Apolipoprotein E ε4 Prevalence in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Varies across Global Populations: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: The Ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, attributable risk due to APOE4 varies by region and by race/ethnicity. Methods: A literature review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of APOE4 by geographic area among AD patients. Results: Although estimates varied significantly by study design and case definition, AD patients recruited in Asian and southern European/Mediterranean communities seemed to have significantly lower E4 carrier status estimates (37 and 43%) than those recruited in North America (58%) or northern Europe (64%; all: p < 0.05). Conclusions: APOE4 genotype frequency varies among AD patients in regional patterns similar to that of the general population. Study level differences may also contribute to the heterogeneity of published estimates of APOE4 in AD cases.
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Some essential features are discrepant in different populations, for example, the frequency of APOE ε4 carriers and lifestyle.
“However, it is known that some essential features are discrepant in different populations, for example, the frequency of APOE ε4 carriers, lifestyle, etc39,45.”
From Integrated algorithm combining plasma biomarkers and cognitive assessments accurately predicts brain β-amyloid pathology (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
The APOE4 allele is present in 40-50% of the Alzheimer's disease population.
“The APOE4 allele is present in 40 – 50% of the AD population8, therefore elucidating the molecular and cellular pathways underlying APOE4-associated pathogenesis could reveal therapeutic opportunities for a large portion of the AD population.”
From APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [8]
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APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes
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- Authors
- Crean, S., Ward, A., Mercaldi, C. J., Collins, J. M., Cook, M. N., Baker, N. L., & Arrighi, H. M.
- Affiliations
- Pfizer (United States) (US)
- Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2010-12-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 20-30
- ISSN
- 1420-8008 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9824
- OpenAlex
- W2137482821
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- APOE ε4, Alzheimer's disease, regional variation, racial and ethnic differences, genotype frequency, attributable risk, case definition, study heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, Alzheimer Disease, Autopsy, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Environment, Gene Frequency, Geography, Heterozygote, Humans, Regression Analysis, Tissue Banks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Apolipoprotein E4
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