Advances in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: linking host genetics and the microbiome
Open accessAbstract
Studies of the genetics underlying inflammatory bowel diseases have increased our understanding of the pathways involved in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and focused attention on the role of the microbiome in these diseases. Full understanding of pathogenesis will require a comprehensive grasp of the delicate homeostasis between gut bacteria and the human host. In this review, we present current evidence of microbiome–gene interactions in the context of other known risk factors and mechanisms, and describe the next steps necessary to pair genetic variant and microbiome sequencing data from patient cohorts. We discuss the concept of dysbiosis, proposing that the functional composition of the gut microbiome may provide a more consistent definition of dysbiosis and may more readily provide evidence of genome–microbiome interactions in future exploratory studies.
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The relationship between altered immune function and altered bacterial community in IBD may be understood as bidirectional.
“This may be understood as a bidirectional relationship between altered immune function (mucosal barrier, innate bacterial killing, or immune regulation) and altered bacterial community (its features, functions, or metabolites) [30] .”
From Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis (2014) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Knights, D., Lassen, K. G., & Xavier, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Broad Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Xavier, Ramnik J
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2013-09-14
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1505-1510
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC3822528
- OpenAlex
- W2107279356
- Cited by
- 468
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 097485, R01DK097485, DK062432, U01DK062432)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, gut microbiota, host genetics, dysbiosis, genetic risk factors, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Humans, Intestines, Phenotype, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Signal Transduction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Microbiota
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