Effects of long-term prolactin-raising antipsychotic medication on bone mineral density in patients with schizophrenia
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Background: High rates of osteoporosis in schizophrenia may result from the prolactin-raising effects of some antipsychotic medication. Aims: To examine bone mineral density in relation to relevant endocrine variables in patients with schizophrenia taking prolactin-raising antipsychotics. Method: Fifty-five patients who had been receiving prolactin-raising antipsychotic medication for > 10 years underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of their lumbar and hip bones. Among the endocrine variables assessed were plasma prolactin and sex hormones. Results: Age-related reduced bone mineral density measures were found in 17 (57%) of the male and 8 (32%) of the female patients. Higher doses of medication were associated with increased rates of both hyperprolactinaemia and bone mineral density loss. Bone loss for the whole group was correlated with medication dose, and for men was inversely correlated with testosterone values. Conclusions: These results suggestthat patients with schizophrenia on long-term prolactin-raising antipsychotic medication are at high risk of developing reduced bone mineral density as a consequence of hyperprolactinaemia-induced hypogonadism.
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Some studies found a relationship between the use of prolactin-raising medication and low bone mineral density in patients with chronic schizophrenia, while others failed to find a relationship between prolactin, antipsychotics and osteoporosis.
“Some studies (490-493) found a relationship between the use of prolactin-raising medication and low BMD in patients with chronic schizophrenia, while others (474,489,494-498) failed to find a relationship between prolactin, AP and osteoporosis.”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [490]
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- Authors
- Meaney, A. M., Smith, S., Howes, O. D., O'Brien, M., Murray, R. M., & O'Keane, V.
- Affiliations
- Beaumont Hospital (IE)
- Maudsley Hospital (GB)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Meaney, Anna Maria
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 184
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 503-508
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2021946298
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 6.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs, hyperprolactinemia, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, bone loss, hypogonadism, testosterone, sex hormones, medication dose, long-term antipsychotic use
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Chlorpromazine, Female, Femur, Humans, Hyperprolactinemia, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Long-Term Care, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Prolactin, Regression Analysis, Schizophrenia, Sex Factors, Testosterone, Antipsychotic Agents, Bone Density, Dopamine Antagonists
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