The absence of vasoconstrictor reflexes in the forehead circulation. Effects of cold
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Variation in the quasi-DC component of PPG is due to many factors: optical properties of the tissue, average blood volume, respiration, vasomotor activity, vasoconstrictor waves, Traube Hering Meyer waves, and thermoregulation.
“The variation in the quasi-DC component is due to many factors: the optical properties of the tissue, average blood volume, respiration, vasomotor activity, vasoconstrictor waves, Traube Hering Meyer waves, and thermoregulation [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14].”
From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement
Allen, J. (2007) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/28/3/r01 · Cited by 3,967 · see citing works
“…vasoconstrictor waves, Traube Hering Mayer (THM) waves and also thermoregulation (Burton 1939, Burton and Taylor 1940, Hertzman and Dillon 1940b, Hertzman and Roth 1942a, 1942b, 1942c, Hertzman and Flath 1963, Hyndman et al 1971, Peñáz 1978, Ahmed et al 1982, Harness and Marjanovic 1989,…”
BackgroundPhotoplethysmogram Analysis and Applications: An Integrative Review
Park, J., Seok, H. S., Kim, S.-S., & Shin, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.808451 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring
Fine, J., Branan, K. L., Rodriguez, A. J., Boonya-ananta, T., Ajmal, Ramella-Roman, J. C., McShane, M. J., & Coté, G. L. (2021) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios11040126 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Changes in cutaneous and body temperature during and after conditioned fear to context in the rat
Vianna, D. M. L., & Carrive, P. (2005) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04073.x · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Skin photoplethysmography — a review
Kamal, A. A. R., Harness, J. B., Irving, G., & Mearns, A. J. (1989) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/0169-2607(89)90159-4 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Alian, A. A., & Shelley, K. H. (2014) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2014.08.006 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Tympanic temperature is a core temperature in humans
Brinnel, H., & Cabanac, M. (1989) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/0306-4565(89)90029-6 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
The Light–Tissue Interaction of Pulse Oximetry
Mannheimer, P. D. (2007) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000269522.84942.54 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Decrease in nasal temperature of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in negative emotional state
Nakayama, K., Goto, S., Kuraoka, K., & Nakamura, K. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.009 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Circulation to Skin and Adipose Tissue
Roddie, I. C. (1983) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp020310 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Effect of wearing an ice cooling jacket on repeat sprint performance in warm/humid conditions
Duffield, R., Dawson, B., Bishop, D. J., Fitzsimons, M., & Lawrence, S. (2003) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.2.164 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Different Responses of Ear and Finger Pulse Oximeter Wave Form to Cold Pressor Test
Awad, A. A., Ghobashy, M. A. M., Ouda, W., Stout, R. G., Silverman, D. G., & Shelley, K. H. (2001) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1097/00000539-200106000-00026 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Water cooled garments: A review
Nunneley, S. A. (1970) · Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres · doi:10.1007/bf00929293 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
The desaturation response time of finger pulse oximeters during mild hypothermia*
MacLeod, D. B., Cortinez, L. I., Keifer, J. C., Cameron, D., Wright, D. R., White, W. D., Moretti, E. W., Radulescu, L. R., & Somma, J. (2005) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.04033.x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The effect of adrenergic blockade on blushing and facial flushing
Drummond, P. D. (1997) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02127.x · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Effective Selective Head Cooling during Posthypoxic Hypothermia in Newborn Piglets
Thoresen, M., Simmonds, M., Šatas, S., Tooley, J., & Silver, I. A. (2001) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-200104000-00024 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Perfusion of the human finger during cold-induced vasodilatation
Bergersen, T. K., Hisdal, J., & Walløe, L. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.3.r731 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Evaluation of a New Pulse Oximeter Sensor
Fernandez, M., Burns, K., Calhoun, B., George, S., Martin, B., & Weaver, C. (2007) · American Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.4037/ajcc2007.16.2.146 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The effects of passive heating and head-cooling on perception of exercise in the heat
Simmons, S. E., Mündel, T., & Jones, D. A. (2008) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0652-z · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“A significant improvement in PTC with head-cooling during passive heating in the present study likely reflects the large subjective importance of the head and may be explained by the fact that the head is ideally suited for the removal of body heat, as compared to other body surfaces because of its large blood supply…”
BackgroundHolm�r, I. (1993) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/bf00381150 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Beards, baldness, and sweat secretion
Cabanac, M., & Brinnel, H. (1988) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00636601 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“In a cold environment, the forehead resists arterial constriction (Hertzman and Roth 1942), and heat loss from the human head can exceed half the total body heat loss (Froese and Burton 1957).”
BackgroundLocal constriction of arteriovenous anastomoses in the cooled finger
Bergersen, T. K., Eriksen, M., & Walløe, L. (1997) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.3.r880 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Extravascular Local Cooling of the Brain in Man
Ommaya, A. K., & Baldwin, M. (1963) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1963.20.1.0008 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
CEPHALIC VASOMOTOR AND HEART RATE MEASURES OE ORIENTING AND DEEENSIVE REELEXES
Raskin, D. C., Kotses, H., & Bever, J. (1969) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1969.tb02894.x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Neuropsychological determinants of exercise tolerance in the heat
Cheung, S. S. (2007) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(06)62004-9 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Galea: A physiological sensing system for behavioral research in Virtual Environments
Bernal, G., Hidalgo, N., Russomanno, C., & Maes, P. (2022) · IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR) · doi:10.1109/vr51125.2022.00024 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Gemne, G. (1982) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.2470 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Berkenbosch, J. W., & Tobias, J. D. (2006) · Respiratory Care · doi:10.4187/respcare.06510726 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Alian, A. A., Galante, N. J., Stachenfeld, N. S., Silverman, D. G., & Shelley, K. H. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-011-9316-y · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“[10] as early as 1942, saw a preservation of forehead photoplethysmogram (PPG) amplitude upon hand immersion, whereas finger PPG amplitude of the contralateral hand declined significantly.”
BackgroundAndreozzi, E., Sabbadini, R., Centracchio, J., Bifulco, P., Irace, A., Breglio, G., & Riccio, M. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22197566 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Normal thermal patterns in cornea and periorbital skin.
Mapstone, R. (1968) · British Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1136/bjo.52.11.818 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Development and implementation of a therapeutic hypothermia protocol
Kupchik, N. (2009) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181aa61c5 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“This alternate monitoring site can serve as a reliable method to monitor oxygen saturation because the forehead lacks sympathetic vasoconstrictive properties (22).”
MethodEffects of Wearing a Helmet on Thermal Balance While Cycling in the Heat
GISOLFI, C. V., Rohlf, D. P., Navarude, S. N., et al. (1988) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.1988.11709412 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Influence of Larger Subcutaneous Blood Vessels on Pulse Oximetry
Mannheimer, P. D., O'Neil, M. P., & Konecny, E. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1023/b:jocm.0000042924.16052.5e · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Blood circulation on the forehead immediately above the eyebrow is fed by arteries that branch from the internal carotid artery and lack the vasoconstrictor response present in more peripheral regions [2].”
BackgroundDistinction between Atropine-Sensitive Control of Microvascular and Cardiac Oscillatory Activity
Silverman, D. G., & Stout, R. G. (2002) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1006/mvre.2001.2385 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Vasomotor response of the human face: laser‐Doppler measurements during mild hypo‐ and hyperthermia
Rasch, W., & Cabanac, M. (1993) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1993.tb09518.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Perfusion Changes at the Forehead Measured by Photoplethysmography during a Head-Down Tilt Protocol
Ysehak Abay, T., Shafqat, K., & Kyriacou, P. A. (2019) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios9020071 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Adrenergic receptors in the forehead microcirculation
Drummond, P. D. (1996) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/bf02291402 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Rienzo, M. D., Avolio, A., Rizzo, G., Zeybek, Z. M. I., & Cucugliato, L. (2021) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2021.3101976 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Landry, C., Hedge, E. T., Hughson, R. L., Peterson, S. D., & Arami, A. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3207947 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“However, the forehead-acquired PPG signals have been reported to be less affected by vasoconstriction than the fingers [40], [41], [43], [44], which might have limited the BP models precision herein”
BackgroundA cool response—The influence of ambient temperature on capillary refill time
John, R. T., Henricson, J., Junker, J. P. E., Jonson, C., Nilsson, G., Wilhelms, D., & Anderson, C. D. (2018) · Journal of Biophotonics · doi:10.1002/jbio.201700371 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Introduction to photoplethysmography
Kyriacou, P. A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823374-0.00001-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Effect of voluntary hypocapnic hyperventilation on cutaneous circulation in resting heated humans
Fujii, N., Honda, Y., Delliaux, S., Tsuji, B., Watanabe, K., Sugihara, A., Kondo, N., & Nishiyasu, T. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00169.2012 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“head skin, but not forearm skin, lacks noradrenergic vasoconstrictor nerve control (24, 25).”
BackgroundTsuzuki, K., Okamoto-Mizuno, K., & Mizuno, K. (2018) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings8060076 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“This finding may be explained by the lack of peripheral vasoconstriction in the forehead [20,21].”
BackgroundPujary, C. J. (2004) · Digital WPI · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hayashi, C., & Tokura, H. (1996) · Applied Human Science Journal of Physiological Anthropology · doi:10.2114/jpa.15.149 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Comparison of Finger and Forehead Oximetry Sensors in Postanesthesia Care Patients
Blaylock, V., Brinkman, M. B., Carver, S., et al. (2008) · Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2008.07.009 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Evaluation of Finger and Forehead Pulse Oximeters during Mild Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Yamaura, K., Irita, K., Kandabashi, T., et al. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-007-9081-0 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The forehead seems to be theoretically better than fingers for PO monitoring site because of a lack of vasoconstriction fibers at the forehead [21, 22].”
BackgroundJung, D., Kim, Y.-B., Lee, J., Muhamed, A. M. C., & Lee, J. (2018) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3988-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Forehead versus forearm skin vascular responses at presyncope in humans
Gagnon, D., Brothers, R. M., Ganio, M. S., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00204.2014 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“as well as nonexistent during cold stress (5, 17).”
BackgroundThron, H. L. (1956) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00362904 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Casati, A., Squicciarini, G., Baciarello, M., et al. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-007-9084-x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Forehead sensors represent an interesting alternative site for estimating peripheral oxygen saturation in a region that should be minimally susceptible to vasoconstriction because directly supplied by a branch of the carotid, the supraorbital artery [6].”
BackgroundStern, R. M. (1974) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00824.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Johnstone, M. (1974) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/46.10.765 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A plastic head cover to reduce surgical heat loss
Biddle, C., & Biddle, W. L. (1985) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0197-4572(85)80106-3 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A PLETHYSMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE HUMAN SKIN UNDER VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
KUMAZAWA, T., Kobayashi, M., & Takagi, K. (1964) · The Japanese Journal of Physiology · doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.14.354 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cutaneous vasomotor components of the orienting reflex
Royer, F. L. (1965) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(65)90002-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Eid, A.-M., Elgamal, M. H., Fiol, A. G., Shelley, K. H., Wu, H., & Alian, A. A. (2023) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/1361-6579/acd165 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Comparing the effect of arginine vasopressin on ear and finger photoplethysmography
Jablonka, D. H., Alian, A. A., Stout, R. G., et al. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2007.09.008 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“phenylephrine) cause disproportionate vasoconstriction of an adrenergically rich region such as the finger, as opposed to the ear or forehead [4-6].”
BackgroundCold protecting emollients and frostbite
Lehmuskallio, E. (2001) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Hille, H., & Lau, B. (1960) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00362385 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pressure and Thermal Pain Thresholds in the Forequarter:
Wright, A., Robins, L., & McGuire, B. (1995) · Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain · doi:10.1300/j094v03n01_09 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
RELATION BETWEEN AUTONOMIC NERVE SYMPTOMS AND FINGER VASOMOTOR REFLEX IN EPIPHARYNGITIS
HARADA, S. (1967) · Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho · doi:10.3950/jibiinkoka.70.841 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Photoplethysmogram analysis and applications: An Integrative Review (Preprint)
Shin, H., Park, J., Seok, H. S., & Kim, S. (2020) · JMIR Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.2196/25567 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Bebout, D. E. (2017) · Journal of Lung Pulmonary & Respiratory Research · doi:10.15406/jlprr.2017.04.00137 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Testing and Evaluation of Three Liquid Cooling Garments for Use During Spaceflight
Warpeha, J. M., Koscheyev, V. S., Leon, G. R., et al. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000402295.34193.1b · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ioachimescu, O. C. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac057 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Relief for Muscle Crampness and Detector for EMG and PPG
Ajay, R., Rajan, A., Jophy, J., & Varghese, C. (2018) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Finger temperature feedback procedures: Sympathetic inhibition training or placebo effect?
Schneider, J. A. (1976) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/h0088327 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
CLINICAL FEATURES AND VASCULAR CHANGES OF MIGRAINE AND CLUSTER HEADACHE 1
Lance, J. W. (1972) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb93038.x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
(2000) · Time to knit · doi:10.1016/s1155-1925(96)16654-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chiang, A. A.-P., Lee‐Iannotti, J. K., Torstrick, B., Berry, R. B., & Collop, N. A. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1007/s44470-026-00088-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“First observed in the 1940 s, PWA attenuation during SDB frequently demonstrates temporal association with other hallmarks of respiratory events, including oxygen desaturation, accelerated heart rate, and arousal responses [129–134].”
Rehman, T., Gupta, G., Patra, S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neonatology · doi:10.1177/09732179241277432 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
To See or Not to See : A Study on Capillary Refill
John, R. T. (2020) · Linköping University medical dissertations · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-164907 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dellen, T. R. V. (1943) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1943.00210100091007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
CLINICAL STUDIES ON MUCOSAL CIRCULATION IN THE NASAL INFERIOR TURBINATE
Yamakawa, K. (1967) · Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho · doi:10.3950/jibiinkoka.70.753 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Golenhofen, K. (1971) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65203-5_8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Problem of Vasomotor Denervation
Hertzman, A. B., Randall, W. C., Cox, J. W., et al. (2008) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470715185.ch14
Self-citationGirculation model for monitoring arterial systolic blood pressure
Warner, G., & Sankar, T. S. (1977) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02442950
Respiration in Clinical Psychophysiology
Fried, R. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9703-9_10
Kosaka, M., Yoshida, A., & Ohe, K. (2016) · Journal of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.3918/jsicm.23.625
The effect of unilateral temporal artery feedback on reported headpain in migraine sufferers
Allen, R. (1977) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-17786
COLD PROTECTING EMOLLIENTS AND FROSTBITE
Eero, & Lehmuskallio (2001)
Circulation to Skin and Adipose Tissue
Roddie, I. C. (1983) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.1983.tb00990.x
- Authors
- Hertzman, A. B., & Roth, L. W.
- Affiliations
- Saint Louis University (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1942-06-01
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 692-697
- ISSN
- 0002-9513 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2512115554
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- cold exposure, skin blood flow, vasoconstriction, thermoregulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
