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The Circumgalactic Medium
Open accessAbstract
The gas surrounding galaxies outside their disks or interstellar medium and inside their virial radii is known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM). In recent years this component of galaxies has assumed an important role in our understanding of galaxy evolution owing to rapid advances in observational access to this diffuse, nearly invisible material. Observations and simulations of this component of galaxies suggest that it is a multiphase medium characterized by rich dynamics and complex ionization states. The CGM is a source for a galaxy's star-forming fuel, the venue for galactic feedback and recycling, and perhaps the key regulator of the galactic gas supply. We review our evolving knowledge of the CGM with emphasis on its mass, dynamical state, and coevolution with galaxies. Observations from all redshifts and from across the electromagnetic spectrum indicate that CGM gas has a key role in galaxy evolution. We summarize the state of this field and pose unanswered questions for future research.
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“Observationally, the total mass and density profile of the CGM in MW-mass galaxies are poorly determined and this is likely to remain so for years to come”
From The milky way total mass profile as inferred from Gaia DR2 (2020) · cites this paper as Tumlinson et al. 2017
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The milky way total mass profile as inferred from Gaia DR2
Cautun, M., Benítez-Llambay, A., Deason, A. J., Frenk, C. S., Fattahi, A., Gómez, F. A., Grand, R. J. J., Oman, K. A., Navarro, J. F., & Simpson, C. M. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1017 · Cited by 332
“Observationally, the total mass and density profile of the CGM in MW-mass galaxies are poorly determined and this is likely to remain so for years to come (e.g. Tumlinson et al. 2017).”
BackgroundThe Milky Way total mass profile as inferred from Gaia DR2
Cautun, M., Benitez-Llambay, A., Deason, A. J., Frenk, C. S., Fattahi, A., Gómez, F. A., Grand, R. J. J., Oman, K. A., Navarro, J. F., & Simpson, C. M. (2019) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1911.04557 · Cited by 335
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Davies, J. J., Crain, R. A., Oppenheimer, B. D., & Schaye, J. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3201 · Cited by 167
Massive Warm/Hot Galaxy Coronae. II. Isentropic Model
Faerman, Y., Sternberg, A., & McKee, C. F. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffc · Cited by 71
The Galactic center chimneys: the base of the multiphase outflow of the Milky Way
Ponti, G., Morris, M. R., Churazov, E., Heywood, I., & Fender, R. P. (2021) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039636 · Cited by 50
Hani, M. H., Ellison, S. L., Sparre, M., Grand, R. J. J., Pakmor, R., Gomez, F. A., & Springel, V. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1708 · Cited by 20
A CO funnel in the Galactic centre: Molecular counterpart of the northern Galactic chimney
Veena, V. S., Riquelme, D., Kim, W.-J., Menten, K. M., Schilke, P., Sormani, M. C., Banda-Barragán, W. E., Wyrowski, F., Fuller, G. A., & Cheema, A. (2023) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346702 · Cited by 14
“These outflows extend from dense star-forming regions near the galactic mid-planes up to several kiloparsec away from them and are capable of ejecting ionised, atomic, and molecular gas from their host galaxies (Tumlinson et al. 2017).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Tumlinson, J., Peeples, M. S., & Werk, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2017-08-18
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 389-432
- ISSN
- 0066-4146 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4282
- OpenAlex
- W2561281082
- Cited by
- 1,147
- References
- 224
- Citations by year
- 2026: 122 · 2025: 181 · 2024: 173 · 2023: 154 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 7.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Keywords
- circumgalactic medium, galaxy evolution, multiphase gas, ionization state, galactic feedback, gas recycling, intergalactic medium
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