Assessing the Anthropocene with geochemical methods
Abstract
Anthropogenic chemical contamination is one of the most evident signals of human influence on the environment. The large amounts of industrially produced pollutants that have been introduced, over decades, into air, soil and water have caused modifications to natural elemental cycling. Anthropogenic contamination usually leads to enrichment in many elements, particularly in industrial areas. Thus, certain elements and their isotopes can be used as geochemical tracers of anthropogenic impact. Some human-induced changes in the environment may be regarded as a secondary effect of pollution, such as acidification, which causes increased geochemical mobility of several trace elements in surficial deposits. Methods used by geochemists to assess the scale of anthropogenic influence on the environment include calculations of anthropogenic influence on the environment via enrichment and contamination factors, geoaccumulation index and pollution load index. The use of geochemical background levels for delineating between natural and anthropogenic pollution is important. A historical perspective of anthropogenic contamination, allied with isotopic and geochemical signatures in dated sediment cores, may be applied to help define the Anthropocene.
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Industrial metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn have been widely and rapidly dispersed since the mid-20th century, although many show much earlier and markedly diachronous signals associated with expansion of mineral extraction and processing.
“Industrial metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn have been widely and rapidly dispersed since the mid-20 th century, although many show much earlier and markedly diachronous signals associated with expansion of mineral extraction and processing ( 47, 58 ).”
From The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene (2016) · cites this paper as [58]
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Lewis, S. L., & Maslin, M. A. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14258 · Cited by 3,441 · see citing works
The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene
Waters, C. N., Zalasiewicz, J., Summerhayes, C., Barnosky, A. D., Poirier, C., Gałuszka, A., Cearreta, A., Edgeworth, M., Ellis, E. C., Ellis, M., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad2622 · Cited by 2,375 · see citing works
Self-citationWhen did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth century boundary level is stratigraphically optimal
Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C. N., Williams, M., Barnosky, A. D., Cearreta, A., Crutzen, P., Ellis, E., Ellis, M. A., Fairchild, I. J., Grinevald, J., et al. (2015) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.045 · Cited by 784 · see citing works
Self-citationCan an Anthropocene Series be defined and recognized?
Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., & Waters, C. N. (2014) · Geological Society, London, Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp395.16 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationThe mineral signature of the Anthropocene in its deep-time context
Zalasiewicz, J., Kryza, R., & Williams, M. (2014) · Geological Society, London, Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp395.2 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Gałuszka, A., Migaszewski, Z. M., & Zalasiewicz, J.
- Affiliations
- Jan Kochanowski University (PL)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Venue
- Geological Society, London, Special Publications
- Publisher
- Geological Society of London
- Published
- 2013-10-24
- Volume
- 395
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 221-238
- ISSN
- 0305-8719 (ISSN-L)
- 2041-4927
- OpenAlex
- W2005134167
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 138
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Geological Society London Special Publications (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Coal and Its By-products
- Keywords
- Anthropocene, anthropogenic pollution, geochemical tracers, elemental enrichment, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index, contamination factor, geochemical background, acidification, trace element mobility, sediment core, isotopic signatures, industrial pollution
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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