Cardiovascular Event Prediction and Risk Reclassification by Coronary, Aortic, and Valvular Calcification in the Framingham Heart Study
Open accessAbstract
Background: We determined whether vascular and valvular calcification predicted incident major coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease ( CVD ), and all‐cause mortality independent of Framingham risk factors in the community‐based Framingham Heart Study. Methods and Results: Coronary artery calcium ( CAC ), thoracic and abdominal aortic calcium, and mitral or aortic valve calcium were measured by cardiac computed tomography in participants free of CVD . Participants were followed for a median of 8 years. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine association of CAC , thoracic and abdominal aortic calcium, and mitral and aortic valve calcium with end points. Improvement in discrimination beyond risk factors was tested via the C‐statistic and net reclassification index. In this cohort of 3486 participants (mean age 50±10 years; 51% female), CAC was most strongly associated with major coronary heart disease, followed by major CVD , and all‐cause mortality independent of Framingham risk factors. Among noncoronary calcifications, mitral valve calcium was associated with major CVD and all‐cause mortality independent of Framingham risk factors and CAC . CAC significantly improved discriminatory value beyond risk factors for coronary heart disease (area under the curve 0.78–0.82; net reclassification index 32%, 95% CI 11–53) but not for CVD . CAC accurately reclassified 85% of the 261 patients who were at intermediate (5–10%) 10‐year risk for coronary heart disease based on Framingham risk factors to either low risk (n=172; no events observed) or high risk (n=53; observed event rate 8%). Conclusions: CAC improves discrimination and risk reclassification for major coronary heart disease and CVD beyond risk factors in asymptomatic community‐dwelling persons and accurately reclassifies two‐thirds of the intermediate‐risk population.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is increasing risk in the ordinal calcium score tiers identified by the deep learning system.
“Persons with a calcium score of zero are at very low risk24, with increasing risk in the ordinal calcium score tiers identified by the deep learning system25–27.”
From Deep convolutional neural networks to predict cardiovascular risk from computed tomography (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure
Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., Fonarow, G. C., Geraci, S. A., Horwich, T., Januzzi, J. L., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.019 · Cited by 12,536 · see citing works
General Cardiovascular Risk Profile for Use in Primary Care: The Framingham Heart Study
D’Agostino, R. B., Vasan, R. S., Pencina, M. J., Wolf, P. A., Cobain, M., Massaro, J. M., & Kannel, W. B. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.699579 · Cited by 7,491 · see citing works
Self-citationPencina, M. J., D' Agostino, R. B., D' Agostino, R. B., & Vasan, R. S. (2008) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2929 · Cited by 6,493 · see citing works
Self-citation2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk
Goff, D. C., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Bennett, G., Coady, S., D’Agostino, R. B., Gibbons, R., Greenland, P., Lackland, D. T., Levy, D., O’Donnell, C. J., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.005 · Cited by 4,945 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary Calcium as a Predictor of Coronary Events in Four Racial or Ethnic Groups
Detrano, R., Guerci, A. D., Carr, J. J., Bild, D. E., Burke, G., Folsom, A. R., Liu, K., Shea, S., Szklo, M., Bluemke, D. A., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa072100 · Cited by 2,989 · see citing works
Pencina, M. J., & D’Agostino, R. B. (2004) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1802 · Cited by 1,446 · see citing works
Self-citationGreenland, P. (2007) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2976 · Cited by 1,300 · see citing works
Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Borden, W. B., Bravata, D. M., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., Fox, C. S., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e318282ab8f · Cited by 1,294 · see citing works
Self-citationAssociation of Aortic-Valve Sclerosis with Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in the Elderly
Otto, C. M., Lind, B. K., Kitzman, D. W., Gersh, B. J., & Siscovick, D. S. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199907153410302 · Cited by 1,281 · see citing works
Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Risk Classification for Coronary Heart Disease Prediction
Polonsky, T. S. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.461 · Cited by 1,123 · see citing works
Yeboah, J., McClelland, R. L., Polonsky, T. S., Burke, G. L., Sibley, C. T., O’Leary, D., Carr, J. J., Goff, D. C., Greenland, P., & Herrington, D. M. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.9624 · Cited by 1,122 · see citing works
Abdominal Aortic Calcific Deposits Are an Important Predictor of Vascular Morbidity and Mortality
Wilson, P. W. F., Kauppila, L. I., O’Donnell, C. J., Kiel, D. P., Hannan, M. T., Polak, J. F., & Cupples, L. A. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.11.1529 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary Calcification Improves Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in the Elderly
Vliegenthart, R., Oudkerk, M., Albert Hofman, D., Oei, H.-H. S., van Dijck, W., van Rooij, F. J. A., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.488916 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Calcification of the Aortic Arch
Iribarren, C., Sidney, S., Sternfeld, B., & Browner, W. S. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.21.2810 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Blaha, M. J., Budoff, M. J., DeFilippis, A. P., Blankstein, R., Rivera, J. J., Agatston, A. S., O’Leary, D. H., Lima, J. A. C., Blumenthal, R. S., & Nasir, K. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60784-8 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Association of Race and Sex With Risk of Incident Acute Coronary Heart Disease Events
Safford, M. M., Brown, T. M., Muntner, P. M., Durant, R. W., Glasser, S., Halanych, J. H., Shikany, J. M., Prineas, R. J., Samdarshi, T., Bittner, V. A., et al. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.14306 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
AORTIC CALCIFICATION AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY
Witteman, J. M., Kok, F. J., Saase, J. C. M. V., & Valkenburg, H. A. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90530-1 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Calcium, and Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Martin, S. S., Blaha, M. J., Blankstein, R., Agatston, A. A., Rivera, J. J., Virani, S. S., Ouyang, P., Jones, S. R., Blumenthal, R. S., Budoff, M. J., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.003625 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Aortic calcified plaques and cardiovascular disease (the Framingham study)
Witteman, J. C. M., Kannel, W. B., Wolf, P. A., Grobbee, D. E., Albert Hofman, D., D’Agostino, R. B., & Cobb, J. L. (1990) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(90)90505-u · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationGonçalves, F. B., Voûte, M. T., Hoeks, S. E., Chonchol, M. B., Boersma, E. E., Stolker, R. J., & Verhagen, H. J. M. (2012) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301464 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Lehman, S. J., Massaro, J. M., Schlett, C. L., O’Donnell, C. J., Hoffmann, U., & Fox, C. S. (2010) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.007 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citationBudoff, M. J., Nasir, K., Katz, R., Takasu, J., Carr, J. J., Wong, N. D., Allison, M., Lima, J. A. C., Detrano, R., Blumenthal, R. S., et al. (2010) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.11.017 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Hoffmann, U., Massaro, J. M., Fox, C. S., Manders, E. S., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2008) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.06.038 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Self-citationHong, C., Bae, K. T., & Pilgram, T. K. (2003) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2273020369 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Guideline-Based Statin Eligibility, Coronary Artery Calcification, and Cardiovascular Events
Pursnani, A. K., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., O’Donnell, C. J., & Hoffmann, U. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.7515 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationEisen, A., Tenenbaum, A., Koren‐Morag, N., Tanné, D., Shemesh, J., Imazio, M., Fisman, E. Z., Motro, M., Schwammenthal, E., & Adler, Y. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.712141 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Webber, B. J., Seguin, P. G., Burnett, D. G., Clark, L. L., & Otto, J. L. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.70830 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Hoffmann, U., Siebert, U., Bull-Stewart, A., Achenbach, S. S., Ferencik, M., Moselewski, F., Brady, T. J., Massaro, J. M., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2006) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.12.027 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationThanassoulis, G., Massaro, J. M., Cury, R., Manders, E., Benjamin, E. J., Vasan, R. S., Cupple, L. A., Hoffmann, U., O'Donnell, C. J., & Kathiresan, S. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.019 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationLevitzky, Y. S., Cupples, L. A., Murabito, J. M., Kannel, W. B., Kiel, D. P., Wilson, P. W. F., Wolf, P. A., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2008) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.08.032 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationKälsch, H., Lehmann, N., Berg, M. H., Mahabadi, A. A., Mergen, P., Möhlenkamp, S., Bauer, M., Kara, K., Dragano, N., Hoffmann, B. H., et al. (2013) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487313482281 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Preis, S. R., Hwang, S., Fox, C. S., Massaro, J. M., Levy, D. A., Hoffmann, U., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2009) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.02.020 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Williams, M. C., Kwieciński, J., Doris, M. K., McElhinney, P. A., D’Souza, M. S., Cadet, S. J., Adamson, P. D., Moss, A. J., Alam, S. R., Hunter, A. L., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.119.044720 · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Hecht, H. S., Blaha, M. J., Berman, D. S., Nasir, K., Budoff, M. J., Leipsic, J. A., Blankstein, R., Narula, J., Rumberger, J. A., & Shaw, L. J. (2017) · Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography · doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2017.02.010 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
70-year legacy of the Framingham Heart Study
Andersson, C., Johnson, A. D., Benjamin, E. J., Levy, D., & Vasan, R. S. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-019-0202-5 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Cardiac Radiation Dose, Cardiac Disease, and Mortality in Patients With Lung Cancer
Atkins, K. M., Rawal, B., Chaunzwa, T. L., Lamba, N., Bitterman, D. S., Williams, C. L., Kozono, D., Baldini, E. H., Chen, A. B., Nguyen, P. L., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.500 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Self-citationVascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: different bricks in the wall?
Vervloet, M. G., & Cozzolino, M. G. (2016) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.024 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Mladěnka, P., Macáková, K., Krčmová, L. K., Javorská, L., Mrštná, K., Carazo, A., Protti, M., Remião, F., Nováková, L., & collaborators, T. O. R. A. (2021) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuab061 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Zhao, X., & Wu, H. (2020) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.313131 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Deep convolutional neural networks to predict cardiovascular risk from computed tomography
Zeleznik, R., Foldyna, B., Eslami, P., Weiss, J., Alexander, I., Taron, J., Parmar, C., Alvi, R. M., Banerji, D., Uno, M., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-20966-2 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Self-citationCardiovascular Manifestations From Therapeutic Radiation
Mitchell, J. D., Cehic, D., Morgia, M., Bergom, C. R., Toohey, J. M., Guerrero, P. A., Ferencik, M., Kikuchi, R., Carver, J. R., Zaha, V. G., et al. (2021) · JACC CardioOncology · doi:10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.06.003 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Lin, J. S., Evans, C. V., Johnson, E., Redmond, N., Coppola, E. L., & Smith, N. (2018) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2018.4242 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Early and Supernormal Vascular Aging
Bruno, R. M., Nilsson, P. M., Engström, G., Wadström, B. N., Empana, J. P., Boutouyrie, P., & Laurent, S. (2020) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14971 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Criqui, M. H., Denenberg, J. O., McClelland, R. L., Allison, M., Ix, J. H., Guerci, A. D., Cohoon, K. P., Srikanthan, P., Watson, K. E., & Wong, N. D. (2014) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.114.303268 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Role of coronary artery calcium score in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Nasir, K., & Cainzos‐Achirica, M. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n776 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Leow, K., Szulc, P., Schousboe, J. T., Kiel, D. P., Teixeira-Pinto, A. M., Shaikh, H., Sawang, M., Sim, M., Bondonno, N. P., Hodgson, J. M., et al. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.017205 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
O’Connor, S. D., Graffy, P. M., Zea, R. D., & Pickhardt, P. J. (2018) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2018180562 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Ferencik, M., Pencina, K. M., Liu, T., Ghemigian, K., Baltrusaitis, K., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., O’Donnell, C. J., & Hoffmann, U. (2017) · Circulation Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1161/circimaging.117.006592 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-citationExcess comorbidities in gout: the causal paradigm and pleiotropic approaches to care
Choi, H. K., McCormick, N., & Yokose, C. (2021) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-021-00725-9 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Prognostic Value of Coronary CTA in Stable Chest Pain
Bittner, D. O., Mayrhofer, T., Budoff, M. J., Szilveszter, B., Foldyna, B., Hallett, T. R., Ivanov, A. V., Janjua, S., Meyersohn, N. M., Staziaki, P. V., et al. (2019) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.09.012 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationAbdominal aortic calcification: from ancient friend to modern foe
Bartstra, J. W., Mali, W. P. T. M., Spiering, W., & de Jong, P. A. (2020) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487320919895 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Khera, A., Budoff, M. J., O’Donnell, C. J., Ayers, C. R., Locke, J. P., de Lemos, J. A., Massaro, J. M., McClelland, R. L., Taylor, A. J., & Levine, B. D. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.033505 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationSchousboe, J. T., Lewis, J. R., & Kiel, D. P. (2017) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2017.01.025 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Bell, K., White, S., Hassan, O., Zhu, L., Scott, A. M., Clark, J. M., & Glasziou, P. (2022) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.1262 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Andersson, C., Nayor, M. G., Tsao, C. W., Levy, D. A., & Vasan, R. S. (2021) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.01.059 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Desai, M. Y., Cremer, P. C., & Schoenhagen, P. (2018) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.03.023 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Perone, F., Bernardi, M., Redheuil, A. B., Mafrica, D., Conte, E., Spadafora, L., Ecarnot, F., Tokgözoğlu, L. S., Santos‐Gallego, C. G., Kaiser, S., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12175563 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Faggiano, P. M., Dasseni, N., Gaibazzi, N., Rossi, A., Henein, M. Y., & Pressman, G. S. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487319830485 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Coronary artery calcium scoring: an evidence‐based guide for primary care physicians
Cheong, B., Wilson, J. M., Spann, S., Pettigrew, R. I., Preventza, O. A., & Muthupillai, R. (2020) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13176 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Garg, P. K., Bhatia, H. S., Allen, T. S., Grainger, T., Pouncey, A. L., Dichek, D. A., Virmani, R., Golledge, J., Allison, M., & Powell, J. T. (2023) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.123.320138 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Hoffmann, U., Lu, M. T., Olalere, D., Adami, E. C., Osborne, M. T., Ivanov, A. S., Aluru, J. S., Lee, S., Arifovic, N., Overton, E. T., et al. (2019) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2019.02.011 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationSerum Sortilin Associates With Aortic Calcification and Cardiovascular Risk in Men
Goettsch, C., Iwata, H., Hutcheson, J. D., O’Donnell, C. J., Chapurlat, R. D., Cook, N. R., Aikawa, M., Szulc, P., & Aïkawa, E. (2017) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.116.308932 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary Artery Calcium Versus Pooled Cohort Equations Score for Primary Prevention Guidance
Muhlestein, J. B., Knowlton, K. U., Le, V. T., Lappe, D. L., May, H. T., Min, D. B., Johnson, K. M., Cripps, S. T., Schwab, L. H., Braun, S. B., et al. (2022) · JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.11.006 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Turner, M. E., Beck, L., Hill Gallant, K. M., Chen, Y., Moe, O. W., Kuro-o, M., Moe, S. M., & Aikawa, E. (2024) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.123.319198 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Markers of Atherosclerosis: Part 2 – Genetic and Imaging Markers
Tibaut, M., Čaprnda, M., Kubatka, P., Sinkovič, A., Valentová, V., Filipová, S., Gazdíková, K., Gašpar, Ľ., Mozos, I. M., Egom, E. E. A., et al. (2018) · Heart Lung and Circulation · doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2018.09.006 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Sethi, A., Taylor, D. L., Ruby, J. G., Venkataraman, J., Sorokin, E. P., Cule, M., & Melamud, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1003246 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Role of Coronary Artery Calcium for Stratifying Cardiovascular Risk in Adults With Hypertension
Uddin, S. M. I., Mirbolouk, M., Kianoush, S., Orimoloye, O. A., Dardari, Z., Whelton, S. P., Miedema, M. D., Nasir, K., Rumberger, J. A., Shaw, L. J., et al. (2019) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12266 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Radiomics of Coronary Artery Calcium in the Framingham Heart Study
Eslami, P., Parmar, C., Foldyna, B., Scholtz, J., Ivanov, A. V., Zeleznik, R., Lu, M. T., Ferencik, M., Vasan, R. S., Baltrusaitis, K., et al. (2020) · Radiology Cardiothoracic Imaging · doi:10.1148/ryct.2020190119 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationDORANS, K. S., Wilker, E. H., Li, W., Rice, M. B., Ljungman, P. L. S., Schwartz, J. D., Coull, B. A., Kloog, I., Koutrakis, P., D’Agostino, R. B., et al. (2016) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.116.307141 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationDisthabanchong, S., & Boongird, S. (2017) · World Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.5527/wjn.v6.i3.100 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Shahzad, R., Bos, D., Budde, R. P. J., Pellikaan, K., Niessen, W. J., van der Lugt, A., & van Walsum, T. (2017) · Physics in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa63cb · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Hereditary Disorders of Cardiovascular Calcification
Rutsch, F., Buers, I., & Nitschke, Y. (2020) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315577 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Diagnostic Tests for Vascular Calcification
Smith, E. R., Hewitson, T. D., & Holt, S. G. (2019) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2019.07.001 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Jurgens, P. T., Carr, J. J., Terry, J. G., Rana, J. S., Jacobs, D. R., & Duprez, D. A. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.121.023037 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Current Status and Review of Literature
Malguria, N., Zimmerman, S. L., & Fishman, E. K. (2018) · Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography · doi:10.1097/rct.0000000000000825 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Implementation of lung cancer screening: what are the main issues?
van der Aalst, C. M., ten Haaf, K., & de Koning, H. J. (2021) · Translational Lung Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tlcr-20-985 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Onuma, O. K., Pencina, K. M., Qazi, S., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., Chuang, M. L., Fox, C. S., Hoffmann, U., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2017) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.02.021 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationSidloff, D. A., Saratzis, A. N., Thompson, J. R., Katsogridakis, E., & Bown, M. J. (2021) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.03.013 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Malhotra, R., Nicholson, C., Wang, D., Bhambhani, V., Paniagua, S., Slocum, C., Sigurslid, H. H., Cardenas, C. L. L., Li, R., Boerboom, S. L., et al. (2021) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.121.316664 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationFoldyna, B., Eslami, P., Scholtz, J., Baltrusaitis, K., Lu, M. T., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., Ferencik, M., Aerts, H. J. W. L., O’Donnell, C. J., et al. (2019) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-019-06223-7 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationAssociation of Triglyceride-Related Genetic Variants With Mitral Annular Calcification
Afshar, M. S., Luk, K., Do, R., Dufresne, L., Owens, D. S., Harris, T. B., Peloso, G. M., Kerr, K. F., Wong, Q., Smith, A. V., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.051 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationShahraki, M. N., Jouabadi, S. M., Bos, D., Stricker, B. H. C., & Ahmadizar, F. (2023) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-023-01151-w · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Current and Future Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac CT
Joshi, M. M., Melo, D. P., Ouyang, D., Slomka, P. J., Williams, M. C., & Dey, D. (2023) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-022-01837-8 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Savo, M. T., Amicis, M. D., Cozac, D. A., Cordoni, G., Corradin, S., Cozza, E., Amato, F., Lassandro, E., Pozzo, S. D., Tansella, D., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13175205 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Vitamin K status and cardiovascular events or mortality: A meta-analysis
Zhang, S., Guo, L., & Bu, C. (2018) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318808066 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Atkins, K. M., Weiss, J., Zeleznik, R., Bitterman, D. S., Chaunzwa, T. L., Huynh, E., Guthier, C., Kozono, D. E., Lewis, J. H., Tamarappoo, B. K., et al. (2022) · JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics · doi:10.1200/cci.21.00095 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationThoracic Aorta Calcification and Noncardiovascular Disease–Related Mortality
Thomas, I. C., Thompson, C. A., Yang, M., Allison, M., Forbang, N. I., Michos, E. D., McClelland, R. L., Budoff, M. J., & Criqui, M. H. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.310850 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Bianchini, E., Lønnebakken, M. T., Wohlfahrt, P., Pişkin, Ş., Terentes-Printzios, D. G., Alastruey, J., & Guala, A. (2023) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.122.027414 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Saito, Y., Nakamura, K., Miura, D., Yunoki, K., Miyoshi, T., Yoshida, M., Kawakita, N., Kimura, T., Kondo, M., Sarashina, T., et al. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9080858 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Association of Multiorgan Computed Tomographic Phenomap With Adverse Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
Shah, R. V., Yeri, A., Murthy, V. L., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., Freedman, J. E., Long, M. T., Fox, C. S., Das, S., Benjamin, E. J., et al. (2017) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2017.3145 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationMehta, A., Kondamudi, N., Laukkanen, J. A., Wisløff, U., Franklin, B. A., Arena, R. A., Lavie, C. J., & Pandey, A. (2020) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2020.11.004 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
den Harder, A. M., Wolterink, J. M., Bartstra, J. W., Spiering, W., Zwakenberg, S. R., Beulens, J. W. J., Slart, R. H. J. A., Luurtsema, G., Mali, W. P. T. M., & de Jong, P. A. (2020) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-020-02031-5 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Anatomical References to Evaluate Thoracic Aorta Calcium by Computed Tomography
Pedrosa, J. F., Barreto, S. M., Bittencourt, M. S., & Ribeiro, A. L. P. (2019) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-019-0811-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Foessl, I., Bassett, J. H. D., Bjørnerem, Å., Busse, B., Calado, Â., Chavassieux, P., Christou, M., Douni, E. K., Fiedler, I. A. K., Fonseca, J. E., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.720728 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Marquardt, J. P., Tonnesen, P. E., Mercaldo, N. D., Graur, A., Allaire, B., Bouxsein, M., Samelson, E. J., Kiel, D. P., & Fintelmann, F. J. (2024) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/rli.0000000000001104 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
van den Oever, L. B., Cornelissen, L. J., Vonder, M., Xia, C., van Bolhuis, J. N., Vliegenthart, R., Veldhuis, R. N. J., de Bock, G. H., Oudkerk, M., & van Ooijen, P. M. A. (2020) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109114 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Gegenava, T., van der Bijl, P., Hirasawa, K., Vollema, E. M., van Rosendael, A., van der Kley, F., de Weger, A., Hautemann, D. J., Reiber, J. H. C., Marsan, N. A., et al. (2019) · Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography · doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2019.11.004 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Dudink, E. A. M. P., Peeters, F. E. C. M., Altintas, S., Heckman, L. I. B., Haest, R. J. P., Kragten, H. A., Kietselaer, B., Wildberger, J. E., LUERMANS, J. G. L. M., Weijs, B., et al. (2018) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2018-000893 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ejiri, K., Ding, N., Kim, E., Honda, Y., Cainzos‐Achirica, M., Tanaka, H., Howard, C. M., Butler, K. R., Hughes, T. M., Hof, J. V., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.031778 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Effect of No-Charge Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring on Cardiovascular Prevention
Al-Kindi, S. G., Tashtish, N., Rashid, I., Gupta, A. B., Ansari‐Gilani, K., Gilkeson, R., Cainzos‐Achirica, M., Nasir, K., Pronovost, P. J., Simon, D. I., et al. (2022) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.03.019 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Schousboe, J. T., Vo, T., Langsetmo, L., Adabağ, S., Szulc, P., Lewis, J. R., Kats, A. M., Taylor, B. C., & Ensrud, K. E. (2020) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.01.012 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Zhu, Y., Yip, R., Shemesh, J., Jirapatnakul, A. C., Yankelevitz, D. F., & Henschke, C. I. (2020) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-020-07049-4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Extent of arterial calcification by conventional vitamin K antagonist treatment
Hasific, S., Øvrehus, K. A., Gerke, O., Hallas, J., Busk, M., Lambrechtsen, J., Urbonavičienė, G., Sand, N. P. R., Nielsen, J. S., Diederichsen, L. P., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241450 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Sheppard, J. P., Lakshmanan, S., Lichtenstein, S. J., Budoff, M. J., & Roy, S. K. (2022) · British Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.5837/bjc.2022.023 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Furusawa, K., Takeshita, K., Suzuki, S., Tatami, Y., Morimoto, R., Okumura, T., Yasuda, Y., & Murohara, T. (2019) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.32629 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Heseltine, T., Murray, S. W., Ruzsics, B., & Fisher, M. (2020) · European Cardiology Review · doi:10.15420/ecr.2019.14.2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
van der Aalst, C. M., Vonder, M., Gratama, J. W., Adriaansen, H. J., Kuijpers, D., Denissen, S. J. A. M., van der Harst, P., Braam, R. L., van Dijkman, P. R. M., van Bruggen, R., et al. (2019) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · doi:10.4172/2167-0870.1000361 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Castro‐Diehl, C., Ehrbar, R. Q., Obas, V., Oh, A., Vasan, R. S., & Xanthakis, V. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251308 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Canan, A., Ghandour, A., Saboo, S. S., & Rajiah, P. S. (2023) · Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.21037/cdt-23-79 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Association between fetuin‐A and prognosis of CAD: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Xie, W., Ran, L., Jiang, J., Chen, Y., Ji, H., & Quan, X. (2019) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/eci.13091 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Artificial intelligence-derived imaging biomarkers to improve population health
Weiß, J., Hoffmann, U., & Aerts, H. J. W. L. (2020) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30061-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationTummala, R., Han, D., Friedman, J. D., Hayes, S. W., Thomson, L., Gransar, H., Slomka, P. J., Rozanski, A., Dey, D., & Berman, D. S. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100423 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Chen, X., Tu, Q., Wang, D., Liu, J., Qin, Y., Zhang, Y., & Xiang, Q. (2023) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2023.05.007 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
He, S., Wan, L., Ding, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, M., & Xie, R. (2024) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131878 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Detección de las calcificaciones cardiovasculares: ¿una herramienta útil para el nefrólogo?
Bover, J., Górriz, J. L., Ureña, P., Lloret, M. J., Ruiz-García, C., daSilva, I., Chang, P., Rodríguez, M., & Ballarín, J. (2016) · Nefrología · doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2016.05.021 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mahajan, H., Choo, J., Masaki, K., Fujiyoshi, A., Guo, J. S., Hisamatsu, T., Evans, R. G., Shangguan, S., Willcox, B. J., Okamura, T., et al. (2017) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.017 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Hisamatsu, T., & Kinuta, M. (2023) · Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.rv22009 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Grønhøj, M. H., Gerke, O., Mickley, H., Steffensen, F. H., Lambrechtsen, J., Sand, N. P. R., Rasmussen, L. M., Olsen, M. H., Hallas, J., & Diederichsen, A. C. P. (2018) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318774850 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lambrinoudaki, I. V., Delialis, D., Georgiopoulos, G. A., Tual‐Chalot, S., Vlachogiannis, N. I., Patras, R., Aivalioti, E., Armeni, E., Augoulea, A., Tsoltos, N., et al. (2020) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1721144 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Palm, V., Norajitra, T., von Stackelberg, O., Heußel, C. P., Skornitzke, S., Weinheimer, O., Kopytova, T., Klein, A., Almeida, S. D., Baumgartner, M., et al. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10112166 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Zhou, F., Gu, K., & Zhou, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1046998 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Haidar, A., Srikanthan, P., Watson, K. E., Allison, M., Kronmal, R. A., & Horwich, T. B. (2024) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.02.030 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Prognostic Value of a Validated and Automated Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Calcium Score
Neleman, T., Liu, S., Forero, M. N. T., Hartman, E. M. J., Ligthart, J. M. R., Witberg, K. T., Cummins, P. A., Zijlstra, F., Mieghem, N. M. V., Boersma, E. H., et al. (2021) · Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s12265-021-10103-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Neisius, U., Gona, P. N., Oyama‐Manabe, N., Chuang, M. L., O’Donnell, C. J., Manning, W. J., & Tsao, C. W. (2022) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.210830 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary Artery Calcium Scoring on Dedicated Cardiac CT and Noncardiac CT Scans
Dzaye, O. D. A., Razavi, A. C., Jelwan, Y. A., Peng, A. W., Grant, J. K., & Blaha, M. J. (2025) · Radiology Cardiothoracic Imaging · doi:10.1148/ryct.240548 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Extra-coronary Calcification and Cardiovascular Events: What Do We Know and Where Are We Heading?
Anugula, D., Cardoso, R. N., Grandhi, G. R., Blankstein, R., Nasir, K., Al-Mallah, M. H., Shah, D. J., & Cainzos‐Achirica, M. (2022) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-022-01051-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Foldyna, B., Mayrhofer, T., Lu, M. T., Karády, J., Kolossváry, M., Ferencik, M., Shah, S. H., Pagidipati, N. J., Douglas, P. S., & Hoffmann, U. (2023) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-023-09430-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationYao, H., Feng, G., Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Shao, C., & Wang, Z. (2024) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02255-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Jennings, G., Audehm, R. G., Bishop, W., Chow, C. K., Liaw, S., Liew, D., & Linton, S. M. (2021) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.51039 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Fujiyoshi, A., Ahuja, V., Vishnu, A., Barinas‐Mitchell, E., Kadota, A., Miura, K., Edmundowicz, D., Ueshima, H., & Sekikawa, A. M. (2022) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.01.065 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Zhang, X., van Rooij, J., Wakabayashi, Y., Hwang, S., Yang, Y., Ghanbari, M., Bos, D., Levy, D. A., Johnson, A. D., van Meurs, J. B. J., et al. (2021) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12920-020-00838-2 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationNoncontrast Chest Computed Tomographic Imaging of Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
Schlett, C. L., Nattenmüller, J., Tsuchiya, N., Vogel‐Claussen, J., Kauczor, H., Levin, D. L., Hatabu, H., Estépar, J. R., Wu, M.-T., van Beek, E. J. R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Thoracic Imaging · doi:10.1097/rti.0000000000000391 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hoffmann, U., Massaro, J. M., D'Agostino, R. B., Kathiresan, S., Fox, C. S., & O'Donnell, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Department of Mathematics, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Corresponding author
- Hoffmann, Udo
- Venue
- Journal of the American Heart Association
- Published
- 2016-02-23
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- ISSN
- 2047-9980 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4802453
- OpenAlex
- W2290600783
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 17.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Journal of the American Heart Association (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- School of Medicine, Boston University
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc25195-41-0-1, 5r01hl080124-05)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG028321, AG-028321)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01-HL080124, HL-076784, N01‐HC25195, HL107385, HL 080124, HL077447, R01HL077447, R01HL107385, R01HL076784, HL070100, HL 060040, R01HL070100, HL071039, R01HL060040, R01HL071039)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- coronary artery calcium, aortic calcification, valve calcification, mitral valve calcification, aortic valve calcification, cardiovascular risk reclassification, cardiovascular event prediction, coronary artery disease, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, Framingham risk factors, risk discrimination, intermediate-risk patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aorta, Abdominal, Aorta, Thoracic, Aortic Diseases, Aortic Valve, Aortography, Calcinosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Vessels, Female, Heart Valve Diseases, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Prevalence, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Coronary Angiography, Risk Assessment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Vascular Calcification, Multidetector Computed Tomography
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
