Neural Correlates of Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation

“Whereas the dorsal sector of the MPFC was activated commonly for all types of regulation tasks regardless of emotion type, the ventral part of the MPFC (BA 10), a region associated with self-referential processing and evaluation of internally generated information ( Kelly, Macrae, Wyland, Inati, & Heatherton, 2002; Cr…”

“…(though related) dimensions: they are characterized by different patterns of neural activity (Cacioppo et al., 1997; Carver & Scheier, 1990; Kim & Hamann, 2007), by divergent appraisal styles (Diener & Emmons, 1984; Smith & Lazarus, 1993), and by distinct personality traits (Gross & John,…”

“In contrast, some studies comparing up - and downregulation suggest that upregulation involves broader engagement of cognitive control and affect-related regions and may require sustained regulatory effort (Ochsner et al 2004, Kim and Hamann 2007, Etkin et al 2015).”

“The task was based on a previously published emotion regulation task where participants used cognitive reappraisal strategies to up-or down-regulate emotion for positive and negative emotions (Kim and Hamann 2007).”

“The incongruent feedback contrasts, compared to partner-alone feedback contrasts, yielded statistically greater BOLD activity in fronto-parietal areas including right frontal pole, inferior frontal gyrus, MFG/ DLPFC and bilateral SMG ( z > 3.1 and cluster level p GRF < 0.05; Fig.”

“The task was based on a previously published emotion regulation task where participants used cognitive reappraisal strategies to up-or down-regulate emotion for positive and negative emotions (Kim and Hamann, 2007).”

“…striatal and medial prefrontal regions associated with positive affect and value construction, alongside control-related processes, and may benefit from designs that emphasize sustained affective elaboration and personally meaningful imagery (Grosse Rue-schkamp et al., 2019; Kim & Hamann, 2007).”

“However, other accounts propose a partially separable organization in which positive and negative affect rely on partially distinct appraisals and regulatory mechanisms 35,36 , even if subjective experience is often described along a single positive-to-negative dimension.”

“…some neuropsychological studies have previously reported results of neural networks involved in processes effectively differentiated by a positive or negative load of emotion toward several elements (Cromwell et al., 2020; Hamann et al., 2002; Kim and Hamann, 2007; Sorinas et al., 2019).”

“Indeed, studies in adults show spontaneous emotion regulation of both negative and positive emotions, with stronger down-regulation of own negative emotion 90,91 .”

“While traditionally linked to working memory, attention, and cognitive control, the DLPFC also plays a critical role in emotion regulation (Delgado et al., 2008; Etkin et al., 2015; Kalisch, 2009; Kim & Hamann, 2007; White et al., 2023).”

“Beyond the scope of this paper was emotion, such as empathy (Yoder et al., 2015; Decety et al., 2016) and its role in the brain (Kim and Hamann, 2007), which plays a role in most higher-order selections and is associated with frontal and cingulate regions (Shackman and Wager, 2019a,b; Hur et al.,…”

“Cortical and subcortical responses during positive emotion regulation are distinct from those for negative emotion regulation (Kim & Hamann, 2007; Mak et al., 2009).”

“The left and medial areas of the prefrontal and orbitof-rontal cortex, as well as the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, are identified as critical for enhancing positive emotions [30].”

“Hamann SB, Ely TD, Hoffmann JM, Kilts CD. ECSTASY AND AGONY: Activation of the Human Amygdala in Positive and Negative Emotion.”

“Such a dissociation would not be surprising, since positive and negative emotions appear to be affected by different classes of bias (Levine, Lench, & Safer, 2009) and by different emotion regulation processes (Kim & Hamann, 2007).”

“However, in contrast to previous findings (Dillon et al., 2007; Kim & Hamann, 2007), intensifying emotion did not affect overall recognition memory scores in Experiment 3.”

“Eine Reihe von Studien übertrug diese Idee auf die Kontrolle diverser Belohnungsstimuli und konnte ähnliche Ergebnisse dokumentieren [44, 73, 103, 201].”

“Two of the five commonly recognized personality traits in psychology are associated with the ability to experience emotion: extraversion with positive emotions and neuroticism with negative emotions [9].”

“140 emotions compared to threatening emotions (Kim and Hamann, 2007), and thus lesser engagement of emotion regulation neural correlates is required.”

“…Iordan, & Dolcos, 2011; Dolcos & McCarthy, 2006; Fichtenholtz et al., 2004; Fitzgerald et al., 2004; Goldin, McRae, Ramel, & Gross, 2008; Kim & Hamann, 2007; Phan, Taylor et al., 2004; Phan, Wager, Taylor, & Liberzon, 2004; Phillips, Drevets, Rauch, & Lane, 2003; Sabatinelli et al., 2007,…”

“Internally generating positive emotions in response to positive stimuli consistently recruits reward-related regions, such as the ventral striatum (VS) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (Kim & Hamann, 2007), as well as the prefrontal cortex, particularly the DLPFC and MPFC (Habel, Klein, Kellermann, Shah, & Schneider, 20…”

“…Larson, & Davidson, 2000; Koenigsberg et al., 2010; McRae, Ochsner, Mauss, Gabrieli, & Gross, 2008; McRae et al., 2012; Ochsner et al., 2004; Shiota & Levenson, 2009) and increases the experience of positive emotion (Goldin, McRae, Ramel, & Gross, 2008; Kim & Hamann, 2007; McRae et al., 2012).”

“, 2001) and is especially relevant for emotion regulation (Ochsner et al., 2002; Phan et al., 2005; Kim and Hamann, 2007; Wager et al., 2008).”