Metabolic, Epigenetic, and Transgenerational Effects of Gut Bacterial Choline Consumption
Open accessAbstract
Choline is an essential nutrient and methyl donor required for epigenetic regulation. Here, we assessed the impact of gut microbial choline metabolism on bacterial fitness and host biology by engineering a microbial community that lacks a single choline-utilizing enzyme. Our results indicate that choline-utilizing bacteria compete with the host for this nutrient, significantly impacting plasma and hepatic levels of methyl-donor metabolites and recapitulating biochemical signatures of choline deficiency. Mice harboring high levels of choline-consuming bacteria showed increased susceptibility to metabolic disease in the context of a high-fat diet. Furthermore, bacterially induced reduction of methyl-donor availability influenced global DNA methylation patterns in both adult mice and their offspring and engendered behavioral alterations. Our results reveal an underappreciated effect of bacterial choline metabolism on host metabolism, epigenetics, and behavior. This work suggests that interpersonal differences in microbial metabolism should be considered when determining optimal nutrient intake requirements.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The presence of the microbial cutC/D genes in human microbiota is associated with the ability to generate trimethylamine from choline, and with subsequent trimethylamine N-oxide accumulation.
“The presence of the microbial cutC/D genes in human microbiota are associated with the ability to generate TMA from choline120, and with subsequent TMAO accumulation121.”
From Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease. (2020) · cites this paper as [121]
Microbial metabolites including folate, butyrate and acetate are cofactors and allosteric regulators of epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and RNA interference.
“Microbial metabolites including folate, butyrate and acetate are cofactors and allosteric regulators of epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and RNA interference190–192.”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [190]
Available data suggest that epigenetic changes mediated by the gut microbiota are involved in the pathogenesis of dysbiosis-associated hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
“Together, the available data suggest that epigenetic changes mediated by the gut microbiota are involved in the pathogenesis of dysbiosis-associated hypertension and CKD.”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [190]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2
Langmead, B., & Salzberg, S. L. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1923 · Cited by 56,400 · see citing works
A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION
Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J. (1959) · Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1139/o59-099 · Cited by 54,751 · see citing works
RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome
Li, B., & Dewey, C. N. (2011) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-12-323 · Cited by 22,179 · see citing works
Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., Lesniewski, R. A., Oakley, B. B., Parks, D. H., Robinson, C. J., et al. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01541-09 · Cited by 20,966 · see citing works
One-step inactivation of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli K-12 using PCR products.
Datsenko, K., & Wanner, B. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.120163297 · Cited by 15,902 · see citing works
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
MetaHIT Consortium, Qin, J., Li, R., Raes, J., Arumugam, M., Burgdorf, K. S., Manichanh, C., Nielsen, T., Pons, N., Levenez, F., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08821 · Cited by 11,624 · see citing works
A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins
Turnbaugh, P. J., Hamady, M., Yatsunenko, T., Cantarel, B. L., Duncan, A., Ley, R. E., Sogin, M. L., Jones, W. J., Roe, B. A., Affourtit, J. P., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07540 · Cited by 7,823 · see citing works
Kozich, J. J., Westcott, S. L., Baxter, N. T., Highlander, S. K., & Schloss, P. D. (2013) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01043-13 · Cited by 7,004 · see citing works
Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease
Wang, Z., Klipfell, E., Bennett, B. J., Koeth, R., Levison, B. S., DuGar, B., Feldstein, A. E., Britt, E. B., Fu, X., Chung, Y.-M., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09922 · Cited by 5,597 · see citing works
Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis
Koeth, R. A., Wang, Z., Levison, B. S., Buffa, J. A., Org, E., Sheehy, B. T., Britt, E. B., Fu, X., Wu, Y., Li, L., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3145 · Cited by 4,386 · see citing works
ACETYLORNITHINASE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI: PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND SOME PROPERTIES
Vogel, H. J., & Bonner, D. M. (1956) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)65874-0 · Cited by 4,001 · see citing works
THE FUNCTION OF CYTIDINE COENZYMES IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDES
Kennedy, E. P., & Weiss, S. B. (1956) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50785-2 · Cited by 1,825 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ
Ahima, R. S., & Flier, J. S. (2000) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1043-2760(00)00301-5 · Cited by 1,608 · see citing works
Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior
Picciotto, M. R., Higley, M. J., & Mineur, Y. S. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.08.036 · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
EBSeq: an empirical Bayes hierarchical model for inference in RNA-seq experiments
Leng, N., Dawson, J. A., Thomson, J. A., Ruotti, V., Rissman, A. I., Smits, B. M. G., Haag, J. D., Gould, M. N., Stewart, R. M., & Kendziorski, C. M. (2013) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt087 · Cited by 1,304 · see citing works
Tang, W. H. W., Wang, Z., Kennedy, D. J., Wu, Y., Buffa, J. A., Agatisa-Boyle, B., Li, X. S., Levison, B. S., & Hazen, S. L. (2015) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.305360 · Cited by 1,223 · see citing works
Craig, S. A. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.3.539 · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
Choline: an essential nutrient for public health
Zeisel, S. H., & da Costa, K.-A. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00246.x · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
Host-Derived Nitrate Boosts Growth of <i>E. coli</i> in the Inflamed Gut
Winter, S. E., Winter, M. G., Xavier, M. N., Thiennimitr, P., Poon, V., Keestra, A. M., Laughlin, R. C., Gomez, G., Wu, J., Lawhon, S. D., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232467 · Cited by 1,019 · see citing works
Romano, K. A., Vivas, E. I., Amador-Noguez, D., & Rey, F. E. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02481-14 · Cited by 777 · see citing works
Self-citationCholine: Critical Role During Fetal Development and Dietary Requirements in Adults
Zeisel, S. H. (2006) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111156 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine requires a glycyl radical enzyme
Craciun, S., & Balskus, E. P. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1215689109 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
Self-citationSequence of Central Nervous System Myelination in Human Infancy. I. An Autopsy Study of Myelination
BRODY, B. A., KINNEY, H. C., KLOMAN, A. S., & GILLES, F. H. (1987) · Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-198705000-00005 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Metabolomic Analysis and Visualization Engine for LC−MS Data
Melamud, E., Vastag, L., & Rabinowitz, J. D. (2010) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac1021166 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Boden, G., Lebed, B., Schatz, M., Homko, C., & Lemieux, S. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.7.1612 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
McNulty, N. P., Yatsunenko, T., Hsiao, A., Faith, J. J., Muegge, B. D., Goodman, A. L., Henrissat, B., Oozeer, R., Cools-Portier, S., Gobert, G., et al. (2011) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002701 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Labile methyl balances for normal humans on various dietary regimens
Mudd, S. H., & Poole, J. R. (1975) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(75)90040-2 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Westcott, S. L., & Schloss, P. D. (2017) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/mspheredirect.00073-17 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Increased very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance
Choi, S. H., & Ginsberg, H. N. (2011) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2011.04.007 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
An Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Associated Diseases
Bhandary, B., Marahatta, A., Kim, H., & Chae, H. (2012) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms14010434 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
PPARγ in adipocyte differentiation and metabolism – Novel insights from genome‐wide studies
Siersbæk, R., Nielsen, R., & Mandrup, S. (2010) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.06.010 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
Keating, S. T., & El‐Osta, A. (2015) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.303936 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Relationship of Serum Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels with early Atherosclerosis in Humans
Randrianarisoa, E., Lehn-Stefan, A., Wang, X., Hoene, M., Peter, A., Heinzmann, S. S., Zhao, X., Königsrainer, I., Königsrainer, A., Balletshofer, B., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep26745 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Individuality and epigenetics in obesity
Campión, J., Milagro, F. I., & Martínez, J. A. (2009) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00595.x · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Metabolic Syndrome
Wang, J.-J., Wu, Z.-L., Li, D.-F., Li, N., Dindot, S., Satterfield, M., Bazer, F., & Wu, G.-Y. (2012) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2011.4381 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Miller, C. A., Corbin, K. D., da Costa, K.-A., Zhang, S., Zhao, X., Galanko, J. A., Blevins, T., Bennett, B. J., O’Connor, A., & Zeisel, S. H. (2014) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.087692 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Diabetes is Associated with Higher Trimethylamine N-oxide Plasma Levels
Dambrova, M., Latkovskis, G., Kuka, J., Strele, I., Konrade, I., Grinberga, S., Hartmane, D., Pugovics, O., Erglis, A., & Liepinsh, E. (2016) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-0035-1569330 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
DNA hypomethylation in the origin and pathogenesis of human diseases
Pogribny, I., & Beland, F. A. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-009-0015-5 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Martínez-del Campo, A., Bodea, S., Hamer, H. A., Marks, J. A., Haiser, H. J., Turnbaugh, P. J., & Balskus, E. P. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00042-15 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Self-citationA set of compatible tac promoter expression vectors.
Dykxhoorn, D. M., Pierre, R. S., & Linn, T. (1996) · Gene · doi:10.1016/0378-1119(96)00289-2 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Memory deficits and cholinergic impairments in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Gordon, I., Grauer, E., Genis, I., Sehayek, E., & Michaelson, D. M. (1995) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12006-p · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Price-Carter, M. L., Tingey, J., Bobik, T. A., & Roth, J. R. (2001) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.183.8.2463-2475.2001 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Microbiology Meets Big Data: The Case of Gut Microbiota–Derived Trimethylamine
Falony, G., Vieira-Silva, S., & Raes, J. (2015) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-091014-104422 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Epigenetics in Adipose Tissue, Obesity, Weight Loss, and Diabetes
Martínez, J. A., Milagro, F. I., Claycombe, K., & Schalinske, K. L. (2014) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.113.004705 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Plasma free fatty acid turnover rate in obesity
Björntorp, P., Bergman, H., & Varnauskas, E. (1969) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1969.tb07347.x · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Novel PCR Assay for Determining the Genetic Sex of Mice
McFarlane, L., Truong, V., Palmer, J. S., & Wilhelm, D. (2013) · Sexual Development · doi:10.1159/000348677 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
The Biosynthesis of Trimethylamine-N-Oxide
Baker, J. R., & Chaykin, S. (1962) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)60325-4 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Severe learning deficits in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice in a water maze task
Oitzl, M. S., Mulder, M. T., Lucassen, P. J., Havekes, L. M., Grootendorst, J., & de Kloet, E. R. (1997) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01448-5 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Lamark, T., Røkenes, T. P., McDougall, J., & Strøm, A. R. (1996) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.178.6.1655-1662.1996 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Ross, R. G., Hunter, S. K., Hoffman, M. C., McCarthy, L., Chambers, B. M., Law, A. J., Leonard, S., Zerbe, G. O., & Freedman, R. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15091188 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Regulation of hepatic secretion of very low density lipoprotein by dietary cholesterol.
Fungwe, T., Cagen, L. M., Wilcox, H., & Heimberg, M. (1992) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41538-x · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Liver Triglyceride Secretion and Lipid Oxidative Metabolism Are Rapidly Altered by Leptin in Vivo
Huang, W., Dedousis, N., Bandi, A., Lopaschuk, G. D., & O'Doherty, R. M. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2005-0731 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Dietary choline deficiency causes DNA strand breaks and alters epigenetic marks on DNA and histones
Zeisel, S. H. (2011) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.10.008 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
İlçöl, Y. Ö., Uncu, G., & Ulus, İ. H. (2002) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1076/apab.110.5.393.11832 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Zeisel, S. H. (2007) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1080/15216540701468954 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Brunst, K. J., Wright, R. O., DiGioia, K., Enlow, M. B., Fernandez, H., Wright, R. J., & Kannan, S. (2013) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980013003224 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Epigenetic regulation in obesity
Lavebratt, C., Almgren, M., & Ekström, T. J. (2011) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.178 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The effect of leptin on Lep expression is tissue-specific and nutritionally regulated
Wang, J., Liu, R., Liu, L., Chowdhury, R., Barzilai, N., Tan, J., & Rossetti, L. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/11335 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
McMahon, K. E., & Farrell, P. M. (1985) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0009-8981(85)90267-0 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Jameson, E., Doxey, A. C., Airs, R. L., Purdy, K. J., Murrell, J. C., & Chen, Y. (2016) · Microbial Genomics · doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000080 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nohara, K., Baba, T., Murai, H., Kobayashi, Y., Suzuki, T., Tateishi, Y., Matsumoto, M., Nishimura, N., & Sano, T. (2010) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-010-0611-z · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Surzenko, N., Friday, W. B., & Zeisel, S. H. (2015) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.15-282426 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Toll‐like receptor 5 in obesity: The role of gut microbiota and adipose tissue inflammation
Pekkala, S., Munukka, E., Kong, L., Pöllänen, E., Autio, R., Roos, C., Wiklund, P., Fischer‐Posovszky, P., Wabitsch, M., Alén, M., et al. (2015) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20993 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Bay, D. C., & Turner, R. J. (2012) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00666-12 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Extraction of DNA from Mouse Tails
Wang, Z., & Storm, D. R. (2006) · BioTechniques · doi:10.2144/000112255 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Analysis of fetal and neonatal urine using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Foxall, P. J. D., Bewley, S., Neild, G. H., Rodeck, C. H., & Nicholson, J. K. (1995) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/fn.73.3.f153 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
The association of serum choline with linear growth failure in young children from rural Malawi
Semba, R. D., Zhang, P., González‐Freire, M., Moaddel, R., Trehan, I., Maleta, K. M., Ordiz, M. I., Ferrucci, L., & MANARY, M. J. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.129684 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Deminice, R., de Castro, G. S. F., Francisco, L. V., da Silva, L. E. C. M., Cardoso, J. F. R., Frajacomo, F. T. T., Teodoro, B. G., dos Reis Silveira, L., & Jordao, A. A. (2015) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.11.014 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mellott, T. J., Kowall, N. W., G.‐Coviella, I. L., & Blusztajn, J. K. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.004 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Phenolic Amides Are Potent Inhibitors of <i>De Novo</i> Nucleotide Biosynthesis
Pisithkul, T., Jacobson, T. B., O'Brien, T. J., Stevenson, D. M., & Amador-Noguez, D. (2015) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01324-15 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationMice lacking chromogranins exhibit increased aggressive and depression-like behaviour
Pereda, D., Pardo, M. R., Morales, Y. G., Domínguez, N., Arnau, M. R., & Borges, R. (2014) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.09.022 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gut microbial metabolites as multi-kingdom intermediates
Krautkramer, K. A., Fan, J., & Bäckhed, F. (2021) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0438-4 · Cited by 1,398 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease.
Witkowski, M., Weeks, T. L., & Hazen, S. L. (2020) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.120.316242 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
The gut microbiome: Relationships with disease and opportunities for therapy
Durack, J., & Lynch, S. V. (2018) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20180448 · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications on the path to cancer
Sun, L., Zhang, H., & Gao, P. (2021) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-021-00846-7 · Cited by 796 · see citing works
The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease
Yang, T., Richards, E. M., Pepine, C. J., & Raizada, M. K. (2018) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/s41581-018-0018-2 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
Development of a gut microbe–targeted nonlethal therapeutic to inhibit thrombosis potential
Roberts, A. B., Gu, X., Buffa, J. A., Hurd, A. G., Wang, Z., Zhu, W., Gupta, N., Skye, S. M., Cody, D. B., Levison, B. S., et al. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0128-1 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
The impact of cellular metabolism on chromatin dynamics and epigenetics
Reid, M. A., Dai, Z., & Locasale, J. W. (2017) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb3629 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
The evolving metabolic landscape of chromatin biology and epigenetics
Dai, Z., Ramesh, V., & Locasale, J. W. (2020) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-020-0270-8 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Trimethylamine N-Oxide Binds and Activates PERK to Promote Metabolic Dysfunction
Chen, S., Henderson, A., Petriello, M. C., Romano, K. A., Gearing, M., Miao, J., Schell, M., Sandoval-Espinola, W. J., Tao, J., Sha, B., et al. (2019) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.021 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle
Wiedeman, A. M., Barr, S. I., Green, T., Xu, Z., Innis, S. M., & Kitts, D. D. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10101513 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Koh, A., & Bäckhed, F. (2020) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2020.03.005 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Abdolmaleky, H. M., & Zhou, J. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13080985 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Gut microbial metabolites in depression: understanding the biochemical mechanisms
Caspani, G., Kennedy, S. H., Foster, J. A., & Swann, J. R. (2019) · Microbial Cell · doi:10.15698/mic2019.10.693 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Microbiome: Focus on Causation and Mechanism
Fischbach, M. A. (2018) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.038 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Implication of gut microbiota metabolites in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
Brial, F., Lay, A. L., Dumas, M., & Gauguier, D. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-018-2901-1 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Arias, N., Arboleya, S., Allison, J., Kaliszewska, A., Higarza, S. G., Gueimonde, M., & Arias, J. L. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12082340 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Deciphering the Chemical Lexicon of Host–Gut Microbiota Interactions
Nicolas, G. R., & Chang, P. V. (2019) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2019.04.006 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Epigenetic Regulation at the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism
Miro-Blanch, J., & Yanes, O. (2019) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00638 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Skye, S. M., Zhu, W., Romano, K. A., Guo, C.-J., Wang, Z., Jia, X., Kirsop, J., Haag, B., Lang, J. M., DiDonato, J. A., et al. (2018) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.118.313142 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationDepletion of microbiome-derived molecules in the host using Clostridium genetics
Guo, C., Allen, B. M., Hiam-Galvez, K. J., Dodd, D., Treuren, W. V., Higginbottom, S. K., Nagashima, K., Fischer, C. R., Sonnenburg, J. L., Spitzer, M. H., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav1282 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Gut microbes impact stroke severity via the trimethylamine N-oxide pathway
Zhu, W., Romano, K. A., Li, L., Buffa, J. A., Sangwan, N., Prakash, P., Tittle, A. N., Li, X. S., Fu, X., Androjna, C., et al. (2021) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.002 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citationShort-chain fatty acids activate acetyltransferase p300
Thomas, S. P., & Denu, J. M. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.72171 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The Epigenetic Connection Between the Gut Microbiome in Obesity and Diabetes
Sharma, M., Li, Y., Stoll, M. L., & Tollefsbol, T. O. (2020) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01329 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Epigenetics in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure
Liu, C., & Tang, W. H. W. (2019) · JACC Basic to Translational Science · doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.05.011 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Metabolic programs tailor T cell immunity in viral infection, cancer, and aging
Møller, S. H., Hsueh, P., Yu, Y.-R., Zhang, L., & Ho, P. (2022) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.02.003 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Small talk: microbial metabolites involved in the signaling from microbiota to brain
Caspani, G., & Swann, J. R. (2019) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2019.08.001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Genetic determinants of gut microbiota composition and bile acid profiles in mice
Kemis, J. H., Linke, V., Barrett, K. L., Boehm, F. J., Traeger, L. L., Keller, M. P., Rabaglia, M. E., Schueler, K. L., Stapleton, D. S., Gatti, D. M., et al. (2019) · PLOS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008073 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationBeaumont, M., Paës, C., Mussard, E., Knudsen, C., Cauquil, L., Aymard, P., Barilly, C., Gabinaud, B., Zemb, O., Fourré, S., et al. (2020) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1747335 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Precision (Personalized) Nutrition: Understanding Metabolic Heterogeneity
Zeisel, S. H. (2020) · Annual Review of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051736 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Ortega, M. A., Álvarez-Mon, M. Á., Montero, C. G., Fraile‐Μartinez, O., Guijarro, L. G., Lahera, G., Monserrat, J., Valls, P., Mora, F., Rodríguez–Jiménez, R., et al. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12010050 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Buffa, J. A., Romano, K. A., Copeland, M. F., Cody, D. B., Zhu, W., Galvez, R., Fu, X., Ward, K., Ferrell, M., Dai, H. J., et al. (2021) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-021-01010-x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationVitamin B-12 and the Gastrointestinal Microbiome: A Systematic Review
Guetterman, H. M., Huey, S. L., Knight, R. D., Fox, A. M., Mehta, S., & Finkelstein, J. L. (2021) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmab123 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Epigenetics in depression and gut-brain axis: A molecular crosstalk
Begum, N., Mandhare, A., Tryphena, K. P., Srivastava, S., Shaikh, M. F., Singh, S. B., & Khatri, D. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.1048333 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Martínez, B. A., Hoyle, R. G., Yeudall, S., Granade, M. E., Harris, T., Castle, J., Leitinger, N., & Bland, M. L. (2020) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009192 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Gut bacterial phospholipase Ds support disease-associated metabolism by generating choline
Chittim, C. L., Campo, A. M.-D., & Balskus, E. P. (2018) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-018-0294-4 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationMetabolic functions of the human gut microbiota: the role of metalloenzymes
Rajakovich, L. J., & Balskus, E. P. (2018) · Natural Product Reports · doi:10.1039/c8np00074c · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationAnwar, S., Bhandari, U., Panda, B. P., Dubey, K., Khan, W., & Ahmad, S. (2018) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.027 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
The gut microbiota mediates protective immunity against tuberculosis via modulation of lncRNA
Yang, F., Yang, Y., Chen, L., Zhang, Z., Liu, L., Zhang, C., Mai, Q., Chen, Z., Chen, Z., Lin, T., et al. (2022) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2029997 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Wang, C., Wan, J., Yao, H., & Yuan, C. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22136933 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Transcriptome-wide reprogramming of N6-methyladenosine modification by the mouse microbiome
Wang, X., Li, Y., Chen, W., Shi, H., Eren, A. M., Morozov, A., He, C., Luo, G., & Pan, T. (2018) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/s41422-018-0127-2 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Rekdal, V. M., Bernardino, P. N., Luescher, M. U., Kiamehr, S., Le, C.-D., Bisanz, J. E., Turnbaugh, P. J., Bess, E. N., & Balskus, E. P. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.50845 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationLocal and systemic effects of microbiome‐derived metabolites
Spivak, I., Fluhr, L., & Elinav, E. (2022) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.202255664 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Communication Between the Microbiota and Mammalian Immunity
Ost, K. S., & Round, J. L. (2018) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-090817-062307 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Kaur, H., Singh, Y., Singh, S., & Singh, R. B. (2020) · Genome · doi:10.1139/gen-2020-0136 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Rajakovich, L. J., Fu, B., Bollenbach, M., & Balskus, E. P. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2101498118 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationTranscription Factors That Govern Development and Disease: An Achilles Heel in Cancer
Huilgol, D., Venkataramani, P., Nandi, S., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2019) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes10100794 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and associated metabolites: key players in high-fat diet-induced chronic diseases
Du, W., Zou, Z., Ye, B., & Zhou, Y. Q. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2494703 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Rivera, S. F., Vasselon, V., Bouchez, A., & Rimet, F. (2019) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105775 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Mudimela, S., Vishwanath, N. K., Pillai, A., Morales, R., Marrelli, S. P., Barichello, T., & Giridharan, V. V. (2022) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2022.08.002 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Reichard, C. A., Naelitz, B. D., Wang, Z., Jia, X., Li, J., Stampfer, M. J., Klein, E. A., Hazen, S. L., & Sharifi, N. (2021) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0766 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Orman, M., Bodea, S., Funk, M. A., Campo, A. M.-D., Bollenbach, M., Drennan, C. L., & Balskus, E. P. (2018) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.8b04883 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationThe emerging role of gut microbial metabolism on cardiovascular disease
Kasahara, K., & Rey, F. E. (2019) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2019.09.007 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationKolli, U., Jalodia, R., Moidunny, S., Singh, P. K., Ban, Y. J., Tao, J., Cantu, G. N., Valdes, E., Ramakrishnan, S., & Roy, S. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2246184 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Targeting DNA Methylation in the Adult Brain through Diet
Allison, J., Kaliszewska, A., Uceda, S., Reiriz, M., & Arias, N. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113979 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
Chi, L., Tu, P., Ru, H., & Lü, K. (2021) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2021.1921912 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Jameson, E., Quareshy, M., & Chen, Y. (2018) · Methods · doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.03.012 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and brain function
Tengeler, A. C., Kozicz, T., & Kiliaan, A. J. (2018) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy016 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Environment factors, DNA methylation, and cancer
Liu, J., Huang, B., Ding, F., & Li, Y. (2023) · Environmental Geochemistry and Health · doi:10.1007/s10653-023-01749-8 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Goh, Y. Q., Cheam, G., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03077 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Global research progress of gut microbiota and epigenetics: bibliometrics and visualized analysis
Tian, S. I. P., & Chen, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1412640 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Developmental Signatures of Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in the Mouse Brain
Swann, J. R., Spitzer, S. O., & Heijtz, R. D. (2020) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo10050172 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Gut Biofactory—Neurocompetent Metabolites within the Gastrointestinal Tract. A Scoping Review
Skonieczna‐Żydecka, K., Jakubczyk, K., Maciejewska, D., Janda, K., Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka, K., Kaczmarczyk, M., Łoniewski, I., & Marlicz, W. M. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113369 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The gut microbiota–brain axis: Role of the gut microbial metabolites of dietary food in obesity
Song, X., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Weng, P., Liu, L., Zhang, R., & Wu, Z. (2022) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110971 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Meng, Y., Zheng, X., Fan, J., Cheng, W., Yan, T., Lai, Y., Zhang, N., Lu, Y., Qi, J., Huo, Z., et al. (2024) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202307981 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., Zhang, H., Yi, Z., Ma, H., Wang, X., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Zheng, Y., Fang, W. J., et al. (2024) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-024-01344-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Jeong, S., Chokkalla, A. K., Davis, C. K., & Vemuganti, R. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02099-8 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Glycyl Radical Enzyme-Associated Microcompartments: Redox-Replete Bacterial Organelles
Ferlez, B. H., Sutter, M., & Kerfeld, C. A. (2019) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02327-18 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and epigenetic inheritance: implications for the development of IBD
Guo, X., Li, J.-H., Xu, J., Zhang, L., Huang, C., Nie, Y., & Zhou, Y.-L. (2025) · Gut microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2490207 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Liu, J., Yu, J., & Peng, X. (2020) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05943 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Enterobacter ludwigii protects DSS-induced colitis through choline-mediated immune tolerance
Li, Q., Sun, X., Yu, K., Lv, J., Miao, C., Yang, J., Wang, S., Fu, Z., Sun, Y.-M., Zhang, H., et al. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111308 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Metabolomic Profile in Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
Franczyk, B., Gluba-Brzózka, A., Ławiński, J., Rysz-Górzyńska, M., & Rysz, J. (2021) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo11080495 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Rubas, N. C., Torres, A., & Maunakea, A. K. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26178658 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Use of dietary phytochemicals for inhibition of trimethylamine N-oxide formation
Iglesias‐Carres, L., Hughes, M. D., Steele, C. N., Ponder, M. A., Davy, K. P., & Neilson, A. P. (2021) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108600 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Romano, K. A., Dill‐McFarland, K. A., Kasahara, K., Kerby, R. L., Vivas, E. I., Amador‐Noguez, D., Herd, P., & Rey, F. E. (2018) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0458-8 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationWei, D., Li, Y., Che, M., Li, C., Wu, Q., & Sun, C. (2022) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04412-0 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Experimental Microbiomes: Models Not to Scale
Chevrette, M. G., Bratburd, J. R., Currie, C. R., & Stubbendieck, R. M. (2019) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00175-19 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Cappuccilli, M. L., Bergamini, C., Giacomelli, F. A., Cianciolo, G., Donati, G., Conte, D., Natali, T., Manna, G. L., & Capelli, I. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12051234 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Matacchione, G., Piacenza, F., Pimpini, L., Rosati, Y., & Marcozzi, S. (2024) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-024-01786-9 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
A Conceptual Framework for Studying and Investing in Precision Nutrition
Zeisel, S. H. (2019) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00200 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Distinct N and C Cross-Feeding Networks in a Synthetic Mouse Gut Consortium
Escriva, P. P., Fuhrer, T., & Sauer, U. (2022) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.01484-21 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hong, Z.-S., Xie, J., Wang, X., Dai, J., Mao, J.-Y., Bai, Y., Sheng, J., & Tian, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.924178 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
You are affected by what your parents eat: Diet, epigenetics, transgeneration and intergeneration
Guo, T., Luo, F., & Lin, Q. (2020) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.021 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Cai, H., Wen, Z., Zhao, L., Yu, D., Meng, K., & Yang, P. (2022) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.29219/fnr.v66.7974 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Kim, S.-J., Bale, S., Verma, P., Wan, Q., Ma, F., Gudjonsson, J. E., Hazen, S. L., Harms, P. W., Tsou, P., Khanna, D., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104669 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Colitis-associated intestinal microbiota regulates brain glycine and host behavior in mice
Morozova, M. V., Borisova, M. A., Snytnikova, O. A., Achasova, K. M., Litvinova, E. A., Tsentalovich, Y. P., & Kozhevnikova, E. N. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19219-z · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Prokaryotic Organelles: Bacterial Microcompartments in E. coli and Salmonella
Stewart, K. L., Stewart, A. M., & Bobik, T. A. (2020) · EcoSal Plus · doi:10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0025-2019 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
D’Addario, C., Pucci, M., Bellia, F., Girella, A., Sabatucci, A., Fanti, F., Vismara, M. E. M., Benatti, B., Ferrara, L., Fasciana, F., et al. (2022) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-022-01264-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Race, the microbiome and colorectal cancer
Royston, K. J., Adedokun, B., & Olopade, O. I. (2019) · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology · doi:10.4251/wjgo.v11.i10.773 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Depression-associated gut microbes, metabolites and clinical trials
Wang, M., Song, Z., Lai, S., Tang, F., Dou, L., & Yang, F. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1292004 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Gut Microbial Regulation of Epigenetic Modification from a Metabolic Perspective
Lin, X., Han, H. L., Wang, N., Wang, C., Qi, M., Wang, J., & Liu, G. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137175 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A Crosstalk between Diet, Microbiome and microRNA in Epigenetic Regulation of Colorectal Cancer
Guz, M., Jeleniewicz, W., Malm, A., & Korona‐Głowniak, I. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072428 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
Nohesara, S., Abdolmaleky, H. M., & Thiagalingam, S. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14071506 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
wild-type choline TMA lyase in complex with betaine aldehyde
Funk, M. A., & Drennan, C. L. (2018) · Worldwide Protein Data Bank · doi:10.2210/pdb6nd3/pdb · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Methyl Donor Nutrients in Chronic Kidney Disease: Impact on the Epigenetic Landscape
Mafra, D., Esgalhado, M., Borges, N. A., Cardozo, L. F. M. F., Stockler-Pinto, M. B., Craven, H., Buchanan, S. J., Lindholm, B., Stenvinkel, P., & Shiels, P. G. (2019) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy289 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Effect of microbiota metabolites on the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Sun, X. L., Pan, C. Q., & Xing, H. (2021) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-021-10230-6 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Precision medicine in perinatal depression in light of the human microbiome
Bernabé, B. P., Maki, P. M., Dowty, S. M., Salas, M. L. C., Cralle, L. E., Shah, Z., & Gilbert, J. A. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05436-4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Abdolmaleky, H. M., Nohesara, S., Zhou, J.-R., & Thiagalingam, S. (2025) · Epigenomics · doi:10.1080/17501911.2025.2464529 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Salas‐Pérez, F., Assmann, T. S., Ramos-López, O., Martínez, J. A., Riezu‐Boj, J. I., & Milagro, F. I. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15071550 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Deciphering Human Gut Microbiota–Nutrient Interactions: A Role for Biochemistry
Chittim, C. L., Irwin, S. M., & Balskus, E. P. (2018) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01277 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationLucas, L. N., Mallikarjun, J., Cattaneo, L. E., Gangwar, B., Zhang, Q., Clay, A. P., Kerby, R. L., Stevenson, D. M., Blackwell, H. E., Rey, F. E., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-68556-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Romano, K. A., Martinez-del Campo, A., Kasahara, K., Chittim, C. L., Vivas, E. I., Amador-Noguez, D., Balskus, E. P., & Rey, F. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Balskus, Emily P.
- Rey, Federico E.
- Venue
- Cell Host & Microbe
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 279-290.e7
- ISSN
- 1931-3128 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5599363
- OpenAlex
- W2750083495
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 7.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Host & Microbe (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH (DK108259)
- Smith Family Award for Biomedical Research
- Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering (2013-39267)
- Blavatnik Biomedical Accelerator Award
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (WIS01910)
- Hatch (WIS01901)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- choline metabolism, gut microbiota, methyl donors, DNA methylation, epigenetics, transgenerational effects, choline deficiency, high-fat diet, metabolic disorders, host behavior, microbial community engineering
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Choline, Female, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Male, Metabolic Diseases, Mice, Inbred C57BL, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
