Cost effectiveness of a manual based coping strategy programme in promoting the mental health of family carers of people with dementia (the START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) study): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the START (STrAtegies for RelatTives) intervention added to treatment as usual is cost effective compared with usual treatment alone. DESIGN: Cost effectiveness analysis nested within a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Three mental health and one neurological outpatient dementia service in London and Essex, UK. PARTICIPANTS: Family carers of people with dementia. INTERVENTION: Eight session, manual based, coping intervention delivered by supervised psychology graduates to family carers of people with dementia added to usual treatment, compared with usual treatment alone. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Costs measured from a health and social care perspective were analysed alongside the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total score (HADS-T) of affective symptoms and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) in cost effectiveness analyses over eight months from baseline. RESULTS: Of the 260 participants recruited to the study, 173 were randomised to the START intervention, and 87 to usual treatment alone. Mean HADS-T scores were lower in the intervention group than the usual treatment group over the 8 month evaluation period (mean difference -1.79 (95% CI -3.32 to -0.33)), indicating better outcomes associated with the START intervention. There was a small improvement in health related quality of life as measured by QALYs (0.03 (-0.01 to 0.08)). Costs were no different between the intervention and usual treatment groups (£252 (-28 to 565) higher for START group). The cost effectiveness calculations suggested that START had a greater than 99% chance of being cost effective compared with usual treatment alone at a willingness to pay threshold of £30,000 per QALY gained, and a high probability of cost effectiveness on the HADS-T measure. CONCLUSIONS: The manual based coping intervention START, when added to treatment as usual, was cost effective compared with treatment as usual alone by reference to both outcome measures (affective symptoms for family carers, and carer based QALYs). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISCTRN 70017938.
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Knapp, M. R. J. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.27053-0
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Coping intervention for family carers − a cost-effective START
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Quality of Life of Persons with Dementia
Dröes, R., Ettema, T. P., Knapp, M. R. J., & Schokkaert, E. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108918954.006
Self-citationDepressive Disorders Among Family Caregivers of People Living with Dementia
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- Authors
- Knapp, M., King, D., Romeo, R., Schehl, B., Barber, J., Griffin, M., Rapaport, P., Livingston, D., Mummery, C., Walker, Z., Hoe, J., Sampson, E. L., Cooper, C., & Livingston, G.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Knapp, M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2013-10-25
- Volume
- 347
- Issue
- oct25 2
- Pages
- f6342-f6342
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3808080
- OpenAlex
- W1995837661
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 26.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (acceptedVersion)
- City Research Online (City University London) (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- London School of Economics and Political Science
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (08/14/06, 08/14/99)
- Marie Curie (MCCC-FCO-11-U)
- King's College London
- University College London
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Keywords
- family caregivers, dementia, coping interventions, cost-effectiveness, anxiety, depression, affective symptoms, quality-adjusted life years, health-related quality of life, manual-based intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Dementia, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Manuals as Topic, Middle Aged, Psychological Tests, Psychotherapy, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Linear Models, Treatment Outcome, Caregivers, Health Care Costs, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Intention to Treat Analysis
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