The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in major depressive disorder
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the relationships between levels of three metabolites (folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine) and both depressive subtype and response to fluoxetine treatment in depressed patients. METHOD: Fluoxetine, 20 mg/day for 8 weeks, was given to 213 outpatients with major depressive disorder. At baseline, depressive subtypes were assessed, and a blood sample was collected from each patient. Serum metabolite levels were assayed. Response to treatment was determined by percentage change in score on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. RESULTS: Subjects with low folate levels were more likely to have melancholic depression and were significantly less likely to respond to fluoxetine. Homocysteine and B12 levels were not associated with depressive subtype or treatment response. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results are consistent with findings linking low folate levels to poorer response to antidepressant treatment. Folate levels might be considered in the evaluation of depressed patients who do not respond to antidepressant treatment.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“low serum folate has been associated with depression and with resistance to antidepressant treatment”
From Inflammatory cytokines in depression: neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications (2013) · cites this paper as Fava et al., 1997
Citations
Cites
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
Czeizel, A. E., & Dudás, I. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199212243272602 · Cited by 3,200
Total homocysteine in plasma or serum: methods and clinical applications
Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Stabler, S. P., Malinow, M. R., Andersson, A. D. R., & Allen, R. H. (1993) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1764 · Cited by 984
DEFINITION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION
Fava, M., & Davidson, K. G. (1996) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70283-5 · Cited by 797
Schizophrenia After Prenatal Famine
Susser, E. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830010027005 · Cited by 741
Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for total homocysteine levels in human serum
Ubbink, J., Vermaak, W. J. H., & Bissbort, S. (1991) · Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications · doi:10.1016/0378-4347(91)80407-4 · Cited by 670
Cantoni, G. L. (1953) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)66148-4 · Cited by 576
Enhancement of recovery from psychiatric illness by methylfolate
Godfrey, P. S. A., Toone, B. K., Bottiglien, T., Laundy, M., Reynolds, E. H., Carney, M. W. P., Flynn, T. G., & Chanarin, I. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91942-4 · Cited by 389
Reynolds, E. H., Carney, M. W. P., & Toone, B. (1984) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)90482-3 · Cited by 158
What are the Psychiatric Manifestations of Vitamin B 12 Deficiency?
Hector, M., & Burton, J. (1988) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb04397.x · Cited by 155
Plasma homocysteine in vascular disease and in nonvascular dementia of depressed elderly people
Bell, I. R., Edman, J. S., Selhub, J., Morrow, F. D., Marby, D. W., Kayne, H. L., & Cole, J. O. (1992) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb03285.x · Cited by 131
Serum and red blood cell folate in depression
Abou‐Saleh, M. T., & Coppen, A. J. (1989) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb01303.x · Cited by 95
Homocysteine Metabolism: From Basic Science to Clinical Medicine
(1997) · Developments in cardiovascular medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5771-5 · Cited by 75
Homocysteinemia and schizophrenia as a case of methylation deficiency
Regland, B., Johansson, B. V., & Gottfries, C. G. (1994) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/bf01277017 · Cited by 54
Fluoxetine Treatment of Anger Attacks: A Replication Study
D, M. F. M., Alpert, J. E., Nierenberg, A. A., Ghaemi, S. N., O'Sullivan, R., Tedlow, J. R., Worthington, J. J., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1996) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10401239609149084 · Cited by 53
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Brain foods: The effects of nutrients on brain function.
Gómez-Pinilla, F. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2421 · Cited by 1,372
Inflammatory cytokines in depression: neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Felger, J. C., & Lotrich, F. E. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.060 · Cited by 1,180
“Interestingly, low serum folate has been associated with depression and with resistance to antidepressant treatment (Fava et al., 1997, Papakostas et al., 2004a, Papakostas et al., 2004b, Gilbody et al., 2007a, Gilbody et al., 2007b), and administration of L-methylfolate and SAMe have demonstrated…”
BackgroundFacts and recommendations about total homocysteine determinations: an expert opinion
Refsum, H., Smith, A. D., Ueland, P. M., Nexo, E., Clarke, R., McPartlin, J., Johnston, C., Engbaek, F., Schneede, J., McPartlin, C., et al. (2004) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2003.021634 · Cited by 1,056
Haroon, E., Raison, C. L., & Miller, A. H. (2012) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2011.205 · Cited by 1,000
Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system
Reynolds, E. (2006) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70598-1 · Cited by 860
Metadata
- Authors
- D, M. F. M., Borus, J. S., Alpert, J. E., Nierenberg, A. A., Rosenbaum, J. F., & Bottiglieri, T.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1997-03-01
- Volume
- 154
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 426-428
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W1794181152
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r01mh048483-01a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-48483)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- folic acid, vitamin B12, homocysteine, major depressive disorder, endogenous depression, fluoxetine, antidepressant response, serum metabolites, treatment-resistant depression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Depressive Disorder, Female, Fluoxetine, Folic Acid, Folic Acid Deficiency, Homocysteine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Vitamin B 12, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
