Portal and peripheral blood short chain fatty acid concentrations after caecal lactulose instillation at surgery.
Open accessAbstract
The major end products of fermentation, short chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate) were measured in portal and peripheral venous blood after the caecal instillation of lactulose at surgery in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. Blood samples for short chain fatty acid measurement were taken before and at 15 minute intervals up to 60 minutes after caecal instillation of either 20 ml sterile saline or 6.7 g or 10 g lactulose. Fasting concentrations (n = 28) were (mumol/l, mean (SD)); portal acetate 128.0 (70.8), propionate 34.4 (23.3), butyrate 17.6 (18.4); peripheral acetate 67.0 (23.0), propionate 3.7 (1.2), butyrate traces only. After lactulose there was a rapid rise in portal short chain fatty acids with peak concentrations being reached in 15 to 45 minutes. Mean peak concentrations (mumol/l (SD)) after 10 g lactulose were acetate 240.9 (142.2), propionate 39.0 (17.8) and butyrate 26.9 (17.6). The changes in acetate concentrations seen in portal blood were reflected in peripheral blood acetate measurements. In contrast with portal blood, only small amounts of propionate and traces of butyrate were found in peripheral blood.
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The remainder of butyrate and the majority of propionate are metabolized by hepatocytes, resulting in 1-15 μmol/L concentrations of propionate and butyrate in circulation, whereas acetate is found at 100-200 μmol/L.
“The remainder of butyrate, as well as the majority of propionate, is subsequently metabolized by hepatocytes, resulting in 1-to 15-µmol/L concentrations of propionate and butyrate in circulation, whereas acetate is found within a range of 100-200 µmol/L (Bloemen et al., 2009;Cummings et al., 1987;Peters et al.,”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Peters et al., 1992
The Discussion says portal propionate and butyrate appear to be virtually completely extracted by the liver. The Abstract reports peripheral propionate at 3.7 µmol/L, but only traces of butyrate; the Results say no peripheral butyrate was quantifiable. Peripheral acetate was 67 µmol/L fasting and reached a mean peak of 132.4 µmol/L after 10 g lactulose, so the stated 100–200 µmol/L range is not a general finding of this study. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Peters, S. G., Pomare, E. W., & Fisher, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Wellington Hospital (NZ)
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1992-09
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1249-1252
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC1379496
- OpenAlex
- W2024410955
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- short-chain fatty acids, lactulose, caecal fermentation, portal blood, peripheral venous blood, acetate, propionate, butyrate, cholecystectomy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Female, Fermentation, Humans, Lactulose, Male, Middle Aged, Portal Vein, Time Factors
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