Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch’s membrane: Implications for age-related macular degeneration
Abstract
PURPOSE: Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices. The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM. METHODS: Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease. The HS was purified from BrM and neurosensory retina, and after digestion to disaccharides, fluorescently labeled and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared. RESULTS: Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years). In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM. Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56). In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form. In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
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Heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), key binders of complement regulator Factor H (FH), are reduced with age and may lead to increased complement activation.
“However, heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), key binders of the complement regulator Factor H (FH), have been shown to be reduced with age [55] and may lead to increased complement activation [56,57].”
From Bruch’s Membrane: A Key Consideration with Complement-Based Therapies for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Keenan, T. D. L., Pickford, C. E., Holley, R. J., Clark, S. J., Lin, W., Dowsey, A. W., Merry, C. L., Day, A. J., & Bishop, P. N.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Hearing & Vision Research, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research (GB)
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bishop, Paul N.
- Venue
- Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
- Published
- 2014-08-26
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 5370
- ISSN
- 0146-0404 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5783
- OpenAlex
- W2068819302
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 7.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (MR/K024418/1, MR/K004441/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- heparan sulfate, Bruch's membrane, age-related macular degeneration, complement factor H, heparanase, aging, sulfation, complement activation, extracellular matrix, neurosensory retina
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cadaver, Female, Heparitin Sulfate, Heparan Sulfate, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Polysaccharide-Lyases, Retina, Bruch Membrane, Chromatography, Reverse-Phase
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