Endothelial Protective Monocyte Patrolling in Large Arteries Intensified by Western Diet and Atherosclerosis
Open accessAbstract
Rationale: Nonclassical mouse monocyte (CX3CR1 high , Ly-6C low ) patrolling along the vessels of the microcirculation is critical for endothelial homeostasis and inflammation. Because of technical challenges, it is currently not established how patrolling occurs in large arteries. Objective: This study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular, migratory, and functional phenotypes of patrolling monocytes in the high shear and pulsatile environment of large arteries in healthy, hyperlipidemic, and atherosclerotic conditions. Methods and Results: Applying a new method for stable, long-term 2-photon intravital microscopy of unrestrained large arteries in live CX3CR1-GFP (green fluorescent protein) mice, we show that nonclassical monocytes patrol inside healthy carotid arteries at a velocity of 36 μm/min, 3× faster than in microvessels. The tracks are less straight but lead preferentially downstream. The number of patrolling monocytes is increased 9-fold by feeding wild-type mice a Western diet or by applying topical TLR7/8 (Toll-like receptor) agonists. A similar increase is seen in CX3CR1 +/GFP /apoE −/− mice on chow diet, with a further 2- to 3-fold increase on Western diet (22-fold over healthy). In plaque conditions, monocytes are readily captured onto the endothelium from free flow. Stable patrolling is unaffected in CX3CR1-deficient mice and involves the contribution of LFA-1 (lymphocyte-associated antigen 1) and α 4 integrins. The endothelial damage in atherosclerotic carotid arteries was assessed by electron microscopy and correlates with the number of intraluminal patrollers. Abolishing patrolling monocytes in Nr4a1 −/− apoE −/− mice leads to pronounced endothelial apoptosis. Conclusions: Arterial patrolling is a prominent new feature of nonclassical monocytes with unique molecular and kinetic properties. It is highly upregulated in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in a CX3CR1-independent fashion and plays a potential role in endothelial protection.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Nonclassical monocytes also patrol large-artery endothelium, and this patrolling is strongly increased in hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis, improving endothelial protection in the inflamed, high-shear, pulsatile environment of developing lesions.
“However, a 2017 study in mice revealed that these nonclassical monocytes also patrol the endothelium of large arteries, and this type of arterial patrolling is highly upregulated in hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis, thereby allowing improved protection of the arterial endothelium in the inflamed, high-shear stress and pulsatile environment of a developing atherosclerotic lesion146.”
From Inflammation and its resolution in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities (2019) · cites this paper as [146]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Mizgerd, J. P., Kubo, H., Kutkoski, G. J., Bhagwan, S. D., Scharffetter-Kochanek, K., Beaudet, A. L., & Doerschuk, C. M. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.186.8.1357 · Cited by 7,332 · see citing works
Getting to the site of inflammation: the leukocyte adhesion cascade updated
Ley, K., Laudanna, C., Cybulsky, M. I., & Nourshargh, S. (2007) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2156 · Cited by 4,354 · see citing works
Self-citationEndothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis
Gimbrone, M. A., & García‐Cardeña, G. (2016) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.115.306301 · Cited by 3,554 · see citing works
Fate Mapping Reveals Origins and Dynamics of Monocytes and Tissue Macrophages under Homeostasis
Yona, S., Kim, K.-W., Wolf, Y., Mildner, A., Varol, D., Breker, M., Strauss-Ayali, D., Viukov, S., Guilliams, M., Misharin, A., et al. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.12.001 · Cited by 3,245 · see citing works
Development of Monocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cells
Geissmann, F., Manz, M. G., Jung, S., Sieweke, M. H., Merad, M., & Ley, K. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1178331 · Cited by 3,049 · see citing works
Self-citationJung, S., Aliberti, J., Graemmel, P., Sunshine, M. J., Kreutzberg, G. W., Sher, A., & Littman, D. R. (2000) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.20.11.4106-4114.2000 · Cited by 2,632 · see citing works
Plump, A. S., Smith, J. D., Hayek, T., Aalto-Setälä, K., Walsh, A., Verstuyft, J. G., Rubin, E. M., & Breslow, J. L. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90362-g · Cited by 2,263 · see citing works
Monitoring of Blood Vessels and Tissues by a Population of Monocytes with Patrolling Behavior
Auffray, C., Fogg, D., Garfa, M., Elain, G., Join-Lambert, O., Kayal, S., Sarnacki, S., Cumano, A., Lauvau, G., & Geissmann, F. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1142883 · Cited by 1,973 · see citing works
Tacke, F., Alvarez, D., Kaplan, T. J., Jakubzick, C., Spanbroek, R., Llodra, J., Garin, A., Liu, J., Mack, M., van Rooijen, N., et al. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci28549 · Cited by 1,323 · see citing works
Świrski, F. K., Libby, P., Aikawa, E. R., Alcaide, P., Luscinskas, F. W., Weissleder, R., & Pittet, M. J. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29950 · Cited by 1,258 · see citing works
Human CD14dim Monocytes Patrol and Sense Nucleic Acids and Viruses via TLR7 and TLR8 Receptors
Cros, J. F., Cagnard, N., Woollard, K. J., Patey, N., Zhang, S., Sénéchal, B., Puel, A., Biswas, S. K., Moshous, D., Pïcard, C., et al. (2010) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.012 · Cited by 1,251 · see citing works
Hemodynamic shear stress and the endothelium in cardiovascular pathophysiology
Davies, P. F. (2008) · Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1397 · Cited by 1,216 · see citing works
Local proliferation dominates lesional macrophage accumulation in atherosclerosis
Robbins, C. S., Hilgendorf, I., Weber, G. F., Theurl, I., Iwamoto, Y., Figueiredo, J.-L., Gorbatov, R., Sukhova, G. K., Gerhardt, L. M. S., Smyth, D., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3258 · Cited by 1,041 · see citing works
Minimally modified low density lipoprotein stimulates monocyte endothelial interactions.
Berliner, J. A., Territo, M., Sevanian, A., Ramin, S., Kim, J. A., Bamshad, B., Esterson, M., & Fogelman, A. M. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114562 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Nakashima, Y., Raines, E. W., Plump, A. S., Breslow, J. L., & Ross, R. (1998) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.18.5.842 · Cited by 917 · see citing works
Monocytes in atherosclerosis: subsets and functions
Woollard, K. J., & Geissmann, F. (2010) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2009.228 · Cited by 890 · see citing works
Nr4a1-Dependent Ly6Clow Monocytes Monitor Endothelial Cells and Orchestrate Their Disposal
Carlin, L. M., Stamatiades, E. G., Auffray, C., Hanna, R. N., Glover, L., Vizcay‐Barrena, G., Hedrick, C. C., Cook, H. T., Diebold, S. S., & Geissmann, F. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.010 · Cited by 764 · see citing works
Combadière, C., Potteaux, S., Rodero, M., Simon, T., Pézard, A., Esposito, B., Merval, R., Proudfoot, A., Tedgui, A., & Mallat, Z. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.745091 · Cited by 714 · see citing works
Hanna, R. N., Carlin, L. M., Hubbeling, H. G., Nackiewicz, D., Green, A. M., Punt, J. A., Geissmann, F., & Hedrick, C. C. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2063 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Monocyte and Macrophage Dynamics During Atherogenesis
Ley, K. F., Miller, Y. I., & Hedrick, C. C. (2011) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.110.221127 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Self-citationPatrolling monocytes control tumor metastasis to the lung
Hanna, R. N., Cekic, C., Sağ, D., Tacke, R., Thomas, G. D., Nowyhed, H. N., Herrley, E., Rasquinha, N., McArdle, S., Wu, R., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aac9407 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Self-citationHanna, R. N., Shaked, I., Hubbeling, H., Punt, J. A., Wu, R., Herrley, E., Zaugg, C., Pei, H., Geissmann, F., Ley, K. F., et al. (2011) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.253377 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Self-citationNonclassical Patrolling Monocyte Function in the Vasculature
Thomas, G., Tacke, R., Hedrick, C. C., & Hanna, R. N. (2015) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.114.304650 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Huo, Y., Hafezi‐Moghadam, A., & Ley, K. F. (2000) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.87.2.153 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Self-citationMonocyte Fate in Atherosclerosis
Hilgendorf, I., Świrski, F. K., & Robbins, C. S. (2014) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.114.303565 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Early Hyperlipidemia Promotes Endothelial Activation via a Caspase-1-Sirtuin 1 Pathway
Yin, Y., Li, X., Sha, X., Xi, H., Li, Y., Shao, Y., Mai, J., Virtue, A. T., Lopez‐Pastrana, J., Meng, S., et al. (2015) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.115.305282 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Soehnlein, O., Drechsler, M. D., Döring, Y., Lievens, D., Hartwig, H., Kemmerich, K., Ortega‐Gómez, A., Mandl, M., Vijayan, S., Projahn, D., et al. (2013) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1002/emmm.201201717 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Bone Marrow–Specific Deficiency of Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Enhances Atherosclerosis
Hamers, A. A. J., Vos, M., Rassam, F., Marinković, G., Kurakula, K., van Gorp, P. J., de Winther, M. P. J., Gijbels, M. J., de Waard, V., & de Vries, C. J. M. (2011) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.260760 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Thomas, G. D., Hanna, R. N., Vasudevan, N. T., Hamers, A. A. J., Romanoski, C. E., McArdle, S., Ross, K. D., Blatchley, A., Yoakum, D., Hamilton, B. A., et al. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.011 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationMata, P., Rodrigo Alonso, K., López-Farré, A. J., Ordovás, J. M., Lahoz, C., Garcés, C., Caramelo, C. A., Codoceo, R., Blazquez, E., & de Oya, M. (1996) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.16.11.1347 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Finsterbusch, M., Hall, P., Li, A., Devi, S., Westhorpe, C. L. V., Kitching, A. R., & Hickey, M. J. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1606253113 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Salagianni, M. L., Galani, I. E., Lundberg, A. M., Davos, C. H., Varela, A., Gavriil, A., Lyytikäinen, L., Lehtimäki, T. J., Sigala, F., Folkersen, L., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.067678 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
T Lymphocytes Orient against the Direction of Fluid Flow during LFA-1-Mediated Migration
Valignat, M., Théodoly, O., Gucciardi, A., Hogg, N., & Lellouch, A. C. (2013) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2012.12.007 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
High-Resolution Imaging of Intravascular Atherogenic Inflammation in Live Mice
Chèvre, R., González, J. M., Megens, R. T. A., Sreeramkumar, V., Silvestre-Roig, C., Molina-Sánchez, P., Weber, C., Soehnlein, O., Hidalgo, A., & Andrés, V. (2013) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.114.302590 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
CCN1/CYR61-mediated meticulous patrolling by Ly6C low monocytes fuels vascular inflammation
Imhof, B. A., Jemelin, S., Ballet, R., Vesin, C., Schapira, M., Karaca, M., & Emre, Y. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1607710113 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
McArdle, S., Chodaczek, G., Ray, N., & Ley, K. F. (2015) · Journal of Biomedical Optics · doi:10.1117/1.jbo.20.2.026005 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationJongkind, J. F., Verkerk, A., & Hoogerbrugge, N. (1995) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90169-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Inflammation and its resolution in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities
Bäck, M., Yurdagul, A., Tabas, I., Öörni, K., & Kovanen, P. T. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-019-0169-2 · Cited by 1,341 · see citing works
Developmental and Functional Heterogeneity of Monocytes
Guilliams, M., Mildner, A., & Yona, S. (2018) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.10.005 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
How the immune system shapes atherosclerosis: roles of innate and adaptive immunity
Roy, P., Orecchioni, M., & Ley, K. F. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00584-1 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Self-citationNonclassical Monocytes in Health and Disease
Narasimhan, P. B., Marcovecchio, P., Hamers, A. A. J., & Hedrick, C. C. (2019) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053119 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Hays, K. E., Pfaffinger, J. M., & Ryznar, R. J. (2024) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2024.2393270 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Meta-Analysis of Leukocyte Diversity in Atherosclerotic Mouse Aortas
Zernecke, A., Winkels, H., Cochain, C., Williams, J. W., Wolf, D., Soehnlein, O., Robbins, C. S., Monaco, C. G., Park, I., McNamara, C. A., et al. (2020) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.120.316903 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Self-citationMacrophage polarization and metabolism in atherosclerosis
Hou, P., Fang, J., Liu, Z., Shi, Y., Agostini, M., Bernassola, F., Bove, P., Candi, E., Rovella, V., Sica, G. S., et al. (2023) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-023-06206-z · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Myeloid cell contributions to cardiovascular health and disease
Nahrendorf, M. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0064-0 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Hematopoiesis and Cardiovascular Disease
Poller, W. C., Nahrendorf, M., & Świrski, F. K. (2020) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.120.315895 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Human Monocyte Heterogeneity as Revealed by High-Dimensional Mass Cytometry
Hamers, A. A. J., Dinh, H. Q., Thomas, G. D., Marcovecchio, P., Blatchley, A., Nakao, C., Kim, C., McSkimming, C. C., Taylor, A. M., Nguyen, A. T., et al. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.311022 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
The Aging Risk and Atherosclerosis: A Fresh Look at Arterial Homeostasis
Head, T., Daunert, S., & Goldschmidt‐Clermont, P. J. (2017) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00216 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Monocyte Regulation in Homeostasis and Malignancy
Robinson, A., Han, C. Z., Glass, C. K., & Pollard, J. W. (2021) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2020.12.001 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Macrophage Biology, Classification, and Phenotype in Cardiovascular Disease
Williams, J. W., Giannarelli, C., Rahman, A. H., Randolph, G. J., & Kovacic, J. C. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2148 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Monocyte Recruitment, Specification, and Function in Atherosclerosis
Kim, K.-W., Ivanov, S., & Williams, J. W. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10010015 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Capturing the Fantastic Voyage of Monocytes Through Time and Space
Teh, Y. C., Ding, J. L., Ng, L. G., & Chong, S. Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00834 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Inflammatory Cells in Atherosclerosis
Mehu, M., Narasimhulu, C. A., & Singla, D. K. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11020233 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Macrophage profiling in atherosclerosis: understanding the unstable plaque
Gianopoulos, I., & Daskalopoulou, S. S. (2024) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00395-023-01023-z · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Marcovecchio, P., Thomas, G. D., Mikulski, Z., Ehinger, E., Mueller, K. A. L., Blatchley, A., Wu, R., Miller, Y. I., Nguyen, A. T., Taylor, A. M., et al. (2017) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.117.309123 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationOxidative and inflammatory signals in obesity-associated vascular abnormalities
Reho, J. J., & Rahmouni, K. (2017) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20170219 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Migratory and Dancing Macrophage Subsets in Atherosclerotic Lesions
McArdle, S., Buscher, K., Ghosheh, Y., Pramod, A. B., Miller, J. F., Winkels, H., Wolf, D., & Ley, K. F. (2019) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.119.315175 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationHaubruck, P., Pinto, M. M., Moradi, B., Little, C. B., & Gentek, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.763702 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
The role of monocytosis and neutrophilia in atherosclerosis
Chistiakov, D. A., Grechko, A. V., Myasoedova, V. A., Melnichenko, A. А., & Orekhov, A. N. (2018) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.13462 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Innate and adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis
Miteva, K., Madonna, R., Caterina, R. D., & Linthout, S. V. (2018) · Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.vph.2018.04.006 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Understanding the development of Th2 cell-driven allergic airway disease in early life
León, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Allergy · doi:10.3389/falgy.2022.1080153 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Patrolling Mechanics of Non-Classical Monocytes in Vascular Inflammation
Buscher, K., Marcovecchio, P., Hedrick, C. C., & Ley, K. (2017) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2017.00080 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationInefficient N2-Like Neutrophils Are Promoted by Androgens During Infection
Scalerandi, M. V., Peinetti, N., Leimgruber, C., Rubio, M. M. C., Nicola, J. P., Menezes, G. B., Maldonado, C. A., & Quintar, A. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01980 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationRenal Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in SLE Nephritis
Maria, N. I., & Davidson, A. (2017) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-017-0708-y · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Hernandez, G. E., Ma, F., Martínez, G., Firozabadi, N. B., Salvador, J., Juang, L. J., Leung, J., Zhao, P., López, D. A., Ardehali, R., et al. (2022) · Nature Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1038/s44161-021-00006-4 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
PD-L1 expression on nonclassical monocytes reveals their origin and immunoregulatory function
Bianchini, M., Duchêne, J., Santovito, D., Schloss, M. J., Evrard, M., Winkels, H., Aslani, M., Mohanta, S. K., Horckmans, M., Blanchet, X., et al. (2019) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aar3054 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Where the Action Is—Leukocyte Recruitment in Atherosclerosis
Mauersberger, C., Hinterdobler, J., Schunkert, H., Kessler, T., & Sager, H. B. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.813984 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Inflammatory Cell Recruitment in Cardiovascular Disease
Marchini, T., Mitre, L. S., & Wolf, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.635527 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationAtherosclerosis and multi-organ-associated pathologies
Keeter, W. C., Ma, S., Stahr, N. A., Moriarty, A. K., & Galkina, E. (2022) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-022-00914-y · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Williams, J. W., Martel, C., Potteaux, S., Esaulova, E., Ingersoll, M. A., Elvington, A., Saunders, B. T., Huang, L.-H., Habenicht, A. J., Zinselmeyer, B. H., et al. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.311319 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
HO-1hi patrolling monocytes protect against vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease
Liu, Y., Jing, F., Yi, W., Mendelson, A., Shi, P., Walsh, R., Friedman, D. F., Minniti, C., Manwani, D., Chou, S. T., et al. (2018) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2017-12-819870 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Nonclassical monocytes in cardiovascular physiology and disease
Tahir, S., & Steffens, S. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00326.2020 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Li, W., Luehmann, H. P., Hsiao, H.-M., Tanaka, S., Higashikubo, R., Gauthier, J. M., Sultan, D. H., Lavine, K. J., Brody, S. L., Gelman, A. E., et al. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.117.310517 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis
Sun, H., Zhi, K., Hu, L., & Fan, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.633639 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells From Acute Myocardial Infarction
Qian, J., Gao, Y., Lai, Y., Ye, Z., Yao, Y., Ding, K., Tong, J., Lin, H., Zhu, G., Yu, Y., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.908815 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The many flavors of monocyte/macrophage--endothelial cell interactions
Hernandez, G. E., & Iruela‐Arispe, M. L. (2020) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/moh.0000000000000573 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Roy-Chowdhury, E., Brauns, N., Helmke, A., Nordlohne, J., Bräsen, J. H., Schmitz, J., Volkmann, J., Fleig, S. V., Kusche‐Vihrog, K., Haller, H. G., et al. (2020) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvaa234 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Oh, E. S., Na, M., & Rogers, C. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.640124 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Getzin, T., Krishnasamy, K., Gamrekelashvili, J., Kapanadze, T. G., Limbourg, A., Häger, C., Napp, L. C., Bauersachs, J. K., Haller, H. G., & Limbourg, F. P. (2017) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.201707502 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Zha, Y., Lu, Y., Zhang, T., Yan, K., Zhuang, W., Liang, J., Cheng, Y., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01605-7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Innate Immune System and Cardiovascular Disease in ESKD: Monocytes and Natural Killer Cells
Dounousi, E. C., Duni, Α., Naka, K. Κ., Vartholomatos, G., & Zoccali, C. (2020) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161118666200628024027 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Immunological perspectives on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression
Pi, H., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Zhang, M., He, Q., Zheng, X., Yin, K., Zhao, G., & Jiang, T. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1437821 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ciaglia, E., Montella, F., Lopardo, V., Scala, P., Ferrario, A., Cattaneo, M., Carrizzo, A., Malovini, A. L., Madeddu, P., Vecchione, C., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01034 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Unravelling monocyte functions: from the guardians of health to the regulators of disease
Mildner, A., Kim, K.-W., & Yona, S. (2024) · Discovery Immunology · doi:10.1093/discim/kyae014 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Kaur, K., Bachus, H., Lewis, C., Papillion, A. M., Rosenberg, A. F., Ballesteros‐Tato, A., & León, B. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110178 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Long COVID Definition, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Epidemiology and Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review
Kozłowski, P., Leszczyńska, A., & Ciepiela, O. (2024) · American Journal of Medicine Open · doi:10.1016/j.ajmo.2024.100068 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Macrophages in Atheromatous Plaque Developmental Stages
von Ehr, A., Bode, C., & Hilgendorf, I. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.865367 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Shao, R.-F., Chen, R., Zheng, Q., Yao, M., Li, K., Cao, Y., & Jiang, L.-H. (2024) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.12239 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Current and Emerging Preclinical Approaches for Imaging-Based Characterization of Atherosclerosis
on behalf of the Cardiovascular study group of the European Society of Molecular Imaging, Vigne, J., Thackeray, J. T., Essers, J., Makowski, M., Varasteh, Z., Curaj, A., Karlas, A., Canet‐Soulas, E., Mulder, W. J. M., et al. (2018) · Molecular Imaging and Biology · doi:10.1007/s11307-018-1264-1 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Moving from lipids to leukocytes: inflammation and immune cells in atherosclerosis
Annink, M. E., Kraaijenhof, J. M., Stroes, E. S. G., & Kroon, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2024.1446758 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Chipont, A., Esposito, B., Challier, I., Montabord, M., Tedgui, A., Mallat, Z., Loyer, X., & Potteaux, S. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.311942 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
How toll-like receptors reveal monocyte plasticity: the cutting edge of antiinflammatory therapy
Ropert, C. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-018-2959-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Trafficking of Mononuclear Phagocytes in Healthy Arteries and Atherosclerosis
Tomas, L., Prica, F., & Schulz, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.718432 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Emerging roles of infiltrating granulocytes and monocytes in homeostasis
Groeneweg, L., Hidalgo, A., & A-González, N. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-020-03509-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
De, G., Chen, A., Zhao, Q., Xie, R., Wang, C., Li, M., Zhao, H., Gu, X., McCarl, L. H., Zhang, F., et al. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105617 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Ins and Outs of Myeloid Cells in Atherosclerosis
Schumski, A., Winter, C., Döring, Y., & Soehnlein, O. (2018) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000488091 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Howe, K., Cybulsky, M., & Fish, J. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.888390 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
DEC205-DC targeted DNA vaccine against CX3CR1 protects against atherogenesis in mice
Zhou, J. J., Wang, Y. M., Lee, V. W., Zhang, G. Y., Medbury, H. J., Williams, H., Wang, Y., Tan, T. K., Harris, D. C. H., Alexander, S. I., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195657 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mueller, K. A. L., Hanna, D. B., Ehinger, E., Xue, X., Baas, L., Gawaz, M., Geisler, T., Anastos, K., Cohen, M. H., Gange, S. J., et al. (2018) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvy292 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationPatrolling Monocytes Are Recruited and Activated by Diabetes to Protect Retinal Microvessels
Tecilazich, F., Phan, T. A., Simeoni, F., Scotti, G. M., Dagher, Z., & Lorenzi, M. (2020) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db19-1043 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A multi-step transcriptional cascade underlies vascular regeneration in vivo
Shirali, A. S., Romay, M. C., McDonald, A. I., Su, T., Steel, M. E., & Iruela‐Arispe, M. L. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23653-3 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vessels as dynamic atherosclerosis model on a chipPreprint
Mallone, A., Gericke, C., Hosseini, V., Chahbi, K., Haenseler, W., Emmert, M. Y., von Eckardstein, A., Walther, J. H., Viola Vogel, B., Weber, B., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.11.27.401034 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Polecat’s View of Patrolling Monocytes
Williams, J. W., Randolph, G. J., & Zinselmeyer, B. H. (2017) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.311021 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Transcriptional programs underlying human monocyte differentiation and diversity
Komaravolu, R. K., Araujo, D. J., Hedrick, C. C., & Alimadadi, A. (2025) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1093/jleuko/qiaf058 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Patrolling monocytes in sickle cell hemolytic conditions
Liu, Y., Zhong, H., Vinchi, F., Mendelson, A., & Yazdanbakhsh, K. (2019) · Transfusion Clinique et Biologique · doi:10.1016/j.tracli.2019.02.004 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Illuminating the covert mission of mononuclear phagocytes in their regional niches
Chong, S. Z., Evrard, M., Goh, C. C., & Ng, L. G. (2017) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2017.12.004 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Rapid Inflammasome Activation Is Attenuated in Post-Myocardial Infarction Monocytes
Giral, H., Franke, V., Moobed, M., Müller, M. F., Lübking, L., James, D. M., Hartung, J. J., Kuschnerus, K., Meteva, D., Seppelt, C., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.857455 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wang, C., Noble, P. B., Elliot, J., James, A. L., & Wang, K. C. W. (2023) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c220011 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Intravascular Crawling of Patrolling Monocytes: A Lèvy-Like Motility for Unique Search Functions?
Moreno-Cañadas, R., Luque‐Martín, L., & Arroyo, A. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.730835 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Paredes, A. D., Lindeblad, M. O., Patil, R. V., Neal, M. D., Hong, Y., Smith, B., Nanda, J. P., Mousafeiris, V., Moulder, J. E., Bosland, M. C., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Radiation Biology · doi:10.1080/09553002.2020.1820606 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Opris, C. E., Suciu, H., Puscas, A. I., Flămând, S., Harpa, M. M., Opriş, C. I., Jung, I., Popa, C. O., & Neeter, K. A. S. (2025) · Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology · doi:10.47162/rjme.65.4.18 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Decoding Vascular Cell Diversity: Single-Cell Approaches to Mechanisms of Vascular Disease
Schwartzman, W. E., Jiang, J., Rao, J. S., Schnitzler, G. R., Maurya, M., Widdup, L., Pepin, M. E., Kang, H. Y., Zheng, C. X., & Gupta, R. M. (2026) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.125.326001 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
In Vivo Visualization of Intravascular Patrolling Immune Cells in the Primate Eye
Ashbery, D., Baez, H. C., Kanarr, R. E., Kunala, K., Power, D., Chu, C. J., Schallek, J. B., & McGregor, J. E. (2024) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.65.11.23 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Menzyanova, N. G., Pyatina, S. A., Nikolaeva, E. D., Shabanov, A. V., Nemtsev, I. V., Stolyarov, D. P., Dryganov, D. B., Sakhnov, E. V., & Shishatskaya, E. I. (2018) · Toxicology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.11.009 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Causal relationship between immune cells and heart failure: A Mendelian randomization study
Lu, S., Yu, Y., Zhu, Z., Wang, M., Liu, R., & Liu, J. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000041247 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Redefining Macrophage Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: A Focus on Possible Therapeutic Implications
Kanuri, B., Maremanda, K. P., Chattopadhyay, D., Essop, M. F., Lee, M. K. S., Murphy, A. J., & Nagareddy, P. R. (2025) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cph4.70008 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jang, M. A., Song, J. W., Kim, R. H., Kang, D. O., Kang, U., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. H., Park, E. J., Park, Y. H., Lee, B.-H., et al. (2024) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.124.321566 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Yan, S., Wu, T., Li, N., Zhang, L., Song, J., Xu, Y., Wang, S., Ding, L., Jin, J.-H., Liu, Y., et al. (2018) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2018/4812639 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sánchez, M. C., Herráiz, A., Ciudad, M. J., Arias, M., Alonso, R., Doblas, C., Llama‐Palacios, A., & Yurrita, L. C. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13142207 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Vascular‐Associated Mononuclear Phagocytes: First‐Line Soldiers Ambushing Metastasis
Huang, H., Zheng, X.-N., & Tian, L. H. (2024) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202400261 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Microvascular immunity is organ-specific and remodeled after kidney injury in mice
Rixen, R., Schütz, P., Walter, C., Hüchtmann, B., Marck, V. V., Heitplatz, B., Varghese, J., Varga, G., Foell, D., Pap, T., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-59609-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationCausal role of immune cells in varicose veins: insights from a Mendelian randomization study
Zhang, Q.-F., & Liu, Q.-L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-03602-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wang, C., Zhu, Y., & Pan, D. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-59810-0 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Assessment of medullary and extramedullary myelopoiesis in cardiovascular diseases
Abdali, A., & Marinković, G. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105663 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Yrlid, U., Holm, M., Levin, M. C., Alsén, S., Lindbom, M., Glise, L., Bergh, N., Borén, J., & Fogelstrand, P. (2018) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.4a1017-402rr · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Systemic Interactions, and Therapeutic Targets
Soares, E., Westendorp, W., Coutinho, J. M., Brouwer, M., & van de Beek, D. (2026) · Translational Stroke Research · doi:10.1007/s12975-026-01442-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Patrolling the endothelium in sickle cell disease
Gordeuk, V. R. (2018) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2018-02-832139 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Feng, J., Zhang, J., Wang, S., Li, Z., Yuan, H., Yao, H., Xue, J., Zheng, J., Wu, Y., Wang, S., et al. (2025) · npj Science of Food · doi:10.1038/s41538-025-00546-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The role of the endothelium in long COVID
Tamariz, L. J., Shehadeh, L. A., Bast, E. S., Klimas, N., & Palacio, A. (2026) · Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.vph.2026.107654 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cardozo, M. E., Cirilo, T. M., Rihs, J. B. D. R., Souza, J. L. N., Duval, I. D. B., Antunes-Porto, A. R., do Amaral, L. V. B., Oliveira, F. B. R., Ricci, M. F., Santos, L. L. D. O., et al. (2026) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202600565rr · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wang, C., Noble, P. B., Elliot, J., James, A. L., & Wang, K. C. W. (2023) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2023.tb00252.x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Circulation Research “In This Issue” Anthology
Williams, R. R. E. (2018) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/res.0000000000000211 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Respiratory mononuclear phagocytes during steady state and sarcoidosis
Lepzien, R. (2020) · Figshare
Atherosclerosis and thrombosis
Badimón, L., & Vilahur, G. (2021) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198849346.003.0037
Modeling the evolutionary history of nonclassical monocytes in mammalsPreprint
Araujo, D. J., Fernández, D., Alimadadi, A., Zagal-Norman, A., & Hedrick, C. C. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.10.12.511958
Microvascular immunity is organ-specific and concealed in peripheral bloodPreprint
Rixen, R., Schütz, P., Walter, C., Hüchtmann, B., Marck, V. V., Heitplatz, B., Varghese, J., Pavenstädt, H. J., & Buscher, K. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.04.02.584356
Self-citationImmunology of Dietary Exposure
Mohapatra, L., Mishra, D. K., Tripathi, A. S., & Parida, S. K. (2024) · Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-5528-2.ch008
- Authors
- Quintar, A., McArdle, S., Wolf, D., Marki, A., Ehinger, E., Vassallo, M., Miller, J., Mikulski, Z., Ley, K., & Buscher, K.
- Affiliations
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology (US)
- From the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla, CA (A.Q., S.M., D.W., A.M., E.E., M.V., J.M., Z.M., K.L., K.B.); and Centro de Microscopia Electronica, INICSA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (A.Q.).
- Corresponding author
- Ley, Klaus
- Buscher, Konrad
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation Research
- Published
- 2017-05-26
- Volume
- 120
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1789-1799
- ISSN
- 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4571
- PMC
- PMC5446289
- OpenAlex
- W2597243982
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 6.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Circulation Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL115232, T32HL105373)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- non-classical monocytes, CX3CR1, endothelial homeostasis, atherosclerosis, Western diet, hyperlipidemia, large arteries, carotid artery, endothelial injury, endothelial cell apoptosis, Nur77, LFA-1, CD49d, TLR agonists, monocyte migration, intravital microscopy
- MeSH terms
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1, Animals, Arteries, Endothelium, Vascular, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Monocytes, Mice, Knockout, Receptors, Chemokine, Atherosclerosis, Mice, Diet, Western
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
