Normal physical activity obliterates the deleterious effects of a high-caloric intake
Abstract
A high-caloric intake combined with a sedentary lifestyle is an important player in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study was undertaken to examine if the level of physical activity has impact on the metabolic effects of a high-caloric (+2,000 kcal/day) intake. Therefore, healthy individuals on a high-caloric intake were randomized to either 10,000 or 1,500 steps/day for 14 days. Step number, total energy expenditure, dietary records, neuropsychological tests, maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max), whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) with stable isotopes were performed before and after the intervention. Both study groups gained the same amount of body weight. However, the inactive group accumulated significantly more visceral fat compared with the active group. Following the 2-wk period, the inactive group also experienced a poorer glycemic control, increased endogenous glucose production, decreased hepatic insulin extraction, increased baseline plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL, and a decreased cognitive function with regard to capacity of attention. In conclusion, we find evidence to support that habitual physical activity may prevent pathophysiological symptoms associated with diet-induced obesity.
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An association has been established between physical inactivity and visceral fat in both rodents and humans.
“In fact, an association has been established between physical inactivity and visceral fat in both rodents (217) and humans (133, 218-220).”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [218]
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- Authors
- Krogh-Madsen, R., Pedersen, M., Solomon, T. P. J., Knudsen, S. H., Hansen, L. S., Karstoft, K., Lehrskov-Schmidt, L., Pedersen, K. K., Thomsen, C., Holst, J. J., & Pedersen, B. K.
- Affiliations
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism at Department of Infectious Diseases and Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2014-02-01
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 231-239
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W1972491686
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- physical activity, hypercaloric diet, sedentary lifestyle, type 2 diabetes prevention, diet-induced obesity, visceral fat, glycemic control, hepatic insulin extraction, endogenous glucose production, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, cognitive function, attention, energy expenditure, step count
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Energy Intake, Exercise Test, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Risk Reduction Behavior, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Lipid Metabolism, Young Adult, Sedentary Behavior
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