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Cited by 30Regulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors

Endocrine and Metabolic Actions of Ghrelin

Gasco, Valentina, Beccuti, Guglielmo, Marotta, Filippa, Benso, Andrea, Granata, Riccarda, Broglio, Fabio, Ghigo, Ezio·2010·Endocrine Development
DOI 10.1159/000262531
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Abstract

The acylated form of ghrelin (GRLN) has been discovered as the natural ligand of the GH secretagogue (GHS) receptor-1a (GHS-R1a). This peptide, whose acylation is performed by a specific octanoyl-transferase, is predominantly produced by the stomach, although expressed by many other endocrine and nonendocrine, peripheral and central tissues. Also GHS-R1a shows wide distribution, being distributed in several central and peripheral tissues. GRLN displays strong GH-releasing activity but its action is not specific for GH exhibiting other neuroendocrine activities such as stimulation of PRL and ACTH and inhibition of LH. GRLN is now mostly recognized as a potent orexigenic factor stimulating food intake and modulating energy expenditure. At the peripheral level, GRLN modulates gastrointestinal motility and secretion and also exerts cardiovascular actions. Mostly, at the peripheral level, GRLN exerts probably its major physiological action regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. In fact, GRLN in its acylated form has a diabetogenic action while in its non-acylated form it has a favorable influence on glucose, lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well as the inhibition of lipolysis. GRLN receptors have been well demonstrated either in the endocrine pancreas or the adipose tissue; at these levels there are receptors that bind GRLN independently of its acylation (therefore a non-GHS-R1a, still undefined receptor). In all, the products of the GRLN gene, i.e. acylated and nonacylated GRLN, as well as obestatin, play a major role in regulating peripheral metabolism and it is not by chance that their secretion is mostly under metabolic regulation.

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  • Ghrelin stimulates hunger and food intake, reduces energy expenditure, and promotes fat retention.

    “In contrast to leptin, ghrelin stimulates hunger and food intake, reduces EE, and promotes the retention of fat [56, 58, 92, 191].”

    From Sleep and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as [56]

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Authors
Gasco, V., Beccuti, G., Marotta, F., Benso, A., Granata, R., Broglio, F., & Ghigo, E.
Affiliations
University of Turin (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Endocrine Development
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2009-11-24
Volume
17
Pages
86-95
ISSN
  • 1421-7082 (ISSN-L)
  • 1662-2979
DOI
10.1159/000262531
OpenAlex
W1598957564
Cited by
30
References
60
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
FWCI
4.46
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Endocrine development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Keywords
ghrelin, GHS-R1a, acylation, growth hormone secretion, prolactin, ACTH, LH inhibition, appetite, energy expenditure, gastrointestinal motility, cardiovascular effects, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, lipolysis, obestatin, adipose tissue, pancreas
MeSH terms
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Appetite, Endocrine Glands, Energy Metabolism, Glucose, Gonadotropins, Humans, Insulin, Metabolism, Prolactin, Human Growth Hormone, Ghrelin

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