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Cited by 741Folate and B Vitamins ResearchMetabolism and Genetic DisordersFatty Acid Research and Health

Choline: Critical Role During Fetal Development and Dietary Requirements in Adults

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Zeisel, Steven H.·2006·Annual Review of Nutrition
DOI 10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111156PMC PMC2441939
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Abstract

Choline is an essential nutrient needed for the structural integrity and signaling functions of cell membranes; for normal cholinergic neurotransmission; for normal muscle function; for lipid transport from liver; and it is the major source of methyl groups in the diet. Choline is critical during fetal development, when it influences stem cell proliferation and apoptosis, thereby altering brain and spinal cord structure and function and influencing risk for neural tube defects and lifelong memory function. Choline is derived not only from the diet, but from de novo synthesis as well. Though many foods contain choline, there is at least a twofold variation in dietary intake in humans. When deprived of dietary choline, most men and postmenopausal women developed signs of organ dysfunction (fatty liver or muscle damage), while less than half of premenopausal women developed such signs. Aside from gender differences, there is significant variation in the dietary requirement for choline that can be explained by very common genetic polymorphisms.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111156

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  • Choline is absorbed in the small intestine by mediated transport, whereas PtdCho is absorbed intact through lymph or hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipases and absorbed as glycerophosphocholine.

    “Choline is absorbed in the small intestine via mediated transport, whereas PtdCho is absorbed intact via the lymphatic system or is hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipases and absorbed as glycerophosphocholine (125).”

    From Trimethylamine <i>N</i> -Oxide, the Microbiome, and Heart and Kidney Disease (2017) · cites this paper as [125]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Zeisel, S. H.
Affiliations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Corresponding author
Zeisel, Steven H.
ORCID
Zeisel, Steven H.
Venue
Annual Review of Nutrition
Publisher
Annual Reviews
Published
2006-08-01
Volume
26
Issue
1
Pages
229-250
ISSN
  • 0199-9885 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-4312
DOI
10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111156
PMC
PMC2441939
OpenAlex
W2166757392
Cited by
741
References
1
Citations by year
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FWCI
3.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annual Review of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (P01AG009525, AG 09525)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK055865, DK-55865, DK56350, P30DK056350)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES012997, ES 10126, R21ES012997, P30ES010126)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR00046, M01RR000046)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Keywords
choline, fetal development, choline deficiency, neural tube defects, memory function, cholinergic neurotransmission, hepatic steatosis, muscle damage, sex differences, genetic polymorphism, plasma membrane integrity
MeSH terms
Brain, Choline, Choline Deficiency, Female, Humans, Male, Nutritional Requirements, Polymorphism, Genetic, Pregnancy, Sex Factors, Fetal Development

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