Trusting Virtual Agents: The Effect of Personality
Abstract
We present artificial intelligent (AI) agents that act as interviewers to engage with a user in a text-based conversation and automatically infer the user's personality traits. We investigate how the personality of an AI interviewer and the inferred personality of a user influences the user's trust in the AI interviewer from two perspectives: the user's willingness to confide in and listen to an AI interviewer. We have developed two AI interviewers with distinct personalities and deployed them in a series of real-world events. We present findings from four such deployments involving 1,280 users, including 606 actual job applicants. Notably, users are more willing to confide in and listen to an AI interviewer with a serious, assertive personality in a high-stakes job interview. Moreover, users’ personality traits, inferred from their chat text, along with interview context, influence their perception of and their willingness to confide in and listen to an AI interviewer. Finally, we discuss the design implications of our work on building hyper-personalized, intelligent agents.
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Chatbot personality has been shown to affect trust.
“Chatbot personality has been shown to affect trust [11,12], engagement [6], subjective satisfaction [13,14], and consumer behavior [6].”
From Interacting with a Chatbot-Based Advising System: Understanding the Effect of Chatbot Personality and User Gender on Behavior (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Zhou, M. X., Mark, G., Li, J., & Yang, H.
- Affiliations
- Juji, Inc., San Jose
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Venue
- ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
- Published
- 2019-03-18
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 1-36
- ISSN
- 2160-6455 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-6463
- OpenAlex
- W2924196385
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 21.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-15-C-0032)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI in Service Interactions
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › AI and HR Technologies
- Keywords
- virtual agents, trust in AI, personality inference, text-based conversation, job interviews, hyper-personalization, personality traits, chatbots
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