Cited by 2,542Cancer Genomics and DiagnosticsCancer Cells and MetastasisMicrofluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies

Tumor cells circulate in the peripheral blood of all major carcinomas but not in healthy subjects or patients with nonmalignant diseases

Allard, W. Jeffrey, Matera, Jeri, Miller, M. Craig, Repollet, Madeline, Connelly, Mark C., Rao, Chandra, Tibbe, Arjan G. J., Uhr, Jonathan W. +1 more·2004·Clinical Cancer Research

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy, precision, and linearity of the CellSearch system and evaluate the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) per 7.5 mL of blood in healthy subjects, patients with nonmalignant diseases, and patients with a variety of metastatic carcinomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The CellSearch system was used to enumerate CTCs in 7.5 mL of blood. Blood samples spiked with cells from tumor cell lines were used to establish analytical accuracy, reproducibility, and linearity. Prevalence of CTCs was determined in blood from 199 patients with nonmalignant diseases, 964 patients with metastatic carcinomas, and 145 healthy donors. RESULTS: Enumeration of spiked tumor cells was linear over the range of 5 to 1,142 cells, with an average recovery of >/=85% at each spike level. Only 1 of the 344 (0.3%) healthy and nonmalignant disease subjects had >/=2 CTCs per 7.5 mL of blood. In 2,183 blood samples from 964 metastatic carcinoma patients, CTCs ranged from 0 to 23,618 CTCs per 7.5 mL (mean, 60 +/- 693 CTCs per 7.5 mL), and 36% (781 of 2,183) of the specimens had >/=2 CTCs. Detection of >/=2 CTCs occurred at the following rates: 57% (107 of 188) of prostate cancers, 37% (489 of 1,316) of breast cancers, 37% (20 of 53) of ovarian cancers, 30% (99 of 333) of colorectal cancers, 20% (34 of 168) of lung cancers, and 26% (32 of 125) of other cancers. CONCLUSIONS: The CellSearch system can be standardized across multiple laboratories and may be used to determine the clinical utility of CTCs. CTCs are extremely rare in healthy subjects and patients with nonmalignant diseases but present in various metastatic carcinomas with a wide range of frequencies.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-0378

Cites

31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Allard, W. J., Matera, J., Miller, M. C., Repollet, M., Connelly, M. C., Rao, C., Tibbe, A. G. J., Uhr, J. W., & Terstappen, L. W. M. M.
Affiliations
  • 1Immunicon Corporation, Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania; and
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
Venue
Clinical Cancer Research
Published
2004-10-15
Volume
10
Issue
20
Pages
6897-6904
ISSN
  • 1078-0432 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-3265
OpenAlex
W2116483002
Cited by
2,542
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 66 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 135 · 2022: 117 · 2021: 158 · 2020: 169 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 171 · 2017: 193 · 2016: 197 · 2015: 165 · 2014: 177 · 2013: 161 · 2012: 132
FWCI
7.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
Keywords
circulating tumor cells, CellSearch, metastatic carcinoma, prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, liquid biopsy
MeSH terms
Adult, Automation, Biological Assay, Carcinoma, Cytological Techniques, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplastic Cells, Circulating, Neoplasm Metastasis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Case-Control Studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review