Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Assessment, Impact, and Management

The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910 · see citing works

Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition

Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2639 · Cited by 6,256 · see citing works

A critical role for the right fronto-insular cortex in switching between central-executive and default-mode networks

Sridharan, D., Levitin, D. J., & Menon, V. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0800005105 · Cited by 2,892 · see citing works

Cognition and Depression: Current Status and Future Directions

Gotlib, I. H., & Joormann, J. (2010) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131305 · Cited by 2,420 · see citing works

Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation

Goel, N., Rao, H., Durmer, J., & Dinges, D. (2009) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1237117 · Cited by 2,154 · see citing works

Hippocampal volume and depression: a meta-analysis of MRI studies

Videbech, P., & Ravnkilde, B. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.1957 · Cited by 1,590 · see citing works

Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings

Chiesa, A., Calati, R., & Serretti, A. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.11.003 · Cited by 1,295 · see citing works

Neurobiology of Executive Functions: Catecholamine Influences on Prefrontal Cortical Functions

Arnsten, A. F. T., & Li, B.-M. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.08.019 · Cited by 948 · see citing works

Default-Mode and Task-Positive Network Activity in Major Depressive Disorder: Implications for Adaptive and Maladaptive Rumination

Hamilton, J. P., Furman, D. J., Chang, C., Thomason, M. E., Dennis, E., & Gotlib, I. H. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.003 · Cited by 823 · see citing works

Major depressive disorder and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity

Vreeburg, S. A., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., van Pelt, J., DeRijk, R. H., Verhagen, J. C. M., van Dyck, R., Smit, J. H., Zitman, F. G., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2009) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.50 · Cited by 792 · see citing works

Stress hormones and human memory function across the lifespan

Lupien, S. J., Fiocco, A., Wan, N., Maheu, F., Lord, C., Schramek, T., & Tu, M. T. (2005) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.08.003 · Cited by 562 · see citing works

Cognitive impairment in euthymic major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis

Bora, E., Harrison, B. J., Yücel, M., & Pantelis, C. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712002085 · Cited by 551 · see citing works

Presence of individual (residual) symptoms during depressive episodes and periods of remission: a 3-year prospective study

Conradi, H. J., Ormel, J., & de Jonge, P. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710001911 · Cited by 515 · see citing works

Catecholamine Influences on Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortical Networks

Arnsten, A. F. T. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.01.027 · Cited by 493 · see citing works

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, duloxetine-referenced, fixed-dose study comparing the efficacy and safety of Lu AA21004 in elderly patients with major depressive disorder

Katona, C., Hansen, T., & Olsen, C. K. (2012) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0b013e3283542457 · Cited by 445 · see citing works

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vortioxetine on cognitive function in depressed adults

McIntyre, R. S., Lophaven, S., & Olsen, C. K. (2014) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145714000546 · Cited by 433 · see citing works

The role of cognitive impairment in general functioning in major depression

Baune, B. T., Miller, R., McAfoose, J., Johnson, M., Quirk, F., & Mitchell, D. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.12.001 · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Hot and cold cognition in depression

Roiser, J. P., & Sahakian, B. J. (2013) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852913000072 · Cited by 354 · see citing works

Neuropsychological function and suicidal behavior: attention control, memory and executive dysfunction in suicide attempt

Keilp, J. G., Gorlyn, M., Russell, M., Oquendo, M. A., Burke, A. K., Harkavy-Friedman, J., & Mann, J. J. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712001419 · Cited by 350 · see citing works

The Cognitive Effects of Antidepressants in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Rosenblat, J. D., Kakar, R., & McIntyre, R. S. (2016) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyv082 · Cited by 315 · see citing works

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Active-Reference, Double-Blind, Flexible-Dose Study of the Efficacy of Vortioxetine on Cognitive Function in Major Depressive Disorder

Mahableshwarkar, A. R., Zajecka, J., Jacobson, W., Chen, Y., & Keefe, R. S. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.52 · Cited by 307 · see citing works

Cognitive dysfunction in depression: Neurocircuitry and new therapeutic strategies

Murrough, J. W., Iacoviello, B., Neumeister, A., Charney, D. S., & Iosifescu, D. V. (2011) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.006 · Cited by 307 · see citing works

Effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive performance and individual psychopathology in depressive and schizophrenia patients

Oertel-Knöchel, V., Mehler, P., Thiel, C., Steinbrecher, K., Malchow, B., Tesky, V., Ademmer, K., Prvulovic, D., Banzer, W., Zopf, Y., et al. (2014) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-014-0485-9 · Cited by 185 · see citing works

Effects of selective serotonin reuptake and dual serotonergic–noradrenergic reuptake treatments on memory and mental processing speed in patients with major depressive disorder

Herrera-Guzmán, I., Gudayol-Ferré, E., Herrera-Guzmán, D., Guàrdia-Olmos, J., Hinojosa-Calvo, E., & Herrera-Abarca, J. E. (2009) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.10.015 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Clinical and Neurobiological Effects of Tianeptine and Paroxetine in Major Depression

Nickel, T., Sonntag, A., Schill, J., Zobel, A. W., Ackl, N., Brunnauer, A., Murck, H., Ising, M., Yassouridis, A., Steiger, A., et al. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-200304000-00008 · Cited by 152 · see citing works

Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Antipsychotic-Naive First-Episode Unipolar Psychotic Depression

Hill, S. K., Keshavan, M. S., Thase, M. E., & Sweeney, J. A. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.6.996 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

A Prospective Trial of Modafinil as an Adjunctive Treatment of Major Depression

DeBattista, C., Lembke, A., Solvason, H. B., Ghebremichael, R., & Poirier, J. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/01.jcp.0000104910.75206.b9 · Cited by 144 · see citing works

Dysfunctional hippocampal activity affects emotion and cognition in mood disorders

Femenía, T., Gómez-Galán, M., Lindskog, M., & Magara, S. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.053 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Mediators of the association between depression and role functioning

Buist‐Bouwman, M. A., Ormel, J., De Graaf, R., De Jonge, P., Van Sonderen, E., Alonso, J., Bruffaerts, R., Vollebergh, W. A. M., & the ESEMeD/MHEDEA 2000 investigators (2008) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01285.x · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Is there an association between subjective and objective measures of cognitive function in patients with affective disorders?

Svendsen, A. M., Kessing, L. V., Munkholm, K., Vinberg, M., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2012) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/08039488.2011.626870 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Cognitive training in affective disorders improves memory: A preliminary study using the NEAR approach

Naismith, S. L., Redoblado-Hodge, M. A., Lewis, S. J. G., Scott, E. M., & Hickie, I. B. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.06.028 · Cited by 122 · see citing works

Presenting characteristics of depressed outpatients as a function of recurrence: Preliminary findings from the STAR*D clinical trial

Hollon, S. D., Shelton, R. C., Wisniewski, S., Warden, D., Biggs, M. M., Friedman, E. S., Husain, M., Kupfer, D. J., Nierenberg, A. A., Petersen, T. J., et al. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.07.008 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to improve cognitive dysfunction and functional ability in clinical depression – A systematic review

Baune, B. T., & Renger, L. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.013 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Cognitive Effects of Pharmacotherapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review

Keefe, R. S. E., McClintock, S. M., Roth, R. M., Doraiswamy, P. M., Tiger, S., & Madhoo, M. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13r08609 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

Psychometric validation of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D) instrument in US and UK respondents with major depressive disorder

Lam, R., Lamy, F.-X., Danchenko, N., Yarlas, A., White, M. K., Rive, B., & Saragoussi, D. (2018) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s175188 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

The Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive Performance in Treatment-Resistant Depression. A Systematic Review

Serafini, G., Pompili, M., Belvederi Murri, M., Respino, M., Ghio, L., Girardi, P., Fitzgerald, P. B., & Amore, M. (2015) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000381351 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of young adults with a history of non-psychotic unipolar depressive disorders without psychiatric comorbidity

Castaneda, A. E., Suvisaari, J., Marttunen, M., Perälä, J., Saarni, S. I., Aalto-Setälä, T., Aro, H., Koskinen, S., Lönnqvist, J., & Tuulio-Henriksson, A. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.239 · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Cognitive remediation as a treatment for major depression: A rationale, review of evidence and recommendations for future research

Porter, R. J., Bowie, C. R., Jordan, J., & Malhi, G. S. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413502090 · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Augmentation in Adults With Persistent Executive Dysfunction After Partial or Full Remission of Major Depressive Disorder

Madhoo, M., Keefe, R. S., Roth, R. M., Sambunaris, A., Wu, J., Trivedi, M. H., Anderson, C. S., & Lasser, R. (2014) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.334 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Treatment-related improvement in neuropsychological functioning in suicidal depressed patients: Paroxetine vs. bupropion

Gorlyn, M., Keilp, J., Burke, A., Oquendo, M., Mann, J. J., & Grunebaum, M. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.12.004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Depressive symptom profiles and severity patterns in outpatients with psychotic vs nonpsychotic major depression

Gaudiano, B. A., Young, D., Chelminski, I., & Zimmerman, M. (2008) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.02.007 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Cognition as predictor of current and follow-up depressive symptoms in the general population

Simons, C. J. P., Jacobs, N., Derom, C., Thiery, E., Jolles, J., Van Os, J., & Krabbendam, L. (2009) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01339.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works

The effect of bupropion XL and escitalopram on memory and functional outcomes in adults with major depressive disorder: Results from a randomized controlled trial

Soczynska, J. K., Ravindran, L. N., Styra, R., McIntyre, R. S., Cyriac, A., Manierka, M. S., & Kennedy, S. H. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.06.053 · Cited by 60 · see citing works

Verbal learning by major depressive disorder patients during treatment with fluoxetine or amitriptyline

Richardson, J. S., Keegan, D. L., Bowen, R. C., Blackshaw, S. L., Cebrian-Perez, S., Dayal, N., Saleh, S., & Shrikhande, S. (1994) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004850-199400910-00006 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Active-Reference, Double-Blind, Flexible-Dose Study of the Efficacy of Vortioxetine on Cognitive Function in Major Depressive Disorder

Mahableshwarkar, A. R., Zajecka, J., Jacobson, W., Chen, Y., & Keefe, R. S. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.52 · Cited by 307 · see citing works

Personalized machine learning guided intervention for optimizing lifestyle behaviors in depression: a pilot study

Nan, J., Purpura, S., Jaiswal, S., Afshar, H., Maric, V., Manchanda, J. K., Taylor, C. T., Ramanathan, D., & Mishra, J. (2026) · NPP—Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s44277-026-00062-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works