Nitric oxide synthase-derived plasma nitrite predicts exercise capacity
Open accessAbstract
Background: Nitrite is the main oxidation product of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma. It sensitively reflects changes in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity under fasting conditions and serves as an endocrine NO donor, contributing to the regulation of blood flow through reaction with haemoglobin. As NO is necessary to maintain an adequate vascular response to the increased demands of blood flow, it is believed to be important for vasodilation induced by exercise. Objective: To investigate whether the capacity of the vasculature to produce nitrite is associated with exercise performance. Design: With the use of chemiluminescence detection, nitrite concentrations in 55 healthy subjects (mean (SEM) age 40 (2) years; 22 men) were studied before and after an exercise test, and endothelial function was determined by measuring flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery using high-resolution ultrasound. In a subset of subjects, the NOS inhibitor, N G-monomethyl-l-arginine, was applied to elucidate the effect of eNOS on changes in nitrite. Results: Exercise significantly (p<0.001) increased plasma nitrite from 97 (6) to 125 (8) nM. The relative increase in plasma nitrite was related to flow-mediated dilation (6.1 (0.3)%; r = 0.36; p = 0.01). N G-Monomethyl-l-arginine blocked increases in nitrite. Post-exercise nitrite concentration correlated with exercise performance, as determined by maximally reached stress power (r = 0.37; p<0.007), and inversely with age. Multivariate analysis showed that both age and post-exercise nitrite concentration were independent predictors of stress endurance and power. Conclusion: The results suggest a role for plasma nitrite in the adaptation of haemodynamics during exercise. An impaired increase in plasma nitrite may limit exercise capacity.
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Plasma nitrite concentration is positively associated with exercise capacity in humans.
“Indeed, several studies have reported that plasma [nitrite] is positively associated with exercise capacity in humans [26–29].”
From Dietary Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Rassaf, T., Lauer, T., Heiss, C., Balzer, J., Mangold, S., Leyendecker, T., Rottler, J., Drexhage, C., Meyer, C., & Kelm, M.
- Affiliations
- Universitätsklinikum Aachen (DE)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rassaf, Tienush
- Venue
- British Journal of Sports Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2007-05-11
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 669-673
- ISSN
- 0306-3674 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-0480
- PMC
- PMC2465183
- OpenAlex
- W2119523564
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 22.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- British Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- plasma nitrite, nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, exercise capacity, flow-mediated dilation, endothelial function, L-NMMA, exercise-induced vasodilation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brachial Artery, Female, Humans, Luminescent Measurements, Male, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, Sensitivity and Specificity, Vasodilation, Multivariate Analysis, Exercise Tolerance, Nitric Oxide Synthase
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