Osteoporosis in Patients With Schizophrenia
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis is regularly mentioned as a possible consequence of treatment with prolactin-increasing antipsychotic medications, but little is known about the prevalence and the degree of loss of bone mineral density in patients suffering from schizophrenia. The authors' goals were to investigate the association between schizophrenia and a decrease in bone mineral density and to get more insight into potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. METHOD: In a cross-sectional study, the authors used dual x-ray absorptiometry to determine bone mineral density of 75 inpatients and outpatients suffering from schizophrenia. All patients had been treated with antipsychotics for at least 1 year, and only patients between the ages of 19 and 50 were studied to exclude patients with age-related idiopathic osteoporosis. RESULTS: In men but not women with schizophrenia, bone mineral density was significantly lower than normal in the lumbar region. A comparison of loss of bone mineral density in male and female patients showed significant differences between the sexes. Bone mineral density showed a negative correlation with negative symptoms and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score and a positive correlation with 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 levels and body mass index in male patients. In female patients, a positive correlation between body mass index and bone mineral density was found. Exposure to prolactin-increasing antipsychotics was not related to bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: The male patients with schizophrenia in this study suffered from low bone density. This finding as well as other reports lend support to directing more attention to bone metabolism in patients with schizophrenia, although there is no universally accepted screening policy to identify individuals at high risk for osteoporosis.
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Oral health status is a frequently disregarded health issue among SMI patients, with low rates of dental examination within the past 12 months.
“Oral health status is a frequently disregarded health issue among SMI patients (498), with low rates of dental examination within the past 12 months (569,577-579).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [498]
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- Authors
- Hummer, M., Malik, P., Gasser, R. W., Hofer, A., Kemmler, G., Moncayo Naveda, R. C., Rettenbacher, M. A., & Fleischhacker, W. W.
- Affiliations
- Innsbruck Medical University (AT)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2005-01-01
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 162-167
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2110298944
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, schizophrenia, bone mineral density, antipsychotic drugs, prolactin, sex differences, body mass index, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, bone metabolism, negative symptoms, bone loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Calcifediol, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Schizophrenia, Sex Factors, Antipsychotic Agents, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index, Sex Distribution
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