Cited by 185Regulation of Appetite and ObesityBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesRenin-Angiotensin System Studies

Obesity-Induced Hypertension: New Concepts From the Emerging Biology of Obesity

Mark, Allyn L., Correia, Marcelo, Morgan, Donald A., Shaffer, Richard A., Haynes, William G.·1999·Hypertension

Abstract

Abstract —Obesity is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. In the past 5 years there have been dramatic advances into the genetic and neurobiological mechanisms of obesity with the discovery of leptin and novel neuropeptide pathways regulating appetite and metabolism. In this brief review, we argue that these mounting advances into the neurobiology of obesity have and will continue to provide new insights into the regulation of arterial pressure in obesity. We focus our comments on the sympathetic, vascular, and renal mechanisms of leptin and melanocortin receptor agonists and on the regulation of arterial pressure in rodent models of genetic obesity. We suggest 3 concepts. First, the effect of obesity on blood pressure may depend critically on the genetic-neurobiological mechanisms underlying the obesity. Second, obesity is not consistently associated with increased blood pressure, at least in rodent models. Third, the blood pressure response to obesity may be critically influenced by modifying alleles in the genetic background.

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Crossref · 10.1161/01.hyp.33.1.537

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  • The effect of obesity on blood pressure may depend critically on the genetic-neurobiologic mechanisms underlying the obesity.

    “First, the effect of obesity on blood pressure may depend critically on the genetic-neurobiologic mechanisms underlying the obesity.”
  • Obesity is not consistently associated with increased blood pressure.

    “Second, obesity is not consistently associated with increased blood pressure.”
  • The genetic neurobiologic basis of obesity can critically influence the sympathetic and blood pressure response to obesity, and hypothalamic melanocortin-4 receptors contribute to regulation of sympathetic activity and blood pressure in obese humans.

    “These data support the concept, discussed above, that the genetic neurobiologic basis of obesity can critically influence the sympathetic and blood pressure response to obesity78, and demonstrate that hypothalamic melanocortin-4 receptors contribute to regulation of sympathetic activity and blood pressure in obese humans.”

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Jackson EK, Li P. Human leptin may function as a diuretic/natriuretic hormone. Hypertension. 1996;28:517. Abstract.
  2. Reams G, Villarreal D, Taraben A, Freeman RH, Knoblich P. Renal effects of leptin in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. FASEB J. 1997;11:A258. Abstract.
  3. Lembo G, Vecchione C, Fratta L, Marino G, Santic DD, Trimarco B. Leptin induces nitric-oxide mediated vasorelaxation in aortic-rings of WKY rats. Hypertension. 1998;32:599. Abstract.
  4. DiBona GF. Sympathetic nervous influences on the kidney: role of hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 1989;2:119S-124S.
  5. Ogawa Y, Masuzaki H, Aizawa M, Yura S, Satoh N, Iwai H, Hosoda K, Nakao K. Blood pressure elevation in transgenic mice over-expressing leptin, the obese gene product. J Hypertens. 1998;16:S7. Abstract.
  6. Koletsky RJ, Ernsberger P. Phenotypic characterization of a genetically obese and hypertensive rat. Rat Genome. 1996;2:10 -22.
  7. Mountjoy KG, Mortrud MT, Low MJ, Simerlay RB, Cone RD. Local- ization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control segments of the brain. Mol Endocrinol. 1994;8: 1298 -1308.
  8. Haynes WG, Morgan DA, Djalali A, Mark AL. Activation of melanocortin-4 receptors enhances thermogenic sympathetic nerve activity to brown adipose tissue. Hypertension. 1998;32:620. Abstract.

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Authors
Mark, A. L., Correia, M., Morgan, D. A., Shaffer, R. A., & Haynes, W. G.
Affiliations
University of Iowa (US)
Venue
Hypertension
Published
1999-01
Volume
33
Issue
1
Pages
537-541
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
OpenAlex
W2081593602
Cited by
185
References
33
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5p50hl044546-05, 5r29hl043514-05)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-43514, HL-55006, HL-44546, P50HL055006)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
Keywords
obesity, leptin, melanocortin receptor agonist, sympathetic nervous system, renal mechanisms, vascular mechanisms, blood pressure regulation, genetic obesity model, appetite regulation, genetic background, rodent models
MeSH terms
Animals, Appetite, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Hypertension, Neuropeptides, Obesity, Proteins, Receptors, Cell Surface, Risk Factors, Receptors, Corticotropin, Leptin, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4, Receptors, Leptin

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