Safety considerations of DNA in food

Jonas, D.A.; Elmadfa, I.; Engel, K.-H.; Heller, K.J.; Kozianowski, G.; König, A.; Müller, D.; Narbonne, J.F.; Wackernagel, W.; Kleiner, J.

doi:10.1159/000046734

Cited by 187Genetically Modified Organisms ResearchAgricultural safety and regulationsCarcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment

Safety considerations of DNA in food

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Jonas, D.A., Elmadfa, I., Engel, K.-H., Heller, K.J., Kozianowski, G., König, A., Müller, D., Narbonne, J.F. +2 more·2001·Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism

DOI 10.1159/000046734

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Abstract

Recombinant DNA techniques are capable of introducing genetic changes into food organisms that are more predictable than those introduced through conventional breeding techniques. This review discusses whether the consumption of DNA in approved novel foods and novel food ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be regarded as being as safe as the consumption of DNA in existing foods. It concludes that DNA from GMOs is equivalent to DNA from existing food organisms that has always been consumed with human diets. Any risks associated with the consumption of DNA will remain, irrespective of its origin, because the body handles all DNA in the same way. The breakdown of DNA during food processing and passage through the gastrointestinal tract reduces the likelihood that intact genes capable of encoding foreign proteins will be transferred to gut microflora. The review does not specifically address food safety issues arising from the consumption of viable genetically modified microorganisms but it shows that the likelihood of transfer and functional integration of DNA from ingested food by gut microflora and/or human cells is minimal. Information reviewed does not indicate any safety concerns associated with the ingestion of DNA per se from GMOs resulting from the use of currently available recombinant DNA techniques in the food chain.

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The DNA from GE crops is chemically equivalent to DNA from other sources and both are thoroughly broken down in the gastrointestinal tract during digestion.
“The DNA from GE crops is chemically equivalent to DNA from other sources and both are thoroughly broken down in the gastrointestinal tract during digestion (Beever and Kemp, 2000; Jonas et al., 2001; CAST, 2006).”
From Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1 (2014) · cites this paper as Jonas et al., 2001

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Scientific Opinion on an application (EFSA‐GMO‐NL‐2005‐24) for the placing on the market of the herbicide tolerant genetically modified soybean 40‐3‐2 for cultivation under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Monsanto
(GMO), E. P. O. G. M. O. (2012) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2753 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Authors: Jonas, D. A., Elmadfa, I., Engel, K.-H., Heller, K. J., Kozianowski, G., König, A., Müller, D., Narbonne, J. F., Wackernagel, W., & Kleiner, J.
Affiliations: University of Vienna (AT)
Technical University of Munich (DE)
Südzucker (Germany) (DE)
Harvard University (US)
Procter & Gamble (Germany) (DE)
Université Bordeaux-I (FR)
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (DE)
ORCID: Jonas, D.A.
Elmadfa, I.
Engel, K.-H.
Heller, K.J.
König, A.
Venue: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Published: 2001
Volume: 45
Issue: 6
Pages: 235-254
ISSN: 0250-6807 (ISSN-L)
1421-9697
DOI: 10.1159/000046734
OpenAlex: W2142655284
Cited by: 187
References: 91
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 11.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
orbilu.uni.lu
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses (vor)
www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses (tdm)
Locations: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Digital Access to Libraries (submittedVersion)
Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural safety and regulations
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Keywords: genetically modified organisms, novel foods, food safety, recombinant DNA, gut microbiota, DNA transfer, food processing, gastrointestinal tract
MeSH terms: Consumer Product Safety, Digestion, DNA, Food Microbiology, Food Technology, Genetic Engineering, Humans, Structure-Activity Relationship, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Food, Genetically Modified

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