on glycoproteins present on the surface of host cells thereby facilitating viral entry[7](Figure 1).”
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A Causal not Casual Approach to Coronavirus Disease 19. Tracing the Roots of Novel Virus
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Antibodies Produced Toward Recombinant RBD and Nucleocapsid Neutralize SARS-COV-2
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COVID-19 Infection: The Virus and Its Origin, the Variants, the Immune Defense, the Multiorgan Autoimmune Reactions, and the Targeted Treatments
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A Comprehensive Mini-review on COVID-19 Pathogenesis on Perspectives of Cytokine Storm and Recent Developments in Anti-Covid Nucleotide Analogues
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Assessing University Students Knowledge and Awareness about COVID-19 Infection Symptoms and Preventive Measures in, Saudi Arabia
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Application of Nanotechnology in Detection and Prevention of COVID-19
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Authors: Weiss, S. R., & Navas-Martin, S.
Affiliations: University of Pennsylvania (US)
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Corresponding author: Weiss, Susan R.
ORCID: Weiss, Susan R.
Venue: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2005-12
Volume: 69
Issue: 4
Pages: 635-664
ISSN: 1092-2172 (ISSN-L)
1098-5557
DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.69.4.635-664.2005
PMC: PMC1306801
OpenAlex: W2131988685
Cited by: 1,256
References: 391
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 149 · 2021: 253 · 2020: 352 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 3.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Multiple Sclerosis Society
Drexel University
Multiple Sclerosis Society
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 17418, AI-47800, N01 AI060021, R01AI047800, R01AI060021, R01AI017418, AI60021)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS021954, NS-21954, NS-30606, P01NS030606)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
Keywords: coronavirus pathogenesis, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV, animal coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus, reverse genetics, coronavirus proteins, SARS, animal models of infection, vaccine development, antiviral therapy, emerging pathogens
MeSH terms: Animals, Cats, Cattle, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Viral Proteins, Viral Vaccines, Virion, Coronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Mice

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Coronavirus Pathogenesis and the Emerging Pathogen Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

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