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Cited by 95Muscle metabolism and nutritionCardiovascular and exercise physiologyExercise and Physiological Responses

Gender differences in leucine, but not lysine, kinetics

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Lamont, Linda S., McCullough, Arthur J., Kalhan, Satish C.·2001·Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.357
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Abstract

There is a controversy in the literature as to the effects of gender on leucine kinetics. Two research groups found that men oxidize more leucine during exercise, whereas another group showed no gender effects. The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of gender on leucine and, for comparison purposes, lysine kinetics. Our subjects ( n = 14) were seven matched pairs of men and women selected for their exercise habits and age. After 1 wk of a standardized diet, they exercised at 50% of maximal O 2 uptake for 1 h. There was an effect of exercise in both genders: an increased leucine oxidation and an attenuation in nonoxidative leucine disposal compared with rest ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, our study confirms that there are gender differences in leucine, but not lysine, kinetics. Men had a higher rate of leucine oxidation and a lower rate of nonoxidative leucine disposal during exercise ( P < 0.05). For women, a larger proportion of their exercise energy needs came from fat; for men, a greater fraction came from carbohydrate ( P < 0.05). We conclude that female exercisers rely to a greater extent on fat as an energy source, thereby using less carbohydrate, amino acid, and protein as a fuel source.

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Crossref · 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.357

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  • Women use less carbohydrate and protein substrates to sustain moderate exercise.

    “Such evidence indicates that not only women oxidize significantly more lipids than men (Horton et al. 1998; McKenzie et al. 2000; Lamont et al. 2001a; Henderson et al. 2007; Tarnopolsky et al. 2007; Cheneviere et al. 2011; Dasilva et al. 2011; Isacco et al. 2012; Isacco et al. 2020), but they also use less carbohydrate and protein substrates to sustain moderate exercise (McKenzie et al. 2000; Tarn”

    From Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2022) · cites this paper as Lamont et al. 2001a

  • Women oxidize significantly more lipids than men during aerobic exercise.

    “Such evidence indicates that not only women oxidize significantly more lipids than men (Horton et al. 1998; McKenzie et al. 2000; Lamont et al. 2001a; Henderson et al. 2007; Tarnopolsky et al. 2007; Cheneviere et al. 2011; Dasilva et al. 2011; Isacco et al. 2012; Isacco et al. 2020), but they also use less carbohydrate and protein substrates to sustain moderate exercise (McKenzie et al. 2000; Tarn”

    From Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2022) · cites this paper as Lamont et al. 2001a

  • Several investigations in sedentary and recreationally active individuals confirmed greater reliance on lipids in women during aerobic exercise.

    “Several investigations, conducted both in sedentary and recreationally active individuals, confirmed greater reliance on lipids in women, during aerobic exercise.”

    From Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2022) · cites this paper as Lamont et al. 2001a

  • Some authors reported significantly larger utilization of protein sources in men than women.

    “Some authors reported significantly larger utilization of protein sources in men than women (Phillips et al. 1993; Lamont et al. 2001a), while others failed to detect any sex-based differences (Horton et al. 1998).”

    From Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2022) · cites this paper as Lamont et al. 2001a

  • Previous findings from small-sized studies reporting lower oxidation of leucine and greater non-oxidative leucine disposal in women during endurance exercise could not be confirmed.

    “Therefore, previous findings from small-sized studies reporting lower oxidation of leucine (Phillips et al. 1993; McKenzie et al. 2000; Lamont et al. 2001a) and greater non-oxidative leucine disposal in women during endurance exercise (Lamont et al. 2001a) could not be confirmed.”

    From Analysis of sex-based differences in energy substrate utilization during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2022) · cites this paper as Lamont et al. 2001a

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Authors
Lamont, L. S., McCullough, A. J., & Kalhan, S. C.
Affiliations
  • University of Rhode Island (US)
  • MetroHealth (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
2001-07-01
Volume
91
Issue
1
Pages
357-362
ISSN
  • 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
  • 8750-7587
  • 1522-1601
DOI
10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.357
OpenAlex
W2178596559
Cited by
95
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR 00080)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD11089)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
leucine kinetics, gender differences, physical activity, leucine oxidation, substrate oxidation, fat oxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, energy substrate utilization, women
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood, Calorimetry, Indirect, Energy Metabolism, Fats, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Kinetics, Leucine, Lysine, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Sex Characteristics, Urine, Exercise, Carbohydrate Metabolism

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