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The gut-bone axis: how bacterial metabolites bridge the distance
Open accessAbstract
The gut microbiome is a key regulator of bone health that affects postnatal skeletal development and skeletal involution. Alterations in microbiota composition and host responses to the microbiota contribute to pathological bone loss, while changes in microbiota composition that prevent, or reverse, bone loss may be achieved by nutritional supplements with prebiotics and probiotics. One mechanism whereby microbes influence organs of the body is through the production of metabolites that diffuse from the gut into the systemic circulation. Recently, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are generated by fermentation of complex carbohydrates, have emerged as key regulatory metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. This Review will focus on the effects of SCFAs on the musculoskeletal system and discuss the mechanisms whereby SCFAs regulate bone cells.
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“Beyond their influence on the GI tract, SCFAs have emerged as potent regulators of osteoclast activity and bone metabolism [31].”
From Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics (2023) · cites this paper as [31]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zaiss, M. M., Jones, R. M., Schett, G., & Pacifici, R.
- Affiliations
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pacifici, Roberto
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2019-07-15
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3018-3028
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-8238
- PMC
- PMC6668676
- OpenAlex
- W2957498904
- Cited by
- 403
- References
- 168
- Citations by year
- 2026: 83 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Emory University
- Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance
- Johannes und Frieda Marohn-Stiftung
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC‐1181, FOR2886, DFG – FOR 2886 “PANDORA”, DFG-FOR2886, FOR2886 - PANDORA, DFG–CRC1181)
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK119229, R01DK108842, R01DK112946, R01DK098391)
- National Center for Research Resources (S10RR028009)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Keywords
- gut-bone axis, gut microbiota, bone health, short-chain fatty acids, bacterial metabolites, bone loss, postnatal skeletal development, prebiotics, probiotics, bone cells, musculoskeletal system
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bone Diseases, Metabolic, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Humans, Probiotics, Prebiotics
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