Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 598

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Open access
Weber, Adam Z., Borup, Rodney L., Darling, Robert M., Das, Prodip K., Dursch, Thomas J., Gu, Wenbin, Harvey, David, Kusoglu, Ahmet, Litster, Shawn, Mench, Matthew M., Mukundan, Rangachary, Owejan, Jon P., Pharoah, Jon G., Secanell, Marc, Zenyuk, Iryna V.·2014·Journal of The Electrochemical Society
DOI 10.1149/2.0751412jes
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Polymer-electrolyte fuel cells are a promising energy-conversion technology. Over the last several decades significant progress has been made in increasing their performance and durability, of which continuum-level modeling of the transport processes has played an integral part. In this review, we examine the state-of-the-art modeling approaches, with a goal of elucidating the knowledge gaps and needs going forward in the field. In particular, the focus is on multiphase flow, especially in terms of understanding interactions at interfaces, and catalyst layers with a focus on the impacts of ionomer thin-films and multiscale phenomena. Overall, we highlight where there is consensus in terms of modeling approaches as well as opportunities for further improvement and clarification, including identification of several critical areas for future research.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1149/2.0751412jes

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 19 references

Research works printed but not linked: 501

  1. 10.1021/cr020718s · DOI · Paper page
  2. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.01.078 · DOI
  3. 10.1016/j.energy.2006.08.007 · DOI
  4. 10.1002/er.1730 · DOI
  5. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.09.030 · DOI · Paper page
  6. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.12.011 · DOI
  7. 10.1021/cr200424d · DOI · Paper page
  8. 10.1021/cr050182l · DOI · Paper page
  9. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.012 · DOI · Paper page
  10. 10.1063/1.2387087 · DOI
  11. 10.1021/cr0207123 · DOI · Paper page
  12. 10.1016/j.rser.2010.08.024 · DOI
  13. 10.1149/1.2043959 · DOI · Paper page
  14. 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00401-5 · DOI
  15. 10.1149/1.2221258 · DOI · Paper page
  16. 10.1149/1.2068992 · DOI
  17. 10.1016/0013-4686(94)00289-D · DOI
  18. 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00164-3 · DOI
  19. 10.1016/S0013-4686(98)00127-3 · DOI · Paper page
  20. 10.1149/1.2221251 · DOI · Paper page
  21. 10.1149/1.2085971 · DOI · Paper page
  22. 10.1149/1.2898130 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Gasteiger H. A. Gu W. Makharia R. Mathias M. F. Sompalli B. , Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology and Applications (John Wiley & Sons, 2003).
  24. Gu D. R. B. W. Liu Y. Gastieger H. A. ,Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications (John Wiley & Sons, 2009).
  25. Mench M. M. ,Fuel Cell Engines (Wiley, New York, 2008). · DOI · Paper page
  26. 10.1149/1.2352039 · DOI
  27. Mathias J. R. M. Fleming J. Lehnert W. ,Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications (John Wiley & Sons, 2003).
  28. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.06.099 · DOI
  29. Liu Y. Murphy M. W. Baker D. R. Gu W. Ji C. Jorne J. Gasteiger H. A. , in 7th Symposium Devoted to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells - 212th ECS Meeting, p. 473, Washington, DC (2007). · DOI
  30. 10.1149/1.3240877 · DOI
  31. 10.1149/1.2056194 · DOI · Paper page
  32. 10.1149/1.2400626 · DOI
  33. 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00335-6 · DOI · Paper page
  34. 10.1149/1.3152226 · DOI · Paper page
  35. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.06.075 · DOI
  36. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.06.092 · DOI
  37. 10.1149/1.3005564 · DOI
  38. 10.1149/2.005209jes · DOI
  39. 10.1002/aic.13911 · DOI
  40. 10.1149/2.024211jes · DOI
  41. 10.1149/1.3454721 · DOI
  42. 10.1149/2.061212jes · DOI · Paper page
  43. Iden H. Ohma A. Yamaguchi K. Shinohara K. , in 9th Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Symposium (PEMFC 9) - 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, p. 907, Vienna (2009). · DOI
  44. Kudo K. Suzuki T. Morimoto Y. , in 10th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium, PEFC 10 - 218th ECS Meeting, p. 1495, Las Vegas, NV (2010).
  45. Mashio T. Ohma A. Yamamoto S. Shinohara K. , in 7th Symposium Devoted to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells - 212th ECS Meeting, p. 529, Washington, DC (2007). · DOI
  46. 10.1021/ma100047z · DOI
  47. 10.1021/jp811325v · DOI
  48. 10.1002/app.1993.070500816 · DOI · Paper page
  49. 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00350-5 · DOI
  50. 10.1149/1.1344516 · DOI · Paper page
  51. 10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00256-4 · DOI
  52. 10.1021/jp1112125 · DOI · Paper page
  53. 10.1021/symposium · DOI
  54. 10.1021/mz200015c · DOI
  55. 10.1021/ma301419s · DOI
  56. 10.1149/2.016209jes · DOI
  57. 10.1021/mz300651a · DOI
  58. 10.1063/1.4767118 · DOI
  59. 10.1115/1.4002398 · DOI · Paper page
  60. 10.1021/jp206154y · DOI
  61. Braff W. Mittelsteadt C. , in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 8, PEMFC - 214th ECS Meeting, p. 309, Honolulu, HI (2008). · DOI
  62. 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.071 · DOI · Paper page
  63. 10.1149/1.2737379 · DOI · Paper page
  64. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.12.123 · DOI · Paper page
  65. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.016 · DOI
  66. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.084 · DOI
  67. 10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.041 · DOI
  68. 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.04.001 · DOI
  69. 10.1149/1.2731040 · DOI
  70. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.04.008 · DOI
  71. 10.1149/1.3559491 · DOI
  72. 10.1149/1.2430651 · DOI
  73. Bird R. B. Stewart W. E. Lightfoot E. N. ,Transport Phenomena (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2002).
  74. 10.1149/1.2214625 · DOI
  75. 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2004.08.026 · DOI
  76. Bird R. B. Stewart W. E. Lightfoot E. N. ,Transport Phenomena (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1960).
  77. 10.1016/S0923-0467(96)03134-X · DOI
  78. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.11.023 · DOI
  79. Newman J. Thomas-Alyea K. E. ,Electrochemical Systems, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2004).
  80. 10.1021/i100014a016 · DOI
  81. Fuller T. F. , Solid-polymer-electrolyte Fuel Cells. Ph.D. Dissertation (University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1992). · DOI
  82. 10.1039/c1sm05273j · DOI
  83. 10.1016/j.ssi.2013.04.018 · DOI
  84. 10.1149/2.097112jes · DOI · Paper page
  85. 10.1016/j.ces.2006.01.033 · DOI
  86. 10.1016/S0013-4686(99)00394-1 · DOI
  87. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.071 · DOI
  88. Dullien F. A. L. ,Porous Media: Fluid Transport and Pore Structure, (Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1992). · DOI · Paper page
  89. 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)01057-6 · DOI · Paper page
  90. 10.1149/1.1621412 · DOI · Paper page
  91. 10.1002/aic.690441109 · DOI · Paper page
  92. 10.1149/1.1615608 · DOI · Paper page
  93. 10.1149/1.1615609 · DOI · Paper page
  94. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.077 · DOI
  95. 10.1115/1.4002403 · DOI
  96. 10.1149/1.2221123 · DOI
  97. 10.1016/0022-0728(85)85058-0 · DOI
  98. Vetter K. J. ,Electrochemical Kinetics, (Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1967).
  99. 10.1002/fuce.200800044 · DOI · Paper page
  100. 10.1016/S0022-0728(98)00415-X · DOI
  101. 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00065-0 · DOI
  102. 10.1149/1.2218756 · DOI
  103. 10.1016/0013-4686(75)85048-1 · DOI
  104. 10.1149/1.2266294 · DOI · Paper page
  105. 10.1149/1.2407503 · DOI
  106. Kinoshita K. ,Electrochemical Oxygen Technology (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1992).
  107. 10.1149/1.2069469 · DOI
  108. 10.1016/0022-0728(92)80447-C · DOI
  109. 10.1149/1.2069299 · DOI
  110. 10.1149/1.2733987 · DOI · Paper page
  111. 10.1021/jp076104e · DOI
  112. 10.1149/2.088205jes · DOI
  113. 10.1149/2.123306jes · DOI
  114. 10.1149/2.010408jes · DOI
  115. 10.1149/1.3257595 · DOI
  116. 10.1021/cm9023343 · DOI
  117. 10.1149/1.2943224 · DOI
  118. 10.1039/b802218f · DOI
  119. 10.1021/jp076104e · DOI
  120. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.069 · DOI
  121. 10.1149/1.3597644 · DOI
  122. 10.1149/1.3496614 · DOI
  123. 10.1149/2.088205jes · DOI
  124. 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00020-0 · DOI · Paper page
  125. 10.1021/la803050r · DOI
  126. 10.1149/1.2068992 · DOI
  127. 10.1039/c1cp21349k · DOI
  128. 10.1021/jp710811s · DOI
  129. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.03.011 · DOI
  130. 10.1149/1.1861194 · DOI · Paper page
  131. 10.1016/j.elecom.2008.12.053 · DOI · Paper page
  132. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.01.002 · DOI · Paper page
  133. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.12.059 · DOI
  134. 10.1016/S0017-9310(03)00305-3 · DOI · Paper page
  135. 10.1002/aic.690390304 · DOI · Paper page
  136. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.05.069 · DOI
  137. 10.1149/1.2137652 · DOI
  138. 10.1016/S0065-2717(08)70251-X · DOI
  139. 10.1016/0017-9310(96)00036-1 · DOI · Paper page
  140. 10.1063/1.1745156 · DOI
  141. Leverett, 1941, Capillary Behavior in Porous Solids, Petroleum Division Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, 142, 152
  142. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.04.052 · DOI
  143. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.05.086 · DOI · Paper page
  144. 10.1149/2.052205jes · DOI
  145. 10.1149/1.2929063 · DOI
  146. 10.1149/1.2965512 · DOI
  147. 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.05.018 · DOI
  148. 10.1149/1.3046136 · DOI
  149. 10.1149/1.3592485 · DOI
  150. 10.1149/2.004403jes · DOI
  151. 10.1149/1.2402123 · DOI
  152. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.017 · DOI
  153. 10.1149/2.085202jes · DOI
  154. 10.1149/1.2359699 · DOI
  155. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.068 · DOI · Paper page
  156. 10.1299/jsmeb.47.235 · DOI
  157. 10.1149/1.2981863 · DOI
  158. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.05.028 · DOI
  159. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.07.042 · DOI
  160. 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.072 · DOI · Paper page
  161. 10.1149/1.2430651 · DOI
  162. 10.1039/tf9615701541 · DOI · Paper page
  163. 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.017 · DOI
  164. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.01.031 · DOI
  165. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.08.026 · DOI
  166. 10.1021/la2033737 · DOI
  167. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.12.048 · DOI
  168. 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90273-8 · DOI
  169. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.08.067 · DOI
  170. 10.1002/aic.690370807 · DOI
  171. 10.1002/aic.690370107 · DOI
  172. Gaiselmann G. Totzke C. Manke I. Lehnert W. Schmidt V. ,“3D mictrostructure modeling of compressed fiber-based materials,” Journal of Power Sources, In Press (2014). · DOI
  173. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.077 · DOI
  174. 10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.02.038 · DOI
  175. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.04.144 · DOI
  176. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.12.050 · DOI
  177. 10.1016/j.commatsci.2006.01.018 · DOI
  178. 10.1149/1.2472547 · DOI · Paper page
  179. 10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.047 · DOI
  180. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.146 · DOI
  181. 10.1149/1.3635548 · DOI
  182. 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.071 · DOI
  183. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.09.014 · DOI
  184. 10.1149/1.2776221 · DOI
  185. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.10.044 · DOI
  186. 10.1016/j.camwa.2013.08.006 · DOI
  187. 10.1039/b703485g · DOI · Paper page
  188. 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.03.048 · DOI
  189. 10.1134/S1023193512070026 · DOI
  190. 10.1002/fld.1811 · DOI
  191. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.086 · DOI
  192. 10.1039/b926077c · DOI
  193. 10.1002/fuce.201000074 · DOI
  194. 10.1149/1.3106136 · DOI
  195. 10.1016/j.matcom.2006.05.038 · DOI
  196. 10.2533/000942904777677029 · DOI
  197. 10.2136/vzj2004.0114 · DOI
  198. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.02.003 · DOI
  199. 10.1149/1.3635552 · DOI
  200. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.12.050 · DOI

200 of 501 shown

Cited by

See all 598

Metadata

Authors
Weber, A. Z., Borup, R. L., Darling, R. M., Das, P. K., Dursch, T. J., Gu, W., Harvey, D., Kusoglu, A., Litster, S., Mench, M. M., Mukundan, R., Owejan, J. P., Pharoah, J. G., Secanell, M., & Zenyuk, I. V.
Venue
Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Publisher
The Electrochemical Society
Published
2014
Volume
161
Issue
12
Pages
F1254-F1299
ISSN
  • 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7111
DOI
10.1149/2.0751412jes
OpenAlex
W2150124657
Cited by
598
References
19
FWCI
20.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1149/2.0751412jes
The paper
Weber, A. Z., Borup, R. L., Darling, R. M., Das, P. K., Dursch, T. J., Gu, W., Harvey, D., Kusoglu, A., Litster, S., Mench, M. M., Mukundan, R., Owejan, J. P., Pharoah, J. G., Secanell, M., & Zenyuk, I. V. (2014). A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0751412jes

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.