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Cited by 662Motor Control and AdaptationTactile and Sensory InteractionsMuscle activation and electromyography studies

Control of limb dynamics in normal subjects and patients without proprioception

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Sainburg, R. L., Ghilardi, M. F., Poizner, H., Ghez, C.·1995·Journal of Neurophysiology
DOI 10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.820PMC PMC11102602
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Abstract

1. We recently showed that patients lacking proprioceptive input from their limbs have particular difficulty performing multijoint movements. In a pantomimed slicing gesture requiring sharp reversals in hand path direction, patients showed large hand path distortions at movement reversals because of failure to coordinate the timing of the separate reversals at the shoulder and elbow joints. We hypothesized that these reversal errors resulted from uncompensated effects of inertial interactions produced by changes in shoulder joint acceleration that were transferred to the elbow. We now test this hypothesis and examine the role of proprioceptive input by comparing the motor performance of five normal subjects with that of two patients with large-fiber sensory neuropathy. 2. Subjects were to trace each of six template lines presented randomly on a computer screen by straight overlapping out-and-back movements of the hand on a digitizing tablet. The lines originated from a common starting position but were in different directions and had different lengths. Directions and lengths were adjusted so that tracing movements would all require the same elbow excursion, whereas shoulder excursion would vary. The effects of varying interaction torques on elbow kinematics were then studied. The subject's dominant arm was supported in the horizontal plane by a low-inertia brace equipped with ball bearing joints and potentiometers under the elbow and shoulder. Hand position was monitored by a magnetic pen attached to the brace 1 cm above a digitizing tablet and could be displayed as a screen cursor. Vision of the subject's arm was blocked and the screen cursor was blanked at movement onset to prevent visual feedback during movement. Elbow joint torques were calculated from joint angle recordings and compared with electromyographic recordings of elbow joint musculature. 3. In control subjects, outward and inward paths were straight and overlapped the template lines regardless of their direction. As prescribed by the task, elbow kinematics remained the same across movement directions, whereas interaction torques varied substantially. The timing of the onsets of biceps activity and the offsets of triceps activity during elbow flexion varied systematically with direction-dependent changes in interaction torques. Controls exploited or dampened these interaction torques as needed to meet the kinematic demands of the task. 4. In contrast, the patients made characteristic errors at movement reversals that increased systematically across movement directions. These reversal errors resulted from improper timing of elbow and shoulder joint reversals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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  • Sensory feedback in EMG-based prostheses other than visual feedback is often absent or non-specific, making natural everyday tasks difficult.

    “Furthermore, sensory feedback in any form other than visual feedback is often absent or still non-specific, making it difficult to naturally perform everyday tasks (Sainburg et al., 1995; Johansson and Flanagan, 2009).”

    From Update on Peripheral Nerve Electrodes for Closed-Loop Neuroprosthetics (2018) · cites this paper as Sainburg et al., 1995

  • Without sense of proprioception, it is difficult to plan a dynamic limb movement.

    “Without having the sense of proprioception, it is difficult to plan a dynamic limb movement (Sainburg et al., 1995)”

    From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Sainburg et al., 1995

  • Restoring proprioception is an important goal as a lack of this sensory modality results in diminished movement accuracy, especially for complex multi-joint movements.

    “Restoring proprioception is an important goal as a lack of this sensory modality results in diminished movement accuracy (Gordon et al., 1995), especially for complex multi-joint movements (Sainburg et al., 1995;1993), which are typical in dayto-day use of the hand.”

    From Biomimetic approaches to bionic touch through a peripheral nerve interface (2015) · cites this paper as Sainburg et al., 1995

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Authors
Sainburg, R. L., Ghilardi, M. F., Poizner, H., & Ghez, C.
Affiliations
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York,New York, USA.
ORCID
Sainburg, R. L.
Venue
Journal of Neurophysiology
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
1995-02-01
Volume
73
Issue
2
Pages
820-835
ISSN
  • 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1598
DOI
10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.820
PMC
PMC11102602
OpenAlex
W1797344779
Cited by
662
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 29
FWCI
4.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01ns028665-07, 5r01ns022715-14)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 22715, NS28665)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD039311)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Keywords
proprioception, limb dynamics, elbow kinematics, inertial coupling
MeSH terms
Adult, Afferent Pathways, Denervation, Elbow Joint, Electromyography, Extremities, Female, Humans, Joints, Male, Middle Aged, Movement, Muscles, Nervous System Diseases, Proprioception, Reference Values

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