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Usable gestures for blind people: understanding preference and performance
Abstract
Despite growing awareness of the accessibility issues surrounding touch screen use by blind people, designers still face challenges when creating accessible touch screen interfaces. One major stumbling block is a lack of understanding about how blind people actually use touch screens. We conducted two user studies that compared how blind people and sighted people use touch screen gestures. First, we conducted a gesture elicitation study in which 10 blind and 10 sighted people invented gestures to perform common computing tasks on a tablet PC. We found that blind people have different gesture preferences than sighted people, including preferences for edge-based gestures and gestures that involve tapping virtual keys on a keyboard. Second, we conducted a performance study in which the same participants performed a set of reference gestures. We found significant differences in the speed, size, and shape of gestures performed by blind people versus those performed by sighted people. Our results suggest new design guidelines for accessible touch screen interfaces.
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“research confirms that blind users are able to draw and make gestures on touchscreens [9]”
From Designing a text entry multimodal keypad for blind users of touchscreen mobile phones (2014) · cites this paper as [9]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dell, N. L., Vaidyanathan, V., Medhi, I., Cutrell, E. B., & Thies, W. (2012) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2207676.2208589 · Cited by 286
“people interact with computer systems [15]; researchers in child-computer interaction explore how computer systems are used by children, particularly in the context of education [24]; cross-cultural HCI looks at what happens when designers and users come from different cultural backgrounds [12] and the relatively new…”
BackgroundInteractivity improves usability of geographic maps for visually impaired people
Brock, A. M., Truillet, P., Oriola, B., Picard, D., & Jouffrais, C. (2015) · Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/07370024.2014.924412 · Cited by 195
“Kane, Wobbrock, and Ladner (2011) identified double taps as gestures that are usable by blind people.”
BackgroundMennicken, S., & Huang, E. M. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31205-2_10 · Cited by 174
Khan, A., & Khusro, S. (2021) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-020-00733-8 · Cited by 177
“Moreover, sighted people consume 66% of their time in editing and correcting text on an automatic speech recognizer output on the desktop system [178].”
BackgroundVatavu, R.-D., Cramariuc, G., & Schipor, D. M. (2014) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2014.10.007 · Cited by 171
“Kane et al. (2011) found that blind people prefer gesture articulations that take place at the edges of the touch-screen, and that their articulations are different in speed, size, and geometric shape when compared to the same gestures articulated by sighted people.”
BackgroundA Systematic Review of Gesture Elicitation Studies
Villarreal-Narvaez, S., Vanderdonckt, J. M., Vatavu, R.-D., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2020) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/3357236.3395511 · Cited by 158
“The consideration of other categories of users than able-bodied adults, along with the analysis of its influence, appeared for blind participants [47], who analyzed the trade-off between the users’ preference and the system’s performance.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationExploring the use of speech input by blind people on mobile devices
Azenkot, S., & Lee, N. B. (2013) · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/2513383.2513440 · Cited by 151
Hurst, A., & Kane, S. (2013) · Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children · doi:10.1145/2485760.2485883 · Cited by 128
“are accessible to those with limited motor ability, or provide sufficient audio output to make it accessible to those with limited vision [4].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAccess overlays: improving non-visual access to large touch screens for blind users
Kane, S. K., Morris, M. R., Perkins, A. Z., Wigdor, D., Ladner, R. E., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2011) · Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology · doi:10.1145/2047196.2047232 · Cited by 127
“Researchers have also explored techniques to address specific aspects of blind touch screen interaction, such as text entry [3,10,36] and gesture selection [18].”
BackgroundSelf-citationYatani (2012) · doi:10.1145/2207676.2207734 · Cited by 123
“Our motivation for choosing a mobile touch-screen device is that it allows for taps and flick gestures—interactions that are easy for visually impaired users to perform [14, 19].”
BackgroundInteracting with mobile devices via VoiceOver: usability and accessibility issues
Leporini, B., Buzzi, M. C., & Buzzi, M. (2012) · Proceedings of the 24th Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference · doi:10.1145/2414536.2414591 · Cited by 116
Vatavu, R.-D., & Zaiţi, I.-A. (2014) · ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for TV and Online Video · doi:10.1145/2602299.2602316 · Cited by 111
“RELATED WORK We place our effort in a larger body of work originating from both academia [4,8,10,17,22,40,44] and industry [24,34,37] interested in designing gestural interfaces for the interactive TV, but also in the even larger community of researchers exploring people’s preferences for gesture commands [19,21,25,27…”
BackgroundAccessibility Evaluation of E-Government Mobile Applications in Brazil
Serra, L. C., Carvalho, L. P., Ferreira, L. P., Vaz, J. B. S., & Freire, A. P. (2015) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.09.279 · Cited by 109
On free-hand TV control: experimental results on user-elicited gestures with Leap Motion
Zaiţi, I.-A., Pentiuc, Š. G., & Vatavu, R.-D. (2015) · Personal and Ubiquitous Computing · doi:10.1007/s00779-015-0863-y · Cited by 106
(2012) · Graphics Interface · Cited by 103
Self-citationBlind people and mobile touch-based text-entry: acknowledging the need for different flavors
Oliveira, J., Guerreiro, T., Nicolau, H., Jorge, J., & Gonçalves, D. (2011) · The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility · doi:10.1145/2049536.2049569 · Cited by 123
“While we acknowledge that progresses on assistive technologies have been made, users still face some several problems when interacting with touch interfaces [7].”
BackgroundMilne, L. R., & Ladner, R. E. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3173643 · Cited by 89
“Kane et al. [10] explored the gesture preferences of people with visual impairments for input on touchscreens.”
BackgroundSelf-citationA heuristic checklist for an accessible smartphone interface design
Mi, N., Cavuoto, L. A., Benson, K., Smith‐Jackson, T. L., & Nussbaum, M. A. (2013) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-013-0321-4 · Cited by 94
“However, this study focused specifically on gesture elicitation to identify differences between people with visual impairments and sighted people regarding gesture preferences and various gesture parameters [28].”
BackgroundAccessible Touchscreen Technology for People with Visual Impairments: A Survey
Grussenmeyer, W., & Folmer, E. (2017) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3022701 · Cited by 86
“Access overlays are guidance techniques that help the user navigate the screen and understand spatial relationships in a faster way [Kane et al. 2011b].”
BackgroundResultAccessible smartphones for blind users: A case study for a wayfinding system
Rodriguez‐Sanchez, M. C., Moreno-Alvarez, M. A., Martín, E., Borromeo, S., & Hernandez-Tamames, J. A. (2014) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2014.05.031 · Cited by 86
Kim, H. K., Han, S. H., Park, J., & Park, J. (2016) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2016.07.002 · Cited by 80
Xia, H., Glueck, M., Annett, M., Wang, M. S.-Y., & Wigdor, D. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3503537 · Cited by 81
“, for older adults [179, 253], as well as with users who have motor [388], or visual impairments [142, 143, 145].”
BackgroundMobile device accessibility for the visually impaired: problems mapping and recommendations
Damaceno, R. J. P., Braga, J. C., & Mena-Chalco, J. P. (2018) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-017-0540-1 · Cited by 73
“[26], has hindered the use of mobile devices by this part of the population.”
BackgroundCarvalho, M. C. N., Dias, F. S., Reis, A. G. S., & Freire, A. P. (2018) · Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing · doi:10.1145/3167132.3167349 · Cited by 75
“[7] explored the differences of gestures used by blind and sighted people when using touch screen devices, with the goal of designing guidelines for accessible touch-screen interfaces.”
BackgroundBetween-Subjects Elicitation Studies
Vatavu, R.-D., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2016) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2858036.2858228 · Cited by 73
“…agreement rates of different groups of participants opens new ways to understand user-elicited data, not possible before this work; e.g. , we can now investigate the effect of age group [39], gender [44], technical expertise [44], disability [20], gesture implementer [2], etc., on agreement.”
BackgroundSelf-citationOh, U., Kane, S. K., & Findlater, L. (2013) · ASSETS '13 · doi:10.1145/2513383.2513455 · Cited by 68
“, [1, 3, 11, 13]), the gesture learning process has been largely ignored.”
BackgroundSelf-citationGuy, R. T., & Truong, K. N. (2012) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2207676.2207733 · Cited by 67
“Touch screens have differing levels of sensitivity, so gestures need to be designed with the specific capabilities of both the device and the user in mind [15].”
BackgroundBraillePlay: educational smartphone games for blind children
Milne, L., Bennett, C. L., Ladner, R. E., & Azenkot, S. (2014) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/2661334.2661377 · Cited by 79
“The games have speech output with high-contrast but minimal graphics, large print, and gestures that follow accessible design guidelines [20, 21].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationTanaka, A., & Parkinson, A. (2016) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2858036.2858304 · Cited by 73
“Kane et al [13] explore touch screen gestures, revealing that visually impaired users have different preferences for gestures than sighted users, preferring, for instance, gestures that used the edge of the screen as a reference.”
BackgroundExploring Accessible Smartwatch Interactions for People with Upper Body Motor Impairments
Malu, M., Chundury, P., & Findlater, L. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3174062 · Cited by 64
Designing Mid-Air TV Gestures for Blind People Using User- and Choice-Based Elicitation Approaches
Dim, N. K., Silpasuwanchai, C., Sarcar, S., & Ren, X. (2016) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/2901790.2901834 · Cited by 62
Khan, A., & Khusro, S. (2019) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-018-7094-y · Cited by 63
“The result of this study is consistent with earlier interventions pertains to the user experience of the visually impaired and blind people [8, 16, 27, 57].”
BackgroundResultBreaking the exclusionary boundary between user experience and access
Oswal, S. K. (2019) · ACM International Conference on Design of Communication (SIGDOC) · doi:10.1145/3328020.3353957 · Cited by 61
“arrived at several recommendations that challenged traditional design wisdom for mobile devices: 1) “avoid symbols used in print writing”, 2) “favor edges, corners, and other landmarks”, 3) “reduce demand for location accuracy”, 4) “limit time-based gesture processing”, and 5) “reproduce traditional spatial layouts wh…”
BackgroundWang, C., Hsiu, M.-C., Chiu, P.-T., Chang, C.-H., Chan, L., Chen, B., & Chen, M. Y. (2015) · International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI) · doi:10.1145/2785830.2785885 · Cited by 61
“Kane et al. [17] investigated the preference and performance of usable gestures for blind people.”
BackgroundDesigning Consistent Gestures Across Device Types
Dingler, T., Rzayev, R., Shirazi, A. S., & Henze, N. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3173993 · Cited by 61
“…developing gestures for mobile phones [27], head-worn displays [31], smart homes [16], cars [5], flexible displays [17], as well as for visually impaired users [14] While these guessability studies have been widely adopted, much less research investigated the consistency of gestures across devices.”
BackgroundChoi, D., Kwak, D., Cho, M., & Lee, S. (2020) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3313831.3376569 · Cited by 61
“, [16, 17, 36, 35, 39, 68]) may support seamless speech rate control, as in the study suggesting interactions with CA using different modalities [20].”
BackgroundDesigning concurrent full-body gestures for intense gameplay
Silpasuwanchai, C., & Ren, X. (2015) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2015.02.010 · Cited by 56
“For example, Kane et al. (2011) employed a user-elicitation approach to study how blind people use touch screen gestures.”
MethodThe challenges and potential of end-user gesture customization
Oh, U., & Findlater, L. (2013) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2470654.2466145 · Cited by 56
“…inspired by this method, including gestures for communicating between two devices [20], 3-dimensional gestures for mobile phones [36], flexible paper displays for mobile phones [22], 3-dimensional “touch free” interaction [13, 18], gestures for blind vs. sighted people [17], and text input [12].”
MethodBi, X., Chelba, C. I., Ouyang, T. Y., Partridge, K., & Zhai, S. (2012) · ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST) · doi:10.1145/2380116.2380136 · Cited by 57
Relative accuracy measures for stroke gestures
Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2013) · INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION · doi:10.1145/2522848.2522875 · Cited by 54
“, different user populations [9], input devices [17], or gesture types [11]) and thus foster improved gesture interface designs.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPark, K., Goh, T., & So, H. (2014) · doi:10.5555/2729485.2729491 · Cited by 54
Open Challenges of Blind People Using Smartphones
Rodrigues, A., Nicolau, H., Montague, K., Guerreiro, J., & Guerreiro, T. (2020) · International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1768672 · Cited by 53
“Although there has been some work on how to learn (Oh et al., 2013) and perform gestures on touchscreens (S. K. Kane et al., 2011; McGookin et al., 2008), it appears the challenges are not yet surpassed.”
BackgroundAnalyzing visually impaired people’s touch gestures on smartphones
Buzzi, M. C., Buzzi, M., Leporini, B., & Trujillo, A. (2017) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-016-3594-9 · Cited by 53
TypeInBraille: a braille-based typing application for touchscreen devices
Mascetti, S., Bernareggi, C., & Belotti, M. (2011) · The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility · doi:10.1145/2049536.2049614 · Cited by 68
“H.5.2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces—Haptic I/O ; H.5.2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces—Input devices and strate gies”
BackgroundInfluentialSerrano, M., Lecolinet, É., & Guiard, Y. (2013) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2470654.2481421 · Cited by 52
“Those results are consistent with previous research pointing out the fact that corners and physical edges are useful landmarks for both blind and sighted people [20].”
ResultGesture-Based Interactive Audio Guide on Tactile Reliefs
Reichinger, A., Fuhrmann, A., Maierhofer, S., & Purgathofer, W. (2016) · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/2982142.2982176 · Cited by 52
“Despite ongoing research on gestures for BVI people (e.g. [16]) and user-elicited gestures (e.g. [33]) these are only valid for dynamic interaction on flat screens, and are not directly applicable.”
BackgroundClarifying Agreement Calculations and Analysis for End-User Elicitation Studies
Vatavu, R.-D., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3476101 · Cited by 54
“For instance, the trait of preferring symmetric signs for dichotomous referents [111,141], or the trait of people who are blind to prefer edge-based gestures as well as gestures that involve tapping virtual keys on a keyboard for touchscreen input [53].”
BackgroundSelf-citationImproving Gesture Recognition Accuracy on Touch Screens for Users with Low Vision
Vatavu, R.-D. (2017) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3025453.3025941 · Cited by 51
“The only data available (for blind people) comes from Kane et al. [20], who employed the $N recognizer [2] and reported recognition rates between 44.9% and 78.7%, depending on the training condition.”
BackgroundInfluentialUnderstanding the consistency of users' pen and finger stroke gesture articulation
Anthony, L., Vatavu, R.-D., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2013) · Cited by 50
Self-citationVillarreal-Narvaez, S., Sluÿters, A., Vanderdonckt, J. M., & Vatavu, R.-D. (2023) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3636458 · Cited by 49
Lee, S., Chae, J., Kim, H.-J., Lim, Y.-K., & Lee, K.-P. (2013) · ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) · doi:10.1145/2493432.2493480 · Cited by 49
“Some other works [6, 19] were focused on specific issues to be understood by eliciting input actions from users.”
BackgroundComparing Computer-Based Drawing Methods for Blind People with Real-Time Tactile Feedback
Bornschein, J., Bornschein, D., & Weber, G. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3173689 · Cited by 48
“This is a great benefit as we know from literature and personal experience that on the one hand blind persons do perform gestures more inaccurate, and on the other hand they often would not prefer the same gestures like sighted users [22].”
BackgroundWang, R., Yu, C., Yang, X.-D., He, W., & Shi, Y. (2019) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300254 · Cited by 50
“BVI persons invented more gestures that used two hands than sighted persons [24] while multi-touch techniques [8] are nearly impossible to perform with one hand [31].”
BackgroundGAWA - Manager for accessibility Wayfinding apps
Rodríguez-Sánchez, M. C., & Martínez-Romo, J. (2017) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2017.05.011 · Cited by 41
BlindSense: An Accessibility-inclusive Universal User Interface for Blind People
Khan, A., Khusro, S., & Alam, I. (2018) · Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research · doi:10.48084/etasr.1895 · Cited by 44
“Even sighted people consume 66% of their time in editing and correcting text in an automatic speech recognizer output on the desktop system [25].”
BackgroundMethodAlajarmeh, N. (2022) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-020-00785-w · Cited by 44
“The study presented in [16] found that performing gestural interaction by users who are visually impaired has unique characteristics.”
BackgroundUser-elicited dual-hand interactions for manipulating 3D objects in virtual reality environments
Nanjappan, V., Liang, H., Lu, F., Papangelis, K., Yue, Y., & Man, K. L. (2018) · Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences · doi:10.1186/s13673-018-0154-5 · Cited by 44
Stroke-Gesture Input for People with Motor Impairments
Vatavu, R.-D., & Ungurean, O.-C. (2019) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300445 · Cited by 44
Crowdsourcing Similarity Judgments for Agreement Analysis in End-User Elicitation Studies
Ali, A. X., Morris, M. R., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2018) · ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST) · doi:10.1145/3242587.3242621 · Cited by 43
“’s [17], which had 22 referents and 880 symbols.”
BackgroundSelf-citationExamining Visual Semantic Understanding in Blind and Low-Vision Technology Users
Potluri, V., Grindeland, T. E., Froehlich, J. E., & Mankoff, J. C. (2021) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445040 · Cited by 45
“Though a rich literature examines how to enhance BLV access to and understanding of spatial information, it focuses on specialized interfaces or tasks, such as maps and navigation [2], access to diagrams and graphs [19, 32, 42] and touchscreens [36, 38].”
BackgroundConsistency of a Tactile Pattern Set
Prescher, D., Bornschein, J., & Weber, G. (2017) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3053723 · Cited by 43
“Tactual capabilities, mental models, and other influencing factors can greatly differ between those two groups [Kane et al. 2011; Ferres et al. 2013], but there are considerable individual differences within the groups, too.”
BackgroundAccessibility of High-Fidelity Prototyping Tools
Li, J., Tigwell, G. W., & Shinohara, K. (2021) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445520 · Cited by 42
“Efort has been made to improve web and mobile accessibility for screen reader users [12, 13, 16, 17, 21, 31], and to improve accessibility in the design process [11, 25, 37, 44].”
BackgroundDesign and User Satisfaction of Interactive Maps for Visually Impaired People
Brock, A., Truillet, P., Oriola, B., Picard, D., & Jouffrais, C. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31534-3_80 · Cited by 42
Anthony, L., Brown, Q., Nias, J., & Tate, B. (2013) · ACM International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC) · doi:10.1145/2485760.2485775 · Cited by 41
“Gesture set design [25,35], multitouch gestures [12,20], accessible gestures [21], and differences between pen/stylus and finger gesture input [33] are just some of the areas that have been examined, but none of these studies have included children.”
BackgroundSmartphone Usage by Expert Blind Users
Jain, M., Diwakar, N., & Swaminathan, M. (2021) · Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445074 · Cited by 41
“First, it is challenging for PVIs to learn how to perform touch-screen gestures [28, 45].”
BackgroundInfluentialVatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2014) · INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION · doi:10.1145/2663204.2663256 · Cited by 40
“…this question from several angles, such as users’ consensus for multi-stroke gesture production [2], analysis of the articulation characteristics of specific user groups [14], the effect of gesture implementer on articulation [27], and explorations of how gestures vary relative to each other [29].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationAli, A. X., Morris, M. R., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2019) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300485 · Cited by 40
Self-citationInteractive audio-tactile maps for visually impaired people
Brock, A., & Jouffrais, C. (2015) · ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing · doi:10.1145/2850440.2850441 · Cited by 49
Vatavu, R.-D. (2017) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2017.1279827 · Cited by 39
“Kane et al. (2011b) also examined di ff erences in touch gesture articulation performance between people with and without visual impairments for a large set of gesture types including taps, directional flicks, shapes, and symbols.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBrailleEnter: A Touch Screen Braille Text Entry Method for the Blind
Alnfiai, M. M., & Sampalli, S. (2017) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2017.05.349 · Cited by 38
Guerreiro, T., Montague, K., Guerreiro, J., Nunes, R., Nicolau, H., & Gonçalves, D. J. V. (2015) · Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Interactive Tabletops & Surfaces - ITS '15 · doi:10.1145/2817721.2817743 · Cited by 43
“Research has tried to improve these interfaces by leveraging gesture-based interaction, including understanding the preference and performance of both new and reference gestures [16], presenting new text-entry methods [12, 21] and browsing the interface using multitouch actions [15].”
BackgroundChiti, S., & Leporini, B. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31534-3_89 · Cited by 37
Differences and Similarities between Finger and Pen Stroke Gestures on Stationary and Mobile devices
Tu, H., Ren, X., & Zhai, S. (2015) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/2797138 · Cited by 37
“Previous studies also have shown that gesture performance can be affected by factors such as user populations [Anthony et al. 2013; Kane et al. 2011; Wobbrock et al. 2009], gesture feedback (visual and auditory feedback) [Andersen and Zhai 2010], ergonomic factors (sitting and walking) and…”
BackgroundInfluentialDesigning Motion Gesture Interfaces in Mobile Phones for Blind People
Dim, N. K., & Ren, X. (2014) · Journal of Computer Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s11390-014-1470-5 · Cited by 36
“This study was thus motivated to elicit the most preferable and ergonomic gestures for such interactions.”
BackgroundInteraction Design for Mobile Visual Search
Sang, J., Mei, T., Xu, Y., Zhao, C. G., Xu, C., & Li, S. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia · doi:10.1109/tmm.2013.2268052 · Cited by 36
SingleTapBraille: Developing a Text Entry Method Based on Braille Patterns Using a Single Tap
Alnfiai, M. M., & Sampalli, S. (2016) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2016.08.038 · Cited by 36
DigiTaps: eyes-free number entry on touchscreens with minimal audio feedback
Azenkot, S., Bennett, C. L., & Ladner, R. E. (2013) · Proceedings of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology · doi:10.1145/2501988.2502056 · Cited by 35
“While they are efficient for sighted people [28], they are not appropriate for blind people who may not know what printed letters look like [14].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPictures in Your Mind: Using Interactive Gesture-Controlled Reliefs to Explore Art
Reichinger, A., Carrizosa, H. G., Wood, J., Schröder, S., Löw, C., Luidolt, L. R., Schimkowitsch, M., Fuhrmann, A., Maierhofer, S., & Purgathofer, W. (2018) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3155286 · Cited by 34
Götzelmann, T., & Winkler, K. (2015) · International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA) · doi:10.1145/2769493.2769497 · Cited by 34
“Blind persons are able to initiate even more complex commands by gestures [15].”
BackgroundAlnfiai, M., & Sampalli, S. (2016) · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/2982142.2982161 · Cited by 33
Zhou, H., Lu, T., Liu, Y., Zhang, S., & Gowda, M. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3534587 · Cited by 38
Lü, H., Fogarty, J. A., & Li, Y. (2014) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2556288.2557263 · Cited by 33
“As in Figure 11, and as discussed by Kane et al. [11], recognizer performance can be dramatically impacted by variations.”
MethodVatavu, R.-D., & Ungurean, O.-C. (2022) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3491102.3501964 · Cited by 32
A study of unidirectional swipe gestures on in-vehicle touch screens
Burnett, G., Crundall, E., Large, D. R., Lawson, G., & Skrypchuk, L. (2013) · International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI) · doi:10.1145/2516540.2516545 · Cited by 30
“These gestures generally include swipes and taps to browse menus, predefined discrete gestures to perform actions (such as a swipe in a specific direction or drawing a shape), or gestures in specific regions of the screen (see [4] for a review).”
BackgroundBraillePassword: accessible web authentication technique on touchscreen devices
Alnfiai, M., & Sampalli, S. (2019) · Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing · doi:10.1007/s12652-018-0860-x · Cited by 29
Eyes-free interaction with free-hand gestures and auditory menus
Kajastila, R., & Lokki, T. (2012) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2012.11.003 · Cited by 29
“…are several other ways to facilitate eyes-free browsing of auditory menus, e.g., (1) using robust gestures that reduce demand for location accuracy (Kane et al., 2011), (2) the use of familiar spatial layouts (Bonner et al., 2010), such as alphabetization or clock face, and (3) dynamic menu item…”
BackgroundDesigning a text entry multimodal keypad for blind users of touchscreen mobile phones
Buzzi, M. C., Buzzi, M., Leporini, B., & Trujillo, A. (2014) · Proceedings of the 16th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers & accessibility - ASSETS '14 · doi:10.1145/2661334.2661354 · Cited by 28
“Even though research confirms that blind users are able to draw and make gestures on touchscreens [9], it is very difficult for them to learn and use handwriting [13].”
BackgroundBrock, A. (2013) · ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing · doi:10.1145/2444800.2444802 · Cited by 28
Input/Output Devices and Interaction Techniques
Wigdor, D. (2014) · Chapman & Hall/CRC eBooks · doi:10.1201/b16812-25 · Cited by 30
Zhang, D., Zhou, L., Uchidiuno, J., & Kilic, I. D. Y. (2017) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3053733 · Cited by 31
“Many prior studies on accessibility technologies for this target user population involved 10 or fewer participants in user evaluation (e.g., [Bigham et al. 2007; Kane et al. 2008; Kane et al. 2011; Su et al. 2010; Yu et al. 2001]).”
BackgroundCarvalho, L. P., Peruzza, B. P. M., Santos, F. D. S., Ferreira, L. P., & Freire, A. P. (2016) · Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC) · doi:10.1145/3033701.3033718 · Cited by 27
“Kane et al. [10] investigated how to improve accessible interaction in mobile devices by using better gestures to help visually-impaired users.”
BackgroundEdgeBraille: Braille-based text input for touch devices
Mattheiss, E. E., Regal, G., Schrammel, J., Garschall, M., & Tscheligi, M. (2015) · Journal of Assistive Technologies · doi:10.1108/jat-10-2014-0028 · Cited by 26
A11yBoard: Making Digital Artboards Accessible to Blind and Low-Vision Users
Zhang, Z., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3580655 · Cited by 26
Self-citationSubash, N., Nambiar, S., & Kumar, V. (2012) · International Conference on Intelligent Human Computer Interaction · doi:10.1109/ihci.2012.6481790 · Cited by 23
“To measure accuracy, the MSD Error Rate was used, calculated as (presentedText,transcribedText) / Max(|presentedText|,|transcribedText|) * 100 [11].”
MethodToward accessibility with usability
Siebra, C., Gouveia, T. B., Macêdo, J., da Silva, F. Q. B., Santos, A. L. M., Correia, W. F. M., Penha, M., Anjos, M., & Florentin, F. (2017) · International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM) · doi:10.1145/3022227.3022233 · Cited by 26
“Kane et al. [4], for example, have proposed an accessibility guideline, however it is only focused on a particular scenario associated with the elicitation of gestures for visual impairment.”
BackgroundLeiva, L. A., Martín-Albo, D., Réjean Plamondon, B., & Vatavu, R.-D. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3173813 · Cited by 26
“[18] examined specific gesture features, such as “location accuracy” or “line steadiness” to contrast touch gestures produced by people with and without visual impairments.”
BackgroundA Multi-Modal Approach for Blind and Visually Impaired Developers to Edit Webpage Designs
Potluri, V., He, L., Chen, C., Froehlich, J. E., & Mankoff, J. C. (2019) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/3308561.3354626 · Cited by 25
“[7] and leveraging the familiarity of edge elements [8].”
BackgroundUnderstanding Wheelchair Users’ Preferences for On-Body, In-Air, and On-Wheelchair Gestures
Bilius, L.-B., Ungurean, O.-C., & Vatavu, R.-D. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3580929 · Cited by 28
TADA: Making Node-link Diagrams Accessible to Blind and Low-Vision People
Zhao, Y., Nacenta, M. A., Sukhai, M. A., & Somanath, S. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642222 · Cited by 25
“Our design aligns with existing guidelines towards this goal such as Kane et al.’s [65], who recommend multi-touch gestures for BLV people and suggest allowing approximate targeting methods [65].”
MethodTyphlex: Exploring Deformable Input for Blind Users Controlling a Mobile Screen Reader
Ernst, M., Swan, T., Cheung, V., & Girouard, A. (2017) · IEEE Pervasive Computing · doi:10.1109/mprv.2017.3971123 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Kane, S. K., Wobbrock, J. O., & Ladner, R. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2011-05-07
- Pages
- 413-422
- OpenAlex
- W2136691781
- Cited by
- 314
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 45.03
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Digital Accessibility for Disabilities
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Interactive and Immersive Displays
- Keywords
- blind users, touch screen interface, touch gestures, accessibility, gesture elicitation, gesture performance, virtual keyboard, design guidelines, tablet computers, user study
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